// Copyright 2020 The Dawn & Tint Authors
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
//
// 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
//    list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//
// 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
//    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
//    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
//
// 3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
//    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
//    this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
// AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
// DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
// FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
// DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
// SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
// CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
// OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

#include <string>
#include <vector>

#include "dawn/common/Assert.h"
#include "dawn/tests/unittests/validation/ValidationTest.h"
#include "dawn/utils/ComboRenderPipelineDescriptor.h"
#include "dawn/utils/TextureUtils.h"
#include "dawn/utils/WGPUHelpers.h"

namespace dawn {
namespace {

class StorageTextureValidationTests : public ValidationTest {
  protected:
    void SetUp() override {
        ValidationTest::SetUp();

        mDefaultVSModule = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
            @vertex fn main() -> @builtin(position) vec4f {
                return vec4f(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
            })");
        mDefaultFSModule = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
            @fragment fn main() -> @location(0) vec4f {
                return vec4f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
            })");
    }

    static const char* GetFloatImageTypeDeclaration(wgpu::TextureViewDimension dimension) {
        switch (dimension) {
            case wgpu::TextureViewDimension::e1D:
                return "texture_storage_1d";
            case wgpu::TextureViewDimension::e2D:
                return "texture_storage_2d";
            case wgpu::TextureViewDimension::e2DArray:
                return "texture_storage_2d_array";
            case wgpu::TextureViewDimension::e3D:
                return "texture_storage_3d";
            case wgpu::TextureViewDimension::Cube:
                return "texture_storage_cube";  // Note: Doesn't exist in WGSL (yet)
            case wgpu::TextureViewDimension::CubeArray:
                return "texture_storage_cube_array";  // Note: Doesn't exist in WGSL (yet)
            case wgpu::TextureViewDimension::Undefined:
            default:
                DAWN_UNREACHABLE();
                return "";
        }
    }

    static std::string CreateComputeShaderWithStorageTexture(
        wgpu::StorageTextureAccess storageTextureBindingType,
        wgpu::TextureFormat textureFormat,
        wgpu::TextureViewDimension textureViewDimension = wgpu::TextureViewDimension::e2D) {
        return CreateShaderWithStorageTexture(storageTextureBindingType, textureFormat,
                                              GetFloatImageTypeDeclaration(textureViewDimension));
    }

    static std::string CreateShaderWithStorageTexture(
        wgpu::StorageTextureAccess storageTextureBindingType,
        wgpu::TextureFormat textureFormat,
        const char* imageTypeDeclaration = "texture_storage_2d",
        wgpu::ShaderStage shaderStage = wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute) {
        const char* access = "";
        switch (storageTextureBindingType) {
            case wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::WriteOnly:
                access = "write";
                break;
            case wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadOnly:
                access = "read";
                break;
            case wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadWrite:
                access = "read_write";
                break;
            default:
                DAWN_UNREACHABLE();
        }
        const char* shaderStageDeclaration = "";
        switch (shaderStage) {
            case wgpu::ShaderStage::Vertex:
                shaderStageDeclaration = "@vertex";
                break;
            case wgpu::ShaderStage::Fragment:
                shaderStageDeclaration = "@fragment";
                break;
            case wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute:
                shaderStageDeclaration = "@compute @workgroup_size(1)";
                break;
            default:
                DAWN_UNREACHABLE();
        }

        std::ostringstream ostream;
        ostream << "@group(0) @binding(0) var image0 : " << imageTypeDeclaration << "<"
                << utils::GetWGSLImageFormatQualifier(textureFormat) << ", " << access << ">;\n"
                << shaderStageDeclaration << " fn main()";
        if (shaderStage == wgpu::ShaderStage::Vertex) {
            ostream << " -> @builtin(position) vec4f ";
        }

        ostream << "{\n"
                   "    _ = textureDimensions(image0);\n";
        if (shaderStage == wgpu::ShaderStage::Vertex) {
            ostream << "    return vec4f(0.0);";
        }
        ostream << "}\n";

        return ostream.str();
    }

    wgpu::Texture CreateTexture(wgpu::TextureUsage usage,
                                wgpu::TextureFormat format,
                                uint32_t sampleCount = 1,
                                uint32_t arrayLayerCount = 1,
                                wgpu::TextureDimension dimension = wgpu::TextureDimension::e2D) {
        constexpr uint32_t kWidth = 16u;
        uint32_t height = dimension == wgpu::TextureDimension::e1D ? 1 : kWidth;
        wgpu::TextureDescriptor descriptor;
        descriptor.dimension = dimension;
        descriptor.size = {kWidth, height, arrayLayerCount};
        descriptor.sampleCount = sampleCount;
        descriptor.format = format;
        descriptor.mipLevelCount = 1;
        descriptor.usage = usage;
        return device.CreateTexture(&descriptor);
    }

