// Copyright 2017 The Dawn Authors
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

#include "dawn/native/ShaderModule.h"

#include "absl/strings/str_format.h"
#include "dawn/common/BitSetIterator.h"
#include "dawn/common/Constants.h"
#include "dawn/common/HashUtils.h"
#include "dawn/native/BindGroupLayout.h"
#include "dawn/native/ChainUtils_autogen.h"
#include "dawn/native/CompilationMessages.h"
#include "dawn/native/Device.h"
#include "dawn/native/ObjectContentHasher.h"
#include "dawn/native/Pipeline.h"
#include "dawn/native/PipelineLayout.h"
#include "dawn/native/RenderPipeline.h"
#include "dawn/native/TintUtils.h"

#include <tint/tint.h>

#include <sstream>

namespace dawn::native {

    namespace {

        tint::transform::VertexFormat ToTintVertexFormat(wgpu::VertexFormat format) {
            switch (format) {
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Uint8x2:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kUint8x2;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Uint8x4:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kUint8x4;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Sint8x2:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kSint8x2;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Sint8x4:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kSint8x4;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Unorm8x2:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kUnorm8x2;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Unorm8x4:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kUnorm8x4;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Snorm8x2:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kSnorm8x2;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Snorm8x4:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kSnorm8x4;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Uint16x2:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kUint16x2;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Uint16x4:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kUint16x4;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Sint16x2:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kSint16x2;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Sint16x4:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kSint16x4;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Unorm16x2:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kUnorm16x2;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Unorm16x4:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kUnorm16x4;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Snorm16x2:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kSnorm16x2;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Snorm16x4:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kSnorm16x4;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Float16x2:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kFloat16x2;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Float16x4:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kFloat16x4;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Float32:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kFloat32;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Float32x2:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kFloat32x2;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Float32x3:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kFloat32x3;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Float32x4:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kFloat32x4;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Uint32:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kUint32;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Uint32x2:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kUint32x2;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Uint32x3:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kUint32x3;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Uint32x4:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kUint32x4;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Sint32:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kSint32;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Sint32x2:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kSint32x2;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Sint32x3:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kSint32x3;
                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Sint32x4:
                    return tint::transform::VertexFormat::kSint32x4;

                case wgpu::VertexFormat::Undefined:
                    break;
            }
            UNREACHABLE();
        }

        tint::transform::VertexStepMode ToTintVertexStepMode(wgpu::VertexStepMode mode) {
            switch (mode) {
                case wgpu::VertexStepMode::Vertex:
                    return tint::transform::VertexStepMode::kVertex;
                case wgpu::VertexStepMode::Instance:
                    return tint::transform::VertexStepMode::kInstance;
            }
            UNREACHABLE();
        }

        ResultOrError<SingleShaderStage> TintPipelineStageToShaderStage(
            tint::ast::PipelineStage stage) {
            switch (stage) {
                case tint::ast::PipelineStage::kVertex:
                    return SingleShaderStage::Vertex;
                case tint::ast::PipelineStage::kFragment:
                    return SingleShaderStage::Fragment;
                case tint::ast::PipelineStage::kCompute:
                    return SingleShaderStage::Compute;
                case tint::ast::PipelineStage::kNone:
                    break;
            }
            UNREACHABLE();
        }

        BindingInfoType TintResourceTypeToBindingInfoType(
            tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::ResourceType type) {
            switch (type) {
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::ResourceType::kUniformBuffer:
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::ResourceType::kStorageBuffer:
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::ResourceType::kReadOnlyStorageBuffer:
                    return BindingInfoType::Buffer;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::ResourceType::kSampler:
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::ResourceType::kComparisonSampler:
                    return BindingInfoType::Sampler;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::ResourceType::kSampledTexture:
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::ResourceType::kMultisampledTexture:
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::ResourceType::kDepthTexture:
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::ResourceType::kDepthMultisampledTexture:
                    return BindingInfoType::Texture;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::ResourceType::kWriteOnlyStorageTexture:
                    return BindingInfoType::StorageTexture;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::ResourceType::kExternalTexture:
                    return BindingInfoType::ExternalTexture;

                default:
                    UNREACHABLE();
                    return BindingInfoType::Buffer;
            }
        }

        wgpu::TextureFormat TintImageFormatToTextureFormat(
            tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TexelFormat format) {
            switch (format) {
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TexelFormat::kR32Uint:
                    return wgpu::TextureFormat::R32Uint;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TexelFormat::kR32Sint:
                    return wgpu::TextureFormat::R32Sint;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TexelFormat::kR32Float:
                    return wgpu::TextureFormat::R32Float;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TexelFormat::kRgba8Unorm:
                    return wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA8Unorm;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TexelFormat::kRgba8Snorm:
                    return wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA8Snorm;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TexelFormat::kRgba8Uint:
                    return wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA8Uint;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TexelFormat::kRgba8Sint:
                    return wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA8Sint;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TexelFormat::kRg32Uint:
                    return wgpu::TextureFormat::RG32Uint;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TexelFormat::kRg32Sint:
                    return wgpu::TextureFormat::RG32Sint;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TexelFormat::kRg32Float:
                    return wgpu::TextureFormat::RG32Float;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TexelFormat::kRgba16Uint:
                    return wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA16Uint;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TexelFormat::kRgba16Sint:
                    return wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA16Sint;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TexelFormat::kRgba16Float:
                    return wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA16Float;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TexelFormat::kRgba32Uint:
                    return wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA32Uint;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TexelFormat::kRgba32Sint:
                    return wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA32Sint;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float:
                    return wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA32Float;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TexelFormat::kNone:
                    return wgpu::TextureFormat::Undefined;

                default:
                    UNREACHABLE();
                    return wgpu::TextureFormat::Undefined;
            }
        }

        wgpu::TextureViewDimension TintTextureDimensionToTextureViewDimension(
            tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TextureDimension dim) {
            switch (dim) {
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TextureDimension::k1d:
                    return wgpu::TextureViewDimension::e1D;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TextureDimension::k2d:
                    return wgpu::TextureViewDimension::e2D;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TextureDimension::k2dArray:
                    return wgpu::TextureViewDimension::e2DArray;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TextureDimension::k3d:
                    return wgpu::TextureViewDimension::e3D;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TextureDimension::kCube:
                    return wgpu::TextureViewDimension::Cube;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TextureDimension::kCubeArray:
                    return wgpu::TextureViewDimension::CubeArray;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::TextureDimension::kNone:
                    return wgpu::TextureViewDimension::Undefined;
            }
            UNREACHABLE();
        }

        SampleTypeBit TintSampledKindToSampleTypeBit(
            tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::SampledKind s) {
            switch (s) {
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::SampledKind::kSInt:
                    return SampleTypeBit::Sint;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::SampledKind::kUInt:
                    return SampleTypeBit::Uint;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::SampledKind::kFloat:
                    return SampleTypeBit::Float | SampleTypeBit::UnfilterableFloat;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::SampledKind::kUnknown:
                    return SampleTypeBit::None;
            }
            UNREACHABLE();
        }