    struct BindGroupLayoutTestSpec {
        wgpu::ShaderStage stage = wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute;
        wgpu::StorageTextureAccess type;
        bool valid;
        wgpu::TextureFormat storageTextureFormat = wgpu::TextureFormat::R32Uint;
    };

    void DoBindGroupLayoutTest(const std::vector<BindGroupLayoutTestSpec>& testSpecs) {
        for (const auto& testSpec : testSpecs) {
            wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry entry = utils::BindingLayoutEntryInitializationHelper(
                0, testSpec.stage, testSpec.type, testSpec.storageTextureFormat);

            wgpu::BindGroupLayoutDescriptor descriptor;
            descriptor.entryCount = 1;
            descriptor.entries = &entry;

            if (testSpec.valid) {
                device.CreateBindGroupLayout(&descriptor);
            } else {
                ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(device.CreateBindGroupLayout(&descriptor));
            }
        }
    }

    wgpu::ShaderModule mDefaultVSModule;
    wgpu::ShaderModule mDefaultFSModule;

    const std::array<wgpu::StorageTextureAccess, 1> kSupportedStorageTextureAccess = {
        wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::WriteOnly};
};

// Validate read-only storage textures can be declared in vertex and fragment shaders, while
// writeonly storage textures cannot be used in vertex shaders.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, RenderPipeline) {
    // Write-only storage textures cannot be declared in a vertex shader.
    {
        wgpu::ShaderModule vsModule = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
            @group(0) @binding(0) var image0 : texture_storage_2d<rgba8unorm, write>;
            @vertex
            fn main(@builtin(vertex_index) vertex_index : u32) -> @builtin(position) vec4f {
                textureStore(image0, vec2i(i32(vertex_index), 0), vec4f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0));
                return vec4f(0.0);
            })");

        utils::ComboRenderPipelineDescriptor descriptor;
        descriptor.layout = nullptr;
        descriptor.vertex.module = vsModule;
        descriptor.cFragment.module = mDefaultFSModule;
        ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(device.CreateRenderPipeline(&descriptor));
    }

    // Write-only storage textures can be declared in a fragment shader.
    {
        wgpu::ShaderModule fsModule = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
            @group(0) @binding(0) var image0 : texture_storage_2d<rgba8unorm, write>;
            @fragment fn main(@builtin(position) position : vec4f) {
                textureStore(image0, vec2i(position.xy), vec4f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0));
            })");

        utils::ComboRenderPipelineDescriptor descriptor;
        descriptor.layout = nullptr;
        descriptor.vertex.module = mDefaultVSModule;
        descriptor.cFragment.module = fsModule;
        descriptor.cTargets[0].writeMask = wgpu::ColorWriteMask::None;
        device.CreateRenderPipeline(&descriptor);
    }
}

// Validate both read-only and write-only storage textures can be declared in compute shaders.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, ComputePipeline) {
    // Write-only storage textures can be declared in a compute shader.
    {
        wgpu::ShaderModule csModule = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
            @group(0) @binding(0) var image0 : texture_storage_2d<rgba8unorm, write>;

            @compute @workgroup_size(1)
            fn main(@builtin(local_invocation_id) LocalInvocationID : vec3u) {
                textureStore(image0, vec2i(LocalInvocationID.xy), vec4f(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0));
            })");

        wgpu::ComputePipelineDescriptor descriptor;
        descriptor.layout = nullptr;
        descriptor.compute.module = csModule;

        device.CreateComputePipeline(&descriptor);
    }
}

// Validate read-only, write-only and read-write storage textures are supported in shader modules.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, ReadWriteStorageTexture) {
    constexpr std::array<wgpu::StorageTextureAccess, 2> kStorageTextureAccesses = {
        {wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadOnly, wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadWrite}};
    constexpr std::array<wgpu::ShaderStage, 3> kShaderStages = {
        {wgpu::ShaderStage::Vertex, wgpu::ShaderStage::Fragment, wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute}};

    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess access : kStorageTextureAccesses) {
        for (wgpu::ShaderStage shaderStage : kShaderStages) {
            std::string shader = CreateShaderWithStorageTexture(
                access, wgpu::TextureFormat::R32Float, "texture_storage_2d", shaderStage);
            utils::CreateShaderModule(device, shader.c_str());
        }
    }
}

// Validate it is an error to declare a read-only or write-only storage texture in shaders with any
// format that doesn't support TextureUsage::StorageBinding texture usages.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, StorageTextureFormatInShaders) {
    // Not include RGBA8UnormSrgb, BGRA8UnormSrgb because they are neither related to any SPIR-V
    // Image Formats nor WGSL texture formats.
    constexpr std::array<wgpu::TextureFormat, 34> kWGPUTextureFormatSupportedAsSPIRVImageFormats = {
        wgpu::TextureFormat::R32Uint,       wgpu::TextureFormat::R32Sint,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::R32Float,      wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA8Unorm,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA8Snorm,    wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA8Uint,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA8Sint,     wgpu::TextureFormat::RG32Uint,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::RG32Sint,      wgpu::TextureFormat::RG32Float,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA16Uint,    wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA16Sint,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA16Float,   wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA32Uint,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA32Sint,    wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA32Float,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::R8Unorm,       wgpu::TextureFormat::R8Snorm,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::R8Uint,        wgpu::TextureFormat::R8Sint,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::R16Uint,       wgpu::TextureFormat::R16Sint,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::R16Float,      wgpu::TextureFormat::RG8Unorm,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::RG8Snorm,      wgpu::TextureFormat::RG8Uint,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::RG8Sint,       wgpu::TextureFormat::RG16Uint,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::RG16Sint,      wgpu::TextureFormat::RG16Float,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::RGB10A2Uint,   wgpu::TextureFormat::RGB10A2Unorm,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::RG11B10Ufloat, wgpu::TextureFormat::BGRA8Unorm};

    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess storageTextureBindingType : kSupportedStorageTextureAccess) {
        for (wgpu::TextureFormat format : kWGPUTextureFormatSupportedAsSPIRVImageFormats) {
            std::string computeShader =
                CreateComputeShaderWithStorageTexture(storageTextureBindingType, format);
            if (utils::TextureFormatSupportsStorageTexture(format, device,
                                                           UseCompatibilityMode())) {
                utils::CreateShaderModule(device, computeShader.c_str());
            } else {
                ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(utils::CreateShaderModule(device, computeShader.c_str()));
            }
        }
    }
}

class BGRA8UnormStorageTextureInShaderValidationTests : public StorageTextureValidationTests {
  protected:
    WGPUDevice CreateTestDevice(native::Adapter dawnAdapter,
                                wgpu::DeviceDescriptor descriptor) override {
        wgpu::FeatureName requiredFeatures[1] = {wgpu::FeatureName::BGRA8UnormStorage};
        descriptor.requiredFeatures = requiredFeatures;
        descriptor.requiredFeatureCount = 1;
        return dawnAdapter.CreateDevice(&descriptor);
    }
};

// Test that 'bgra8unorm' is a valid storage texture format if 'bgra8unorm-storage' is enabled.
TEST_F(BGRA8UnormStorageTextureInShaderValidationTests, BGRA8UnormAsStorageInShader) {
    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess storageTextureBindingType : kSupportedStorageTextureAccess) {
        std::string computeShader = CreateComputeShaderWithStorageTexture(
            storageTextureBindingType, wgpu::TextureFormat::BGRA8Unorm);
        utils::CreateShaderModule(device, computeShader.c_str());
    }
}

// Verify that declaring a storage texture format that is not supported in WebGPU causes validation
// error.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, UnsupportedWGSLStorageTextureFormat) {
    constexpr std::array<wgpu::TextureFormat, 16> kUnsupportedTextureFormats = {
        wgpu::TextureFormat::R8Unorm,      wgpu::TextureFormat::R8Snorm,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::R8Uint,       wgpu::TextureFormat::R8Sint,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::R16Uint,      wgpu::TextureFormat::R16Sint,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::R16Float,     wgpu::TextureFormat::RG8Unorm,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::RG8Snorm,     wgpu::TextureFormat::RG8Uint,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::RG8Sint,      wgpu::TextureFormat::RG16Uint,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::RG16Sint,     wgpu::TextureFormat::RG16Float,
        wgpu::TextureFormat::RGB10A2Unorm, wgpu::TextureFormat::RG11B10Ufloat,
    };

    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess bindingType : kSupportedStorageTextureAccess) {
        for (wgpu::TextureFormat format : kUnsupportedTextureFormats) {
            std::string computeShader = CreateComputeShaderWithStorageTexture(bindingType, format);
            ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(utils::CreateShaderModule(device, computeShader.c_str()));
        }
    }
}