        ResultOrError<wgpu::TextureComponentType> TintComponentTypeToTextureComponentType(
            tint::inspector::ComponentType type) {
            switch (type) {
                case tint::inspector::ComponentType::kFloat:
                    return wgpu::TextureComponentType::Float;
                case tint::inspector::ComponentType::kSInt:
                    return wgpu::TextureComponentType::Sint;
                case tint::inspector::ComponentType::kUInt:
                    return wgpu::TextureComponentType::Uint;
                case tint::inspector::ComponentType::kUnknown:
                    return DAWN_VALIDATION_ERROR(
                        "Attempted to convert 'Unknown' component type from Tint");
            }
            UNREACHABLE();
        }

        ResultOrError<VertexFormatBaseType> TintComponentTypeToVertexFormatBaseType(
            tint::inspector::ComponentType type) {
            switch (type) {
                case tint::inspector::ComponentType::kFloat:
                    return VertexFormatBaseType::Float;
                case tint::inspector::ComponentType::kSInt:
                    return VertexFormatBaseType::Sint;
                case tint::inspector::ComponentType::kUInt:
                    return VertexFormatBaseType::Uint;
                case tint::inspector::ComponentType::kUnknown:
                    return DAWN_VALIDATION_ERROR(
                        "Attempted to convert 'Unknown' component type from Tint");
            }
            UNREACHABLE();
        }

        ResultOrError<wgpu::BufferBindingType> TintResourceTypeToBufferBindingType(
            tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::ResourceType resource_type) {
            switch (resource_type) {
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::ResourceType::kUniformBuffer:
                    return wgpu::BufferBindingType::Uniform;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::ResourceType::kStorageBuffer:
                    return wgpu::BufferBindingType::Storage;
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::ResourceType::kReadOnlyStorageBuffer:
                    return wgpu::BufferBindingType::ReadOnlyStorage;
                default:
                    return DAWN_VALIDATION_ERROR("Attempted to convert non-buffer resource type");
            }
            UNREACHABLE();
        }

        ResultOrError<wgpu::StorageTextureAccess> TintResourceTypeToStorageTextureAccess(
            tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::ResourceType resource_type) {
            switch (resource_type) {
                case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::ResourceType::kWriteOnlyStorageTexture:
                    return wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::WriteOnly;
                default:
                    return DAWN_VALIDATION_ERROR(
                        "Attempted to convert non-storage texture resource type");
            }
            UNREACHABLE();
        }

        ResultOrError<InterStageComponentType> TintComponentTypeToInterStageComponentType(
            tint::inspector::ComponentType type) {
            switch (type) {
                case tint::inspector::ComponentType::kFloat:
                    return InterStageComponentType::Float;
                case tint::inspector::ComponentType::kSInt:
                    return InterStageComponentType::Sint;
                case tint::inspector::ComponentType::kUInt:
                    return InterStageComponentType::Uint;
                case tint::inspector::ComponentType::kUnknown:
                    return DAWN_VALIDATION_ERROR(
                        "Attempted to convert 'Unknown' component type from Tint");
            }
            UNREACHABLE();
        }

        ResultOrError<uint32_t> TintCompositionTypeToInterStageComponentCount(
            tint::inspector::CompositionType type) {
            switch (type) {
                case tint::inspector::CompositionType::kScalar:
                    return 1u;
                case tint::inspector::CompositionType::kVec2:
                    return 2u;
                case tint::inspector::CompositionType::kVec3:
                    return 3u;
                case tint::inspector::CompositionType::kVec4:
                    return 4u;
                case tint::inspector::CompositionType::kUnknown:
                    return DAWN_VALIDATION_ERROR(
                        "Attempt to convert 'Unknown' composition type from Tint");
            }
            UNREACHABLE();
        }

        ResultOrError<InterpolationType> TintInterpolationTypeToInterpolationType(
            tint::inspector::InterpolationType type) {
            switch (type) {
                case tint::inspector::InterpolationType::kPerspective:
                    return InterpolationType::Perspective;
                case tint::inspector::InterpolationType::kLinear:
                    return InterpolationType::Linear;
                case tint::inspector::InterpolationType::kFlat:
                    return InterpolationType::Flat;
                case tint::inspector::InterpolationType::kUnknown:
                    return DAWN_VALIDATION_ERROR(
                        "Attempted to convert 'Unknown' interpolation type from Tint");
            }
            UNREACHABLE();
        }

        ResultOrError<InterpolationSampling> TintInterpolationSamplingToInterpolationSamplingType(
            tint::inspector::InterpolationSampling type) {
            switch (type) {
                case tint::inspector::InterpolationSampling::kNone:
                    return InterpolationSampling::None;
                case tint::inspector::InterpolationSampling::kCenter:
                    return InterpolationSampling::Center;
                case tint::inspector::InterpolationSampling::kCentroid:
                    return InterpolationSampling::Centroid;
                case tint::inspector::InterpolationSampling::kSample:
                    return InterpolationSampling::Sample;
                case tint::inspector::InterpolationSampling::kUnknown:
                    return DAWN_VALIDATION_ERROR(
                        "Attempted to convert 'Unknown' interpolation sampling type from Tint");
            }
            UNREACHABLE();
        }

        EntryPointMetadata::OverridableConstant::Type FromTintOverridableConstantType(
            tint::inspector::OverridableConstant::Type type) {
            switch (type) {
                case tint::inspector::OverridableConstant::Type::kBool:
                    return EntryPointMetadata::OverridableConstant::Type::Boolean;
                case tint::inspector::OverridableConstant::Type::kFloat32:
                    return EntryPointMetadata::OverridableConstant::Type::Float32;
                case tint::inspector::OverridableConstant::Type::kInt32:
                    return EntryPointMetadata::OverridableConstant::Type::Int32;
                case tint::inspector::OverridableConstant::Type::kUint32:
                    return EntryPointMetadata::OverridableConstant::Type::Uint32;
            }
            UNREACHABLE();
        }

        ResultOrError<tint::Program> ParseWGSL(const tint::Source::File* file,
                                               OwnedCompilationMessages* outMessages) {
            tint::Program program = tint::reader::wgsl::Parse(file);
            if (outMessages != nullptr) {
                outMessages->AddMessages(program.Diagnostics());
            }
            if (!program.IsValid()) {
                return DAWN_FORMAT_VALIDATION_ERROR(
                    "Tint WGSL reader failure:\nParser: %s\nShader:\n%s\n",
                    program.Diagnostics().str(), file->content.data);
            }

            return std::move(program);
        }

        ResultOrError<tint::Program> ParseSPIRV(const std::vector<uint32_t>& spirv,
                                                OwnedCompilationMessages* outMessages) {
            tint::Program program = tint::reader::spirv::Parse(spirv);
            if (outMessages != nullptr) {
                outMessages->AddMessages(program.Diagnostics());
            }
            if (!program.IsValid()) {
                return DAWN_FORMAT_VALIDATION_ERROR("Tint SPIR-V reader failure:\nParser: %s\n",
                                                    program.Diagnostics().str());
            }

            return std::move(program);
        }

        std::vector<uint64_t> GetBindGroupMinBufferSizes(const BindingGroupInfoMap& shaderBindings,
                                                         const BindGroupLayoutBase* layout) {
            std::vector<uint64_t> requiredBufferSizes(layout->GetUnverifiedBufferCount());
            uint32_t packedIdx = 0;

            for (BindingIndex bindingIndex{0}; bindingIndex < layout->GetBufferCount();
                 ++bindingIndex) {
                const BindingInfo& bindingInfo = layout->GetBindingInfo(bindingIndex);
                if (bindingInfo.buffer.minBindingSize != 0) {
                    // Skip bindings that have minimum buffer size set in the layout
                    continue;
                }

                ASSERT(packedIdx < requiredBufferSizes.size());
                const auto& shaderInfo = shaderBindings.find(bindingInfo.binding);
                if (shaderInfo != shaderBindings.end()) {
                    requiredBufferSizes[packedIdx] = shaderInfo->second.buffer.minBindingSize;
                } else {
                    // We have to include buffers if they are included in the bind group's
                    // packed vector. We don't actually need to check these at draw time, so
                    // if this is a problem in the future we can optimize it further.
                    requiredBufferSizes[packedIdx] = 0;
                }
                ++packedIdx;
            }

            return requiredBufferSizes;
        }

        MaybeError ValidateCompatibilityOfSingleBindingWithLayout(
            const DeviceBase* device,
            const BindGroupLayoutBase* layout,
            SingleShaderStage entryPointStage,
            BindingNumber bindingNumber,
            const ShaderBindingInfo& shaderInfo) {
            const BindGroupLayoutBase::BindingMap& layoutBindings = layout->GetBindingMap();

            // An external texture binding found in the shader will later be expanded into multiple
            // bindings at compile time. This expansion will have already happened in the bgl - so
            // the shader and bgl will always mismatch at this point. Expansion info is contained in
            // the bgl object, so we can still verify the bgl used to have an external texture in
            // the slot corresponding to the shader reflection.
            if (shaderInfo.bindingType == BindingInfoType::ExternalTexture) {
                // If an external texture binding used to exist in the bgl, it will be found as a
                // key in the ExternalTextureBindingExpansions map.
                ExternalTextureBindingExpansionMap expansions =
                    layout->GetExternalTextureBindingExpansionMap();
                std::map<BindingNumber, dawn_native::ExternalTextureBindingExpansion>::iterator it =
                    expansions.find(bindingNumber);
                // TODO(dawn:563): Provide info about the binding types.
                DAWN_INVALID_IF(it == expansions.end(),
                                "Binding type in the shader (texture_external) doesn't match the "
                                "type in the layout.");

                return {};
            }

            const auto& bindingIt = layoutBindings.find(bindingNumber);
            DAWN_INVALID_IF(bindingIt == layoutBindings.end(), "Binding doesn't exist in %s.",
                            layout);

            BindingIndex bindingIndex(bindingIt->second);
            const BindingInfo& layoutInfo = layout->GetBindingInfo(bindingIndex);

            // TODO(dawn:563): Provide info about the binding types.
            DAWN_INVALID_IF(
                layoutInfo.bindingType != shaderInfo.bindingType,
                "Binding type (buffer vs. texture vs. sampler vs. external) doesn't match the type "
                "in the layout.");

            ExternalTextureBindingExpansionMap expansions =
                layout->GetExternalTextureBindingExpansionMap();
            DAWN_INVALID_IF(expansions.find(bindingNumber) != expansions.end(),
                            "Binding type (buffer vs. texture vs. sampler vs. external) doesn't "
                            "match the type in the layout.");

            // TODO(dawn:563): Provide info about the visibility.
            DAWN_INVALID_IF(
                (layoutInfo.visibility & StageBit(entryPointStage)) == 0,
                "Entry point's stage is not in the binding visibility in the layout (%s)",
                layoutInfo.visibility);

            switch (layoutInfo.bindingType) {
                case BindingInfoType::Texture: {
                    DAWN_INVALID_IF(
                        layoutInfo.texture.multisampled != shaderInfo.texture.multisampled,
                        "Binding multisampled flag (%u) doesn't match the layout's multisampled "
                        "flag (%u)",
                        layoutInfo.texture.multisampled, shaderInfo.texture.multisampled);

                    // TODO(dawn:563): Provide info about the sample types.
                    DAWN_INVALID_IF((SampleTypeToSampleTypeBit(layoutInfo.texture.sampleType) &
                                     shaderInfo.texture.compatibleSampleTypes) == 0,
                                    "The sample type in the shader is not compatible with the "
                                    "sample type of the layout.");

                    DAWN_INVALID_IF(
                        layoutInfo.texture.viewDimension != shaderInfo.texture.viewDimension,
                        "The shader's binding dimension (%s) doesn't match the shader's binding "
                        "dimension (%s).",
                        layoutInfo.texture.viewDimension, shaderInfo.texture.viewDimension);
                    break;
                }

                case BindingInfoType::StorageTexture: {
                    ASSERT(layoutInfo.storageTexture.format != wgpu::TextureFormat::Undefined);
                    ASSERT(shaderInfo.storageTexture.format != wgpu::TextureFormat::Undefined);

                    DAWN_INVALID_IF(
                        layoutInfo.storageTexture.access != shaderInfo.storageTexture.access,
                        "The layout's binding access (%s) isn't compatible with the shader's "
                        "binding access (%s).",
                        layoutInfo.storageTexture.access, shaderInfo.storageTexture.access);

                    DAWN_INVALID_IF(
                        layoutInfo.storageTexture.format != shaderInfo.storageTexture.format,
                        "The layout's binding format (%s) doesn't match the shader's binding "
                        "format (%s).",
                        layoutInfo.storageTexture.format, shaderInfo.storageTexture.format);

                    DAWN_INVALID_IF(layoutInfo.storageTexture.viewDimension !=
                                        shaderInfo.storageTexture.viewDimension,
                                    "The layout's binding dimension (%s) doesn't match the "
                                    "shader's binding dimension (%s).",
                                    layoutInfo.storageTexture.viewDimension,
                                    shaderInfo.storageTexture.viewDimension);
                    break;
                }

                case BindingInfoType::Buffer: {
                    // Binding mismatch between shader and bind group is invalid. For example, a
                    // writable binding in the shader with a readonly storage buffer in the bind
                    // group layout is invalid. For internal usage with internal shaders, a storage
                    // binding in the shader with an internal storage buffer in the bind group
                    // layout is also valid.
                    bool validBindingConversion =
                        (layoutInfo.buffer.type == kInternalStorageBufferBinding &&
                         shaderInfo.buffer.type == wgpu::BufferBindingType::Storage);

                    DAWN_INVALID_IF(
                        layoutInfo.buffer.type != shaderInfo.buffer.type && !validBindingConversion,
                        "The buffer type in the shader (%s) is not compatible with the type in the "
                        "layout (%s).",
                        shaderInfo.buffer.type, layoutInfo.buffer.type);