// Verify that declaring a storage texture dimension that isn't supported by
// WebGPU causes a compile failure. WebGPU doesn't support using cube map
// texture views and cube map array texture views as storage textures.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, UnsupportedTextureViewDimensionInShader) {
    constexpr std::array<wgpu::TextureViewDimension, 2> kUnsupportedTextureViewDimensions = {
        wgpu::TextureViewDimension::Cube, wgpu::TextureViewDimension::CubeArray};
    constexpr wgpu::TextureFormat kFormat = wgpu::TextureFormat::R32Float;

    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess bindingType : kSupportedStorageTextureAccess) {
        for (wgpu::TextureViewDimension dimension : kUnsupportedTextureViewDimensions) {
            std::string computeShader =
                CreateComputeShaderWithStorageTexture(bindingType, kFormat, dimension);
            ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(utils::CreateShaderModule(device, computeShader.c_str()));
        }
    }
}

// Verify that declaring a texture view dimension that is not supported to be used as storage
// textures in WebGPU in bind group layout causes validation error. WebGPU doesn't support using
// cube map texture views and cube map array texture views as storage textures.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, UnsupportedTextureViewDimensionInBindGroupLayout) {
    constexpr std::array<wgpu::TextureViewDimension, 2> kUnsupportedTextureViewDimensions = {
        wgpu::TextureViewDimension::Cube, wgpu::TextureViewDimension::CubeArray};
    constexpr wgpu::TextureFormat kFormat = wgpu::TextureFormat::R32Float;

    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess bindingType : kSupportedStorageTextureAccess) {
        for (wgpu::TextureViewDimension dimension : kUnsupportedTextureViewDimensions) {
            ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(
                device, {{0, wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute, bindingType, kFormat, dimension}}));
        }
    }
}

// Verify when we create and use a bind group layout with storage textures in the creation of
// render and compute pipeline, the binding type in the bind group layout must match the
// declaration in the shader.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, BindGroupLayoutEntryTypeMatchesShaderDeclaration) {
    constexpr wgpu::TextureFormat kStorageTextureFormat = wgpu::TextureFormat::R32Float;

    std::initializer_list<utils::BindingLayoutEntryInitializationHelper> kSupportedBindingTypes = {
        {0, wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute, wgpu::BufferBindingType::Uniform},
        {0, wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute, wgpu::BufferBindingType::Storage},
        {0, wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute, wgpu::BufferBindingType::ReadOnlyStorage},
        {0, wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute, wgpu::SamplerBindingType::Filtering},
        {0, wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute, wgpu::TextureSampleType::Float},
        {0, wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute, wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::WriteOnly,
         kStorageTextureFormat}};

    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess bindingTypeInShader : kSupportedStorageTextureAccess) {
        // Create the compute shader with the given binding type.
        std::string computeShader =
            CreateComputeShaderWithStorageTexture(bindingTypeInShader, kStorageTextureFormat);
        wgpu::ShaderModule csModule = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, computeShader.c_str());

        // Set common fields of compute pipeline descriptor.
        wgpu::ComputePipelineDescriptor defaultComputePipelineDescriptor;
        defaultComputePipelineDescriptor.compute.module = csModule;

        for (utils::BindingLayoutEntryInitializationHelper bindingLayoutEntry :
             kSupportedBindingTypes) {
            wgpu::ComputePipelineDescriptor computePipelineDescriptor =
                defaultComputePipelineDescriptor;

            // Create bind group layout with different binding types.
            wgpu::BindGroupLayout bindGroupLayout =
                utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(device, {bindingLayoutEntry});
            computePipelineDescriptor.layout =
                utils::MakeBasicPipelineLayout(device, &bindGroupLayout);

            // The binding type in the bind group layout must the same as the related image object
            // declared in shader.
            if (bindingLayoutEntry.storageTexture.access == bindingTypeInShader) {
                device.CreateComputePipeline(&computePipelineDescriptor);
            } else {
                ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(device.CreateComputePipeline(&computePipelineDescriptor));
            }
        }
    }
}

// Verify it is invalid not to set a valid texture format in a bind group layout when the binding
// type is read-only or write-only storage texture.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, UndefinedStorageTextureFormatInBindGroupLayout) {
    wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry errorBindGroupLayoutEntry;
    errorBindGroupLayoutEntry.binding = 0;
    errorBindGroupLayoutEntry.visibility = wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute;
    errorBindGroupLayoutEntry.storageTexture.format = wgpu::TextureFormat::Undefined;

    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess bindingType : kSupportedStorageTextureAccess) {
        errorBindGroupLayoutEntry.storageTexture.access = bindingType;
        ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(device, {errorBindGroupLayoutEntry}));
    }
}