                    DAWN_INVALID_IF(
                        layoutInfo.buffer.minBindingSize != 0 &&
                            shaderInfo.buffer.minBindingSize > layoutInfo.buffer.minBindingSize,
                        "The shader uses more bytes of the buffer (%u) than the layout's "
                        "minBindingSize (%u).",
                        shaderInfo.buffer.minBindingSize, layoutInfo.buffer.minBindingSize);
                    break;
                }

                case BindingInfoType::Sampler:
                    DAWN_INVALID_IF(
                        (layoutInfo.sampler.type == wgpu::SamplerBindingType::Comparison) !=
                            shaderInfo.sampler.isComparison,
                        "The sampler type in the shader (comparison: %u) doesn't match the type in "
                        "the layout (comparison: %u).",
                        shaderInfo.sampler.isComparison,
                        layoutInfo.sampler.type == wgpu::SamplerBindingType::Comparison);
                    break;

                case BindingInfoType::ExternalTexture: {
                    UNREACHABLE();
                    break;
                }
            }

            return {};
        }
        MaybeError ValidateCompatibilityWithBindGroupLayout(DeviceBase* device,
                                                            BindGroupIndex group,
                                                            const EntryPointMetadata& entryPoint,
                                                            const BindGroupLayoutBase* layout) {
            // Iterate over all bindings used by this group in the shader, and find the
            // corresponding binding in the BindGroupLayout, if it exists.
            for (const auto& [bindingId, bindingInfo] : entryPoint.bindings[group]) {
                DAWN_TRY_CONTEXT(ValidateCompatibilityOfSingleBindingWithLayout(
                                     device, layout, entryPoint.stage, bindingId, bindingInfo),
                                 "validating that the entry-point's declaration for @group(%u) "
                                 "@binding(%u) matches %s",
                                 static_cast<uint32_t>(group), static_cast<uint32_t>(bindingId),
                                 layout);
            }

            return {};
        }

        ResultOrError<std::unique_ptr<EntryPointMetadata>> ReflectEntryPointUsingTint(
            const DeviceBase* device,
            tint::inspector::Inspector* inspector,
            const tint::inspector::EntryPoint& entryPoint) {
            const CombinedLimits& limits = device->GetLimits();
            constexpr uint32_t kMaxInterStageShaderLocation = kMaxInterStageShaderVariables - 1;

            std::unique_ptr<EntryPointMetadata> metadata = std::make_unique<EntryPointMetadata>();

            if (!entryPoint.overridable_constants.empty()) {
                DAWN_INVALID_IF(device->IsToggleEnabled(Toggle::DisallowUnsafeAPIs),
                                "Pipeline overridable constants are disallowed because they "
                                "are partially implemented.");

                const auto& name2Id = inspector->GetConstantNameToIdMap();
                const auto& id2Scalar = inspector->GetConstantIDs();

                for (auto& c : entryPoint.overridable_constants) {
                    uint32_t id = name2Id.at(c.name);
                    OverridableConstantScalar defaultValue;
                    if (c.is_initialized) {
                        // if it is initialized, the scalar must exist
                        const auto& scalar = id2Scalar.at(id);
                        if (scalar.IsBool()) {
                            defaultValue.b = scalar.AsBool();
                        } else if (scalar.IsU32()) {
                            defaultValue.u32 = scalar.AsU32();
                        } else if (scalar.IsI32()) {
                            defaultValue.i32 = scalar.AsI32();
                        } else if (scalar.IsFloat()) {
                            defaultValue.f32 = scalar.AsFloat();
                        } else {
                            UNREACHABLE();
                        }
                    }
                    EntryPointMetadata::OverridableConstant constant = {
                        id, FromTintOverridableConstantType(c.type), c.is_initialized,
                        defaultValue};

                    std::string identifier =
                        c.is_numeric_id_specified ? std::to_string(constant.id) : c.name;
                    metadata->overridableConstants[identifier] = constant;

                    if (!c.is_initialized) {
                        auto [_, inserted] = metadata->uninitializedOverridableConstants.emplace(
                            std::move(identifier));
                        // The insertion should have taken place
                        ASSERT(inserted);
                    } else {
                        auto [_, inserted] = metadata->initializedOverridableConstants.emplace(
                            std::move(identifier));
                        // The insertion should have taken place
                        ASSERT(inserted);
                    }
                }
            }

            DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(metadata->stage, TintPipelineStageToShaderStage(entryPoint.stage));

            if (metadata->stage == SingleShaderStage::Compute) {
                DAWN_INVALID_IF(
                    entryPoint.workgroup_size_x > limits.v1.maxComputeWorkgroupSizeX ||
                        entryPoint.workgroup_size_y > limits.v1.maxComputeWorkgroupSizeY ||
                        entryPoint.workgroup_size_z > limits.v1.maxComputeWorkgroupSizeZ,
                    "Entry-point uses workgroup_size(%u, %u, %u) that exceeds the "
                    "maximum allowed (%u, %u, %u).",
                    entryPoint.workgroup_size_x, entryPoint.workgroup_size_y,
                    entryPoint.workgroup_size_z, limits.v1.maxComputeWorkgroupSizeX,
                    limits.v1.maxComputeWorkgroupSizeY, limits.v1.maxComputeWorkgroupSizeZ);

                // Dimensions have already been validated against their individual limits above.
                // Cast to uint64_t to avoid overflow in this multiplication.
                uint64_t numInvocations = static_cast<uint64_t>(entryPoint.workgroup_size_x) *
                                          entryPoint.workgroup_size_y * entryPoint.workgroup_size_z;
                DAWN_INVALID_IF(numInvocations > limits.v1.maxComputeInvocationsPerWorkgroup,
                                "The total number of workgroup invocations (%u) exceeds the "
                                "maximum allowed (%u).",
                                numInvocations, limits.v1.maxComputeInvocationsPerWorkgroup);

                const size_t workgroupStorageSize =
                    inspector->GetWorkgroupStorageSize(entryPoint.name);
                DAWN_INVALID_IF(workgroupStorageSize > limits.v1.maxComputeWorkgroupStorageSize,
                                "The total use of workgroup storage (%u bytes) is larger than "
                                "the maximum allowed (%u bytes).",
                                workgroupStorageSize, limits.v1.maxComputeWorkgroupStorageSize);

                metadata->localWorkgroupSize.x = entryPoint.workgroup_size_x;
                metadata->localWorkgroupSize.y = entryPoint.workgroup_size_y;
                metadata->localWorkgroupSize.z = entryPoint.workgroup_size_z;

                metadata->usesNumWorkgroups = entryPoint.num_workgroups_used;
            }

            if (metadata->stage == SingleShaderStage::Vertex) {
                for (const auto& inputVar : entryPoint.input_variables) {
                    DAWN_INVALID_IF(
                        !inputVar.has_location_decoration,
                        "Vertex input variable \"%s\" doesn't have a location decoration.",
                        inputVar.name);

                    uint32_t unsanitizedLocation = inputVar.location_decoration;
                    DAWN_INVALID_IF(unsanitizedLocation >= kMaxVertexAttributes,
                                    "Vertex input variable \"%s\" has a location (%u) that "
                                    "exceeds the maximum (%u)",
                                    inputVar.name, unsanitizedLocation, kMaxVertexAttributes);
                    VertexAttributeLocation location(static_cast<uint8_t>(unsanitizedLocation));

                    DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(
                        metadata->vertexInputBaseTypes[location],
                        TintComponentTypeToVertexFormatBaseType(inputVar.component_type));
                    metadata->usedVertexInputs.set(location);
                }

                // [[position]] must be declared in a vertex shader but is not exposed as an
                // output variable by Tint so we directly add its components to the total.
                uint32_t totalInterStageShaderComponents = 4;
                for (const auto& outputVar : entryPoint.output_variables) {
                    DAWN_INVALID_IF(
                        !outputVar.has_location_decoration,
                        "Vertex ouput variable \"%s\" doesn't have a location decoration.",
                        outputVar.name);

                    uint32_t location = outputVar.location_decoration;
                    DAWN_INVALID_IF(location > kMaxInterStageShaderLocation,
                                    "Vertex output variable \"%s\" has a location (%u) that "
                                    "exceeds the maximum (%u).",
                                    outputVar.name, location, kMaxInterStageShaderLocation);

                    metadata->usedInterStageVariables.set(location);
                    DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(
                        metadata->interStageVariables[location].baseType,
                        TintComponentTypeToInterStageComponentType(outputVar.component_type));
                    DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(
                        metadata->interStageVariables[location].componentCount,
                        TintCompositionTypeToInterStageComponentCount(outputVar.composition_type));
                    DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(
                        metadata->interStageVariables[location].interpolationType,
                        TintInterpolationTypeToInterpolationType(outputVar.interpolation_type));
                    DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(metadata->interStageVariables[location].interpolationSampling,
                                    TintInterpolationSamplingToInterpolationSamplingType(
                                        outputVar.interpolation_sampling));

                    totalInterStageShaderComponents +=
                        metadata->interStageVariables[location].componentCount;
                }

                DAWN_INVALID_IF(
                    totalInterStageShaderComponents > kMaxInterStageShaderComponents,
                    "Total vertex output components count (%u) exceeds the maximum (%u).",
                    totalInterStageShaderComponents, kMaxInterStageShaderComponents);
            }

            if (metadata->stage == SingleShaderStage::Fragment) {
                uint32_t totalInterStageShaderComponents = 0;
                for (const auto& inputVar : entryPoint.input_variables) {
                    DAWN_INVALID_IF(
                        !inputVar.has_location_decoration,
                        "Fragment input variable \"%s\" doesn't have a location decoration.",
                        inputVar.name);

                    uint32_t location = inputVar.location_decoration;
                    DAWN_INVALID_IF(location > kMaxInterStageShaderLocation,
                                    "Fragment input variable \"%s\" has a location (%u) that "
                                    "exceeds the maximum (%u).",
                                    inputVar.name, location, kMaxInterStageShaderLocation);

                    metadata->usedInterStageVariables.set(location);
                    DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(
                        metadata->interStageVariables[location].baseType,
                        TintComponentTypeToInterStageComponentType(inputVar.component_type));
                    DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(
                        metadata->interStageVariables[location].componentCount,
                        TintCompositionTypeToInterStageComponentCount(inputVar.composition_type));
                    DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(
                        metadata->interStageVariables[location].interpolationType,
                        TintInterpolationTypeToInterpolationType(inputVar.interpolation_type));
                    DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(metadata->interStageVariables[location].interpolationSampling,
                                    TintInterpolationSamplingToInterpolationSamplingType(
                                        inputVar.interpolation_sampling));

                    totalInterStageShaderComponents +=
                        metadata->interStageVariables[location].componentCount;
                }

                if (entryPoint.front_facing_used) {
                    totalInterStageShaderComponents += 1;
                }
                if (entryPoint.input_sample_mask_used) {
                    totalInterStageShaderComponents += 1;
                }
                if (entryPoint.sample_index_used) {
                    totalInterStageShaderComponents += 1;
                }
                if (entryPoint.input_position_used) {
                    totalInterStageShaderComponents += 4;
                }

                DAWN_INVALID_IF(
                    totalInterStageShaderComponents > kMaxInterStageShaderComponents,
                    "Total fragment input components count (%u) exceeds the maximum (%u).",
                    totalInterStageShaderComponents, kMaxInterStageShaderComponents);

                for (const auto& outputVar : entryPoint.output_variables) {
                    DAWN_INVALID_IF(
                        !outputVar.has_location_decoration,
                        "Fragment input variable \"%s\" doesn't have a location decoration.",
                        outputVar.name);

                    uint32_t unsanitizedAttachment = outputVar.location_decoration;
                    DAWN_INVALID_IF(unsanitizedAttachment >= kMaxColorAttachments,
                                    "Fragment output variable \"%s\" has a location (%u) that "
                                    "exceeds the maximum (%u).",
                                    outputVar.name, unsanitizedAttachment, kMaxColorAttachments);
                    ColorAttachmentIndex attachment(static_cast<uint8_t>(unsanitizedAttachment));

                    DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(
                        metadata->fragmentOutputVariables[attachment].baseType,
                        TintComponentTypeToTextureComponentType(outputVar.component_type));
                    uint32_t componentCount;
                    DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(componentCount, TintCompositionTypeToInterStageComponentCount(
                                                        outputVar.composition_type));
                    // componentCount should be no larger than 4u
                    ASSERT(componentCount <= 4u);
                    metadata->fragmentOutputVariables[attachment].componentCount = componentCount;
                    metadata->fragmentOutputsWritten.set(attachment);
                }
            }

            for (const tint::inspector::ResourceBinding& resource :
                 inspector->GetResourceBindings(entryPoint.name)) {
                DAWN_INVALID_IF(resource.bind_group >= kMaxBindGroups,
                                "The entry-point uses a binding with a group decoration (%u) "
                                "that exceeds the maximum (%u).",
                                resource.bind_group, kMaxBindGroups);

                BindingNumber bindingNumber(resource.binding);
                BindGroupIndex bindGroupIndex(resource.bind_group);

                DAWN_INVALID_IF(bindingNumber > kMaxBindingNumberTyped,
                                "Binding number (%u) exceeds the maximum binding number (%u).",
                                uint32_t(bindingNumber), uint32_t(kMaxBindingNumberTyped));

                const auto& [binding, inserted] =
                    metadata->bindings[bindGroupIndex].emplace(bindingNumber, ShaderBindingInfo{});
                DAWN_INVALID_IF(!inserted,
                                "Entry-point has a duplicate binding for (group:%u, binding:%u).",
                                resource.binding, resource.bind_group);