// Verify it is invalid to create a bind group layout with storage textures and an unsupported
// storage texture format.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, StorageTextureFormatInBindGroupLayout) {
    wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry defaultBindGroupLayoutEntry;
    defaultBindGroupLayoutEntry.binding = 0;
    defaultBindGroupLayoutEntry.visibility = wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute;

    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess bindingType : kSupportedStorageTextureAccess) {
        for (wgpu::TextureFormat textureFormat : utils::kAllTextureFormats) {
            wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry bindGroupLayoutBinding = defaultBindGroupLayoutEntry;
            bindGroupLayoutBinding.storageTexture.access = bindingType;
            bindGroupLayoutBinding.storageTexture.format = textureFormat;
            if (utils::TextureFormatSupportsStorageTexture(textureFormat, device,
                                                           UseCompatibilityMode())) {
                utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(device, {bindGroupLayoutBinding});
            } else {
                ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(device, {bindGroupLayoutBinding}));
            }
        }
    }
}

class BGRA8UnormStorageBindGroupLayoutTest : public StorageTextureValidationTests {
  protected:
    WGPUDevice CreateTestDevice(native::Adapter dawnAdapter,
                                wgpu::DeviceDescriptor descriptor) override {
        wgpu::FeatureName requiredFeatures[1] = {wgpu::FeatureName::BGRA8UnormStorage};
        descriptor.requiredFeatures = requiredFeatures;
        descriptor.requiredFeatureCount = 1;
        return dawnAdapter.CreateDevice(&descriptor);
    }
};

// Test that creating a bind group layout with BGRA8Unorm as storage texture format is valid when
// The optional feature bgra8unorm-storage is supported.
TEST_F(BGRA8UnormStorageBindGroupLayoutTest, BGRA8UnormAsStorage) {
    wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry bindGroupLayoutBinding;
    bindGroupLayoutBinding.binding = 0;
    bindGroupLayoutBinding.visibility = wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute;
    bindGroupLayoutBinding.storageTexture.format = wgpu::TextureFormat::BGRA8Unorm;
    bindGroupLayoutBinding.storageTexture.viewDimension = wgpu::TextureViewDimension::e2D;

    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess bindingType : kSupportedStorageTextureAccess) {
        bindGroupLayoutBinding.storageTexture.access = bindingType;
        utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(device, {bindGroupLayoutBinding});
    }
}

// Verify the storage texture format in the bind group layout must match the declaration in shader.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, BindGroupLayoutStorageTextureFormatMatchesShaderDeclaration) {
    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess bindingType : kSupportedStorageTextureAccess) {
        for (wgpu::TextureFormat storageTextureFormatInShader : utils::kAllTextureFormats) {
            if (!utils::TextureFormatSupportsStorageTexture(storageTextureFormatInShader, device,
                                                            UseCompatibilityMode())) {
                continue;
            }

            // Create the compute shader module with the given binding type and storage texture
            // format.
            std::string computeShader =
                CreateComputeShaderWithStorageTexture(bindingType, storageTextureFormatInShader);
            wgpu::ShaderModule csModule = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, computeShader.c_str());

            // Set common fields of compute pipeline descriptor.
            wgpu::ComputePipelineDescriptor defaultComputePipelineDescriptor;
            defaultComputePipelineDescriptor.compute.module = csModule;

            // Set common fileds of bind group layout binding.
            utils::BindingLayoutEntryInitializationHelper defaultBindGroupLayoutEntry = {
                0, wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute, bindingType, utils::kAllTextureFormats[0]};

            for (wgpu::TextureFormat storageTextureFormatInBindGroupLayout :
                 utils::kAllTextureFormats) {
                if (!utils::TextureFormatSupportsStorageTexture(
                        storageTextureFormatInBindGroupLayout, device, UseCompatibilityMode())) {
                    continue;
                }

                // Create the bind group layout with the given storage texture format.
                wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry bindGroupLayoutBinding = defaultBindGroupLayoutEntry;
                bindGroupLayoutBinding.storageTexture.format =
                    storageTextureFormatInBindGroupLayout;
                wgpu::BindGroupLayout bindGroupLayout =
                    utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(device, {bindGroupLayoutBinding});

                // Create the compute pipeline with the bind group layout.
                wgpu::ComputePipelineDescriptor computePipelineDescriptor =
                    defaultComputePipelineDescriptor;
                computePipelineDescriptor.layout =
                    utils::MakeBasicPipelineLayout(device, &bindGroupLayout);