                ShaderBindingInfo* info = &binding->second;
                info->bindingType = TintResourceTypeToBindingInfoType(resource.resource_type);

                switch (info->bindingType) {
                    case BindingInfoType::Buffer:
                        info->buffer.minBindingSize = resource.size_no_padding;
                        DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(info->buffer.type, TintResourceTypeToBufferBindingType(
                                                               resource.resource_type));
                        break;
                    case BindingInfoType::Sampler:
                        switch (resource.resource_type) {
                            case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::ResourceType::kSampler:
                                info->sampler.isComparison = false;
                                break;
                            case tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::ResourceType::kComparisonSampler:
                                info->sampler.isComparison = true;
                                break;
                            default:
                                UNREACHABLE();
                        }
                        break;
                    case BindingInfoType::Texture:
                        info->texture.viewDimension =
                            TintTextureDimensionToTextureViewDimension(resource.dim);
                        if (resource.resource_type ==
                                tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::ResourceType::kDepthTexture ||
                            resource.resource_type == tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::
                                                          ResourceType::kDepthMultisampledTexture) {
                            info->texture.compatibleSampleTypes = SampleTypeBit::Depth;
                        } else {
                            info->texture.compatibleSampleTypes =
                                TintSampledKindToSampleTypeBit(resource.sampled_kind);
                        }
                        info->texture.multisampled =
                            resource.resource_type == tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::
                                                          ResourceType::kMultisampledTexture ||
                            resource.resource_type == tint::inspector::ResourceBinding::
                                                          ResourceType::kDepthMultisampledTexture;

                        break;
                    case BindingInfoType::StorageTexture:
                        DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(
                            info->storageTexture.access,
                            TintResourceTypeToStorageTextureAccess(resource.resource_type));
                        info->storageTexture.format =
                            TintImageFormatToTextureFormat(resource.image_format);
                        info->storageTexture.viewDimension =
                            TintTextureDimensionToTextureViewDimension(resource.dim);

                        break;
                    case BindingInfoType::ExternalTexture:
                        break;
                    default:
                        return DAWN_VALIDATION_ERROR("Unknown binding type in Shader");
                }
            }

            std::vector<tint::inspector::SamplerTexturePair> samplerTextureUses =
                inspector->GetSamplerTextureUses(entryPoint.name);
            metadata->samplerTexturePairs.reserve(samplerTextureUses.size());
            std::transform(samplerTextureUses.begin(), samplerTextureUses.end(),
                           std::back_inserter(metadata->samplerTexturePairs),
                           [](const tint::inspector::SamplerTexturePair& pair) {
                               EntryPointMetadata::SamplerTexturePair result;
                               result.sampler = {BindGroupIndex(pair.sampler_binding_point.group),
                                                 BindingNumber(pair.sampler_binding_point.binding)};
                               result.texture = {BindGroupIndex(pair.texture_binding_point.group),
                                                 BindingNumber(pair.texture_binding_point.binding)};
                               return result;
                           });

            return std::move(metadata);
        }

        ResultOrError<EntryPointMetadataTable> ReflectShaderUsingTint(
            const DeviceBase* device,
            const tint::Program* program) {
            ASSERT(program->IsValid());

            tint::inspector::Inspector inspector(program);
            std::vector<tint::inspector::EntryPoint> entryPoints = inspector.GetEntryPoints();
            DAWN_INVALID_IF(inspector.has_error(), "Tint Reflection failure: Inspector: %s\n",
                            inspector.error());

            EntryPointMetadataTable result;

            for (const tint::inspector::EntryPoint& entryPoint : entryPoints) {
                std::unique_ptr<EntryPointMetadata> metadata;
                DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN_CONTEXT(metadata,
                                        ReflectEntryPointUsingTint(device, &inspector, entryPoint),
                                        "processing entry point \"%s\".", entryPoint.name);

                ASSERT(result.count(entryPoint.name) == 0);
                result[entryPoint.name] = std::move(metadata);
            }
            return std::move(result);
        }
    }  // anonymous namespace

    ShaderModuleParseResult::ShaderModuleParseResult() = default;
    ShaderModuleParseResult::~ShaderModuleParseResult() = default;

    ShaderModuleParseResult::ShaderModuleParseResult(ShaderModuleParseResult&& rhs) = default;

    ShaderModuleParseResult& ShaderModuleParseResult::operator=(ShaderModuleParseResult&& rhs) =
        default;

    bool ShaderModuleParseResult::HasParsedShader() const {
        return tintProgram != nullptr;
    }

    // TintSource is a PIMPL container for a tint::Source::File, which needs to be kept alive for as
    // long as tint diagnostics are inspected / printed.
    class TintSource {
      public:
        template <typename... ARGS>
        TintSource(ARGS&&... args) : file(std::forward<ARGS>(args)...) {
        }

        tint::Source::File file;
    };

    MaybeError ValidateShaderModuleDescriptor(DeviceBase* device,
                                              const ShaderModuleDescriptor* descriptor,
                                              ShaderModuleParseResult* parseResult,
                                              OwnedCompilationMessages* outMessages) {
        ASSERT(parseResult != nullptr);

        const ChainedStruct* chainedDescriptor = descriptor->nextInChain;
        DAWN_INVALID_IF(chainedDescriptor == nullptr,
                        "Shader module descriptor missing chained descriptor");

        // For now only a single SPIRV or WGSL subdescriptor is allowed.
        DAWN_TRY(ValidateSingleSType(chainedDescriptor, wgpu::SType::ShaderModuleSPIRVDescriptor,
                                     wgpu::SType::ShaderModuleWGSLDescriptor));

        ScopedTintICEHandler scopedICEHandler(device);

        const ShaderModuleSPIRVDescriptor* spirvDesc = nullptr;
        FindInChain(chainedDescriptor, &spirvDesc);
        const ShaderModuleWGSLDescriptor* wgslDesc = nullptr;
        FindInChain(chainedDescriptor, &wgslDesc);

        // We have a temporary toggle to force the SPIRV ingestion to go through a WGSL
        // intermediate step. It is done by switching the spirvDesc for a wgslDesc below.
        ShaderModuleWGSLDescriptor newWgslDesc;
        std::string newWgslCode;
        if (spirvDesc && device->IsToggleEnabled(Toggle::ForceWGSLStep)) {
            std::vector<uint32_t> spirv(spirvDesc->code, spirvDesc->code + spirvDesc->codeSize);
            tint::Program program;
            DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(program, ParseSPIRV(spirv, outMessages));

            tint::writer::wgsl::Options options;
            auto result = tint::writer::wgsl::Generate(&program, options);
            DAWN_INVALID_IF(!result.success, "Tint WGSL failure: Generator: %s", result.error);

            newWgslCode = std::move(result.wgsl);
            newWgslDesc.source = newWgslCode.c_str();

            spirvDesc = nullptr;
            wgslDesc = &newWgslDesc;
        }

        if (spirvDesc) {
            DAWN_INVALID_IF(device->IsToggleEnabled(Toggle::DisallowSpirv),
                            "SPIR-V is disallowed.");