                // The storage texture format in the bind group layout must be the same as the one
                // declared in the shader.
                if (storageTextureFormatInShader == storageTextureFormatInBindGroupLayout) {
                    device.CreateComputePipeline(&computePipelineDescriptor);
                } else {
                    ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(device.CreateComputePipeline(&computePipelineDescriptor));
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

// Verify the dimension of the bind group layout with storage textures must match the one declared
// in shader.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, BindGroupLayoutViewDimensionMatchesShaderDeclaration) {
    constexpr std::array<wgpu::TextureViewDimension, 4> kSupportedDimensions = {
        wgpu::TextureViewDimension::e1D, wgpu::TextureViewDimension::e2D,
        wgpu::TextureViewDimension::e2DArray, wgpu::TextureViewDimension::e3D};
    constexpr wgpu::TextureFormat kStorageTextureFormat = wgpu::TextureFormat::R32Float;

    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess bindingType : kSupportedStorageTextureAccess) {
        for (wgpu::TextureViewDimension dimensionInShader : kSupportedDimensions) {
            // Create the compute shader with the given texture view dimension.
            std::string computeShader = CreateComputeShaderWithStorageTexture(
                bindingType, kStorageTextureFormat, dimensionInShader);
            wgpu::ShaderModule csModule = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, computeShader.c_str());

            // Set common fields of compute pipeline descriptor.
            wgpu::ComputePipelineDescriptor defaultComputePipelineDescriptor;
            defaultComputePipelineDescriptor.compute.module = csModule;

            // Set common fields of bind group layout binding.
            utils::BindingLayoutEntryInitializationHelper defaultBindGroupLayoutEntry = {
                0, wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute, bindingType, kStorageTextureFormat};

            for (wgpu::TextureViewDimension dimensionInBindGroupLayout : kSupportedDimensions) {
                // Create the bind group layout with the given texture view dimension.
                wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry bindGroupLayoutBinding = defaultBindGroupLayoutEntry;
                bindGroupLayoutBinding.storageTexture.viewDimension = dimensionInBindGroupLayout;
                wgpu::BindGroupLayout bindGroupLayout =
                    utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(device, {bindGroupLayoutBinding});

                // Create the compute pipeline with the bind group layout.
                wgpu::ComputePipelineDescriptor computePipelineDescriptor =
                    defaultComputePipelineDescriptor;
                computePipelineDescriptor.layout =
                    utils::MakeBasicPipelineLayout(device, &bindGroupLayout);

                // The texture dimension in the bind group layout must be the same as the one
                // declared in the shader.
                if (dimensionInShader == dimensionInBindGroupLayout) {
                    device.CreateComputePipeline(&computePipelineDescriptor);
                } else {
                    ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(device.CreateComputePipeline(&computePipelineDescriptor));
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

// Verify that only a texture view can be used as a read-only or write-only storage texture in a
// bind group.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, StorageTextureBindingTypeInBindGroup) {
    constexpr wgpu::TextureFormat kStorageTextureFormat = wgpu::TextureFormat::R32Float;
    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess storageBindingType : kSupportedStorageTextureAccess) {
        // Create a bind group layout.
        wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry bindGroupLayoutBinding;
        bindGroupLayoutBinding.binding = 0;
        bindGroupLayoutBinding.visibility = wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute;
        bindGroupLayoutBinding.storageTexture.access = storageBindingType;
        bindGroupLayoutBinding.storageTexture.format = kStorageTextureFormat;
        wgpu::BindGroupLayout bindGroupLayout =
            utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(device, {bindGroupLayoutBinding});

        // Buffers are not allowed to be used as storage textures in a bind group.
        {
            wgpu::BufferDescriptor descriptor;
            descriptor.size = 1024;
            descriptor.usage = wgpu::BufferUsage::Uniform;
            wgpu::Buffer buffer = device.CreateBuffer(&descriptor);
            ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(utils::MakeBindGroup(device, bindGroupLayout, {{0, buffer}}));
        }

        // Samplers are not allowed to be used as storage textures in a bind group.
        {
            wgpu::Sampler sampler = device.CreateSampler();
            ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(utils::MakeBindGroup(device, bindGroupLayout, {{0, sampler}}));
        }

        // Texture views are allowed to be used as storage textures in a bind group.
        {
            wgpu::TextureView textureView =
                CreateTexture(wgpu::TextureUsage::StorageBinding, kStorageTextureFormat)
                    .CreateView();
            utils::MakeBindGroup(device, bindGroupLayout, {{0, textureView}});
        }
    }
}

// Verify that a texture used as read-only or write-only storage texture in a bind group must be
// created with the texture usage wgpu::TextureUsage::StorageBinding.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, StorageTextureUsageInBindGroup) {
    constexpr wgpu::TextureFormat kStorageTextureFormat = wgpu::TextureFormat::R32Float;
    constexpr std::array<wgpu::TextureUsage, 5> kTextureUsages = {
        wgpu::TextureUsage::CopySrc, wgpu::TextureUsage::CopyDst,
        wgpu::TextureUsage::TextureBinding, wgpu::TextureUsage::StorageBinding,
        wgpu::TextureUsage::RenderAttachment};

    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess storageBindingType : kSupportedStorageTextureAccess) {
        // Create a bind group layout.
        wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry bindGroupLayoutBinding;
        bindGroupLayoutBinding.binding = 0;
        bindGroupLayoutBinding.visibility = wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute;
        bindGroupLayoutBinding.storageTexture.access = storageBindingType;
        bindGroupLayoutBinding.storageTexture.format = wgpu::TextureFormat::R32Float;
        wgpu::BindGroupLayout bindGroupLayout =
            utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(device, {bindGroupLayoutBinding});

        for (wgpu::TextureUsage usage : kTextureUsages) {
            // Create texture views with different texture usages
            wgpu::TextureView textureView =
                CreateTexture(usage, kStorageTextureFormat).CreateView();

            // Verify that the texture used as storage texture must be created with the texture
            // usage wgpu::TextureUsage::StorageBinding.
            if (usage & wgpu::TextureUsage::StorageBinding) {
                utils::MakeBindGroup(device, bindGroupLayout, {{0, textureView}});
            } else {
                ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(
                    utils::MakeBindGroup(device, bindGroupLayout, {{0, textureView}}));
            }
        }
    }
}

// Verify that the format of a texture used as read-only or write-only storage texture in a bind
// group must match the corresponding bind group binding.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, StorageTextureFormatInBindGroup) {
    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess storageBindingType : kSupportedStorageTextureAccess) {
        wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry defaultBindGroupLayoutEntry;
        defaultBindGroupLayoutEntry.binding = 0;
        defaultBindGroupLayoutEntry.visibility = wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute;
        defaultBindGroupLayoutEntry.storageTexture.access = storageBindingType;

        for (wgpu::TextureFormat formatInBindGroupLayout : utils::kAllTextureFormats) {
            if (!utils::TextureFormatSupportsStorageTexture(formatInBindGroupLayout, device,
                                                            UseCompatibilityMode())) {
                continue;
            }

            // Create a bind group layout with given storage texture format.
            wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry bindGroupLayoutBinding = defaultBindGroupLayoutEntry;
            bindGroupLayoutBinding.storageTexture.format = formatInBindGroupLayout;
            wgpu::BindGroupLayout bindGroupLayout =
                utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(device, {bindGroupLayoutBinding});

            for (wgpu::TextureFormat textureViewFormat : utils::kAllTextureFormats) {
                if (!utils::TextureFormatSupportsStorageTexture(textureViewFormat, device,
                                                                UseCompatibilityMode())) {
                    continue;
                }

                // Create texture views with different texture formats.
                wgpu::TextureView storageTextureView =
                    CreateTexture(wgpu::TextureUsage::StorageBinding, textureViewFormat)
                        .CreateView();

                // Verify that the format of the texture view used as storage texture in a bind
                // group must match the storage texture format declaration in the bind group layout.
                if (textureViewFormat == formatInBindGroupLayout) {
                    utils::MakeBindGroup(device, bindGroupLayout, {{0, storageTextureView}});
                } else {
                    ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(
                        utils::MakeBindGroup(device, bindGroupLayout, {{0, storageTextureView}}));
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

// Verify that the dimension of a texture view used as read-only or write-only storage texture in a
// bind group must match the corresponding bind group binding.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, StorageTextureViewDimensionInBindGroup) {
    constexpr wgpu::TextureFormat kStorageTextureFormat = wgpu::TextureFormat::R32Float;
    constexpr uint32_t kDepthOrArrayLayers = 6u;

    constexpr std::array kSupportedDimensions = {
        wgpu::TextureViewDimension::e1D, wgpu::TextureViewDimension::e2D,
        wgpu::TextureViewDimension::e2DArray, wgpu::TextureViewDimension::e3D};

    wgpu::TextureViewDescriptor kDefaultTextureViewDescriptor;
    kDefaultTextureViewDescriptor.format = kStorageTextureFormat;
    kDefaultTextureViewDescriptor.baseMipLevel = 0;
    kDefaultTextureViewDescriptor.mipLevelCount = 1;
    kDefaultTextureViewDescriptor.baseArrayLayer = 0;
    kDefaultTextureViewDescriptor.arrayLayerCount = 1u;