            std::vector<uint32_t> spirv(spirvDesc->code, spirvDesc->code + spirvDesc->codeSize);
            tint::Program program;
            DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(program, ParseSPIRV(spirv, outMessages));
            parseResult->tintProgram = std::make_unique<tint::Program>(std::move(program));
        } else if (wgslDesc) {
            auto tintSource = std::make_unique<TintSource>("", wgslDesc->source);

            if (device->IsToggleEnabled(Toggle::DumpShaders)) {
                std::ostringstream dumpedMsg;
                dumpedMsg << "// Dumped WGSL:" << std::endl << wgslDesc->source;
                device->EmitLog(WGPULoggingType_Info, dumpedMsg.str().c_str());
            }

            tint::Program program;
            DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(program, ParseWGSL(&tintSource->file, outMessages));
            parseResult->tintProgram = std::make_unique<tint::Program>(std::move(program));
            parseResult->tintSource = std::move(tintSource);
        }

        return {};
    }

    RequiredBufferSizes ComputeRequiredBufferSizesForLayout(const EntryPointMetadata& entryPoint,
                                                            const PipelineLayoutBase* layout) {
        RequiredBufferSizes bufferSizes;
        for (BindGroupIndex group : IterateBitSet(layout->GetBindGroupLayoutsMask())) {
            bufferSizes[group] = GetBindGroupMinBufferSizes(entryPoint.bindings[group],
                                                            layout->GetBindGroupLayout(group));
        }

        return bufferSizes;
    }

    ResultOrError<tint::Program> RunTransforms(tint::transform::Transform* transform,
                                               const tint::Program* program,
                                               const tint::transform::DataMap& inputs,
                                               tint::transform::DataMap* outputs,
                                               OwnedCompilationMessages* outMessages) {
        tint::transform::Output output = transform->Run(program, inputs);
        if (outMessages != nullptr) {
            outMessages->AddMessages(output.program.Diagnostics());
        }
        DAWN_INVALID_IF(!output.program.IsValid(), "Tint program failure: %s\n",
                        output.program.Diagnostics().str());
        if (outputs != nullptr) {
            *outputs = std::move(output.data);
        }
        return std::move(output.program);
    }

    void AddVertexPullingTransformConfig(const RenderPipelineBase& renderPipeline,
                                         const std::string& entryPoint,
                                         BindGroupIndex pullingBufferBindingSet,
                                         tint::transform::DataMap* transformInputs) {
        tint::transform::VertexPulling::Config cfg;
        cfg.entry_point_name = entryPoint;
        cfg.pulling_group = static_cast<uint32_t>(pullingBufferBindingSet);

        cfg.vertex_state.resize(renderPipeline.GetVertexBufferCount());
        for (VertexBufferSlot slot : IterateBitSet(renderPipeline.GetVertexBufferSlotsUsed())) {
            const VertexBufferInfo& dawnInfo = renderPipeline.GetVertexBuffer(slot);
            tint::transform::VertexBufferLayoutDescriptor* tintInfo =
                &cfg.vertex_state[static_cast<uint8_t>(slot)];

            tintInfo->array_stride = dawnInfo.arrayStride;
            tintInfo->step_mode = ToTintVertexStepMode(dawnInfo.stepMode);
        }

        for (VertexAttributeLocation location :
             IterateBitSet(renderPipeline.GetAttributeLocationsUsed())) {
            const VertexAttributeInfo& dawnInfo = renderPipeline.GetAttribute(location);
            tint::transform::VertexAttributeDescriptor tintInfo;
            tintInfo.format = ToTintVertexFormat(dawnInfo.format);
            tintInfo.offset = dawnInfo.offset;
            tintInfo.shader_location = static_cast<uint32_t>(static_cast<uint8_t>(location));

            uint8_t vertexBufferSlot = static_cast<uint8_t>(dawnInfo.vertexBufferSlot);
            cfg.vertex_state[vertexBufferSlot].attributes.push_back(tintInfo);
        }

        transformInputs->Add<tint::transform::VertexPulling::Config>(cfg);
    }

    MaybeError ValidateCompatibilityWithPipelineLayout(DeviceBase* device,
                                                       const EntryPointMetadata& entryPoint,
                                                       const PipelineLayoutBase* layout) {
        for (BindGroupIndex group : IterateBitSet(layout->GetBindGroupLayoutsMask())) {
            DAWN_TRY_CONTEXT(ValidateCompatibilityWithBindGroupLayout(
                                 device, group, entryPoint, layout->GetBindGroupLayout(group)),
                             "validating the entry-point's compatibility for group %u with %s",
                             static_cast<uint32_t>(group), layout->GetBindGroupLayout(group));
        }

        for (BindGroupIndex group : IterateBitSet(~layout->GetBindGroupLayoutsMask())) {
            DAWN_INVALID_IF(entryPoint.bindings[group].size() > 0,
                            "The entry-point uses bindings in group %u but %s doesn't have a "
                            "BindGroupLayout for this index",
                            static_cast<uint32_t>(group), layout);
        }

        // Validate that filtering samplers are not used with unfilterable textures.
        for (const auto& pair : entryPoint.samplerTexturePairs) {
            const BindGroupLayoutBase* samplerBGL = layout->GetBindGroupLayout(pair.sampler.group);
            const BindingInfo& samplerInfo =
                samplerBGL->GetBindingInfo(samplerBGL->GetBindingIndex(pair.sampler.binding));
            if (samplerInfo.sampler.type != wgpu::SamplerBindingType::Filtering) {
                continue;
            }
            const BindGroupLayoutBase* textureBGL = layout->GetBindGroupLayout(pair.texture.group);
            const BindingInfo& textureInfo =
                textureBGL->GetBindingInfo(textureBGL->GetBindingIndex(pair.texture.binding));

            ASSERT(textureInfo.bindingType != BindingInfoType::Buffer &&
                   textureInfo.bindingType != BindingInfoType::Sampler &&
                   textureInfo.bindingType != BindingInfoType::StorageTexture);

            if (textureInfo.bindingType != BindingInfoType::Texture) {
                continue;
            }

            // Uint/sint can't be statically used with a sampler, so they any
            // texture bindings reflected must be float or depth textures. If
            // the shader uses a float/depth texture but the bind group layout
            // specifies a uint/sint texture binding,
            // |ValidateCompatibilityWithBindGroupLayout| will fail since the
            // sampleType does not match.
            ASSERT(textureInfo.texture.sampleType != wgpu::TextureSampleType::Undefined &&
                   textureInfo.texture.sampleType != wgpu::TextureSampleType::Uint &&
                   textureInfo.texture.sampleType != wgpu::TextureSampleType::Sint);

            DAWN_INVALID_IF(
                textureInfo.texture.sampleType == wgpu::TextureSampleType::UnfilterableFloat,
                "Texture binding (group:%u, binding:%u) is %s but used statically with a sampler "
                "(group:%u, binding:%u) that's %s",
                static_cast<uint32_t>(pair.texture.group),
                static_cast<uint32_t>(pair.texture.binding),
                wgpu::TextureSampleType::UnfilterableFloat,
                static_cast<uint32_t>(pair.sampler.group),
                static_cast<uint32_t>(pair.sampler.binding), wgpu::SamplerBindingType::Filtering);
        }

        return {};
    }

    // ShaderModuleBase

    ShaderModuleBase::ShaderModuleBase(DeviceBase* device,
                                       const ShaderModuleDescriptor* descriptor,
                                       ApiObjectBase::UntrackedByDeviceTag tag)
        : ApiObjectBase(device, descriptor->label), mType(Type::Undefined) {
        ASSERT(descriptor->nextInChain != nullptr);
        const ShaderModuleSPIRVDescriptor* spirvDesc = nullptr;
        FindInChain(descriptor->nextInChain, &spirvDesc);
        const ShaderModuleWGSLDescriptor* wgslDesc = nullptr;
        FindInChain(descriptor->nextInChain, &wgslDesc);
        ASSERT(spirvDesc || wgslDesc);

        if (spirvDesc) {
            mType = Type::Spirv;
            mOriginalSpirv.assign(spirvDesc->code, spirvDesc->code + spirvDesc->codeSize);
        } else if (wgslDesc) {
            mType = Type::Wgsl;
            mWgsl = std::string(wgslDesc->source);
        }
    }

    ShaderModuleBase::ShaderModuleBase(DeviceBase* device, const ShaderModuleDescriptor* descriptor)
        : ShaderModuleBase(device, descriptor, kUntrackedByDevice) {
        TrackInDevice();
    }

    ShaderModuleBase::ShaderModuleBase(DeviceBase* device)
        : ApiObjectBase(device, kLabelNotImplemented) {
        TrackInDevice();
    }

    ShaderModuleBase::ShaderModuleBase(DeviceBase* device, ObjectBase::ErrorTag tag)
        : ApiObjectBase(device, tag), mType(Type::Undefined) {
    }

    ShaderModuleBase::~ShaderModuleBase() = default;

    void ShaderModuleBase::DestroyImpl() {
        if (IsCachedReference()) {
            // Do not uncache the actual cached object if we are a blueprint.
            GetDevice()->UncacheShaderModule(this);
        }
    }

    // static
    Ref<ShaderModuleBase> ShaderModuleBase::MakeError(DeviceBase* device) {
        return AcquireRef(new ShaderModuleBase(device, ObjectBase::kError));
    }

    ObjectType ShaderModuleBase::GetType() const {
        return ObjectType::ShaderModule;
    }

    bool ShaderModuleBase::HasEntryPoint(const std::string& entryPoint) const {
        return mEntryPoints.count(entryPoint) > 0;
    }

    const EntryPointMetadata& ShaderModuleBase::GetEntryPoint(const std::string& entryPoint) const {
        ASSERT(HasEntryPoint(entryPoint));
        return *mEntryPoints.at(entryPoint);
    }

    size_t ShaderModuleBase::ComputeContentHash() {
        ObjectContentHasher recorder;
        recorder.Record(mType);
        recorder.Record(mOriginalSpirv);
        recorder.Record(mWgsl);
        return recorder.GetContentHash();
    }

    bool ShaderModuleBase::EqualityFunc::operator()(const ShaderModuleBase* a,
                                                    const ShaderModuleBase* b) const {
        return a->mType == b->mType && a->mOriginalSpirv == b->mOriginalSpirv &&
               a->mWgsl == b->mWgsl;
    }

    const tint::Program* ShaderModuleBase::GetTintProgram() const {
        ASSERT(mTintProgram);
        return mTintProgram.get();
    }

    void ShaderModuleBase::APIGetCompilationInfo(wgpu::CompilationInfoCallback callback,
                                                 void* userdata) {
        if (callback == nullptr) {
            return;
        }

        callback(WGPUCompilationInfoRequestStatus_Success,
                 mCompilationMessages->GetCompilationInfo(), userdata);
    }

    void ShaderModuleBase::InjectCompilationMessages(
        std::unique_ptr<OwnedCompilationMessages> compilationMessages) {
        // TODO(dawn:944): ensure the InjectCompilationMessages is properly handled for shader
        // module returned from cache.
        // InjectCompilationMessages should be called only once for a shader module, after it is
        // created. However currently InjectCompilationMessages may be called on a shader module
        // returned from cache rather than newly created, and violate the rule. We just skip the
        // injection in this case for now, but a proper solution including ensure the cache goes
        // before the validation is required.
        if (mCompilationMessages != nullptr) {
            return;
        }
        // Move the compilationMessages into the shader module and emit the tint errors and warnings
        mCompilationMessages = std::move(compilationMessages);

        // Emit the formatted Tint errors and warnings within the moved compilationMessages
        const std::vector<std::string>& formattedTintMessages =
            mCompilationMessages->GetFormattedTintMessages();
        if (formattedTintMessages.empty()) {
            return;
        }
        std::ostringstream t;
        for (auto pMessage = formattedTintMessages.begin(); pMessage != formattedTintMessages.end();
             pMessage++) {
            if (pMessage != formattedTintMessages.begin()) {
                t << std::endl;
            }
            t << *pMessage;
        }
        this->GetDevice()->EmitLog(WGPULoggingType_Warning, t.str().c_str());
    }

    OwnedCompilationMessages* ShaderModuleBase::GetCompilationMessages() const {
        return mCompilationMessages.get();
    }

    // static
    void ShaderModuleBase::AddExternalTextureTransform(const PipelineLayoutBase* layout,
                                                       tint::transform::Manager* transformManager,
                                                       tint::transform::DataMap* transformInputs) {
        tint::transform::MultiplanarExternalTexture::BindingsMap newBindingsMap;
        for (BindGroupIndex i : IterateBitSet(layout->GetBindGroupLayoutsMask())) {
            const BindGroupLayoutBase* bgl = layout->GetBindGroupLayout(i);

            for (const auto& expansion : bgl->GetExternalTextureBindingExpansionMap()) {
                newBindingsMap[{static_cast<uint32_t>(i),
                                static_cast<uint32_t>(expansion.second.plane0)}] = {
                    {static_cast<uint32_t>(i), static_cast<uint32_t>(expansion.second.plane1)},
                    {static_cast<uint32_t>(i), static_cast<uint32_t>(expansion.second.params)}};
            }
        }

        if (!newBindingsMap.empty()) {
            transformManager->Add<tint::transform::MultiplanarExternalTexture>();
            transformInputs->Add<tint::transform::MultiplanarExternalTexture::NewBindingPoints>(
                newBindingsMap);
        }
    }

    MaybeError ShaderModuleBase::InitializeBase(ShaderModuleParseResult* parseResult) {
        mTintProgram = std::move(parseResult->tintProgram);
        mTintSource = std::move(parseResult->tintSource);

        DAWN_TRY_ASSIGN(mEntryPoints, ReflectShaderUsingTint(GetDevice(), mTintProgram.get()));
        return {};
    }

    size_t PipelineLayoutEntryPointPairHashFunc::operator()(
        const PipelineLayoutEntryPointPair& pair) const {
        size_t hash = 0;
        HashCombine(&hash, pair.first, pair.second);
        return hash;
    }

}  // namespace dawn::native