    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess storageBindingType : kSupportedStorageTextureAccess) {
        wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry defaultBindGroupLayoutEntry;
        defaultBindGroupLayoutEntry.binding = 0;
        defaultBindGroupLayoutEntry.visibility = wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute;
        defaultBindGroupLayoutEntry.storageTexture.access = storageBindingType;
        defaultBindGroupLayoutEntry.storageTexture.format = kStorageTextureFormat;

        for (wgpu::TextureViewDimension dimensionInBindGroupLayout : kSupportedDimensions) {
            // Create a bind group layout with given texture view dimension.
            wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry bindGroupLayoutBinding = defaultBindGroupLayoutEntry;
            bindGroupLayoutBinding.storageTexture.viewDimension = dimensionInBindGroupLayout;
            wgpu::BindGroupLayout bindGroupLayout =
                utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(device, {bindGroupLayoutBinding});

            for (wgpu::TextureViewDimension dimensionOfTextureView : kSupportedDimensions) {
                // Create a texture view with given texture view dimension.
                uint32_t depthOrArrayLayers =
                    dimensionOfTextureView == wgpu::TextureViewDimension::e1D ? 1u
                                                                              : kDepthOrArrayLayers;
                wgpu::Texture texture =
                    CreateTexture(wgpu::TextureUsage::StorageBinding, kStorageTextureFormat, 1,
                                  depthOrArrayLayers,
                                  utils::ViewDimensionToTextureDimension(dimensionOfTextureView));

                wgpu::TextureViewDescriptor textureViewDescriptor = kDefaultTextureViewDescriptor;
                textureViewDescriptor.dimension = dimensionOfTextureView;
                wgpu::TextureView storageTextureView = texture.CreateView(&textureViewDescriptor);

                // Verify that the dimension of the texture view used as storage texture in a bind
                // group must match the texture view dimension declaration in the bind group layout.
                if (dimensionInBindGroupLayout == dimensionOfTextureView) {
                    utils::MakeBindGroup(device, bindGroupLayout, {{0, storageTextureView}});
                } else {
                    ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(
                        utils::MakeBindGroup(device, bindGroupLayout, {{0, storageTextureView}}));
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

// Verify multisampled storage textures cannot be supported now.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, MultisampledStorageTexture) {
    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess bindingType : kSupportedStorageTextureAccess) {
        std::string computeShader = CreateShaderWithStorageTexture(
            bindingType, wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA8Unorm, "image2DMS");
        ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(utils::CreateShaderModule(device, computeShader.c_str()));
    }
}

// Verify it is valid to use a texture as either read-only storage texture or write-only storage
// texture in a render pass.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, StorageTextureInRenderPass) {
    constexpr wgpu::TextureFormat kFormat = wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA8Unorm;
    wgpu::Texture storageTexture = CreateTexture(wgpu::TextureUsage::StorageBinding, kFormat);

    wgpu::Texture outputAttachment = CreateTexture(wgpu::TextureUsage::RenderAttachment, kFormat);
    utils::ComboRenderPassDescriptor renderPassDescriptor({outputAttachment.CreateView()});

    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess storageTextureType : kSupportedStorageTextureAccess) {
        // Create a bind group that contains a storage texture.
        wgpu::BindGroupLayout bindGroupLayout = utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(
            device, {{0, wgpu::ShaderStage::Fragment, storageTextureType, kFormat}});

        wgpu::BindGroup bindGroupWithStorageTexture =
            utils::MakeBindGroup(device, bindGroupLayout, {{0, storageTexture.CreateView()}});

        // It is valid to use a texture as read-only or write-only storage texture in the render
        // pass.
        wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
        wgpu::RenderPassEncoder renderPassEncoder = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPassDescriptor);
        renderPassEncoder.SetBindGroup(0, bindGroupWithStorageTexture);
        renderPassEncoder.End();
        encoder.Finish();
    }
}

// Verify it is valid to use a a texture as both read-only storage texture and sampled texture in
// one render pass, while it is invalid to use a texture as both write-only storage texture and
// sampled texture in one render pass.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, StorageTextureAndSampledTextureInOneRenderPass) {
    constexpr wgpu::TextureFormat kFormat = wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA8Unorm;
    wgpu::Texture storageTexture = CreateTexture(
        wgpu::TextureUsage::StorageBinding | wgpu::TextureUsage::TextureBinding, kFormat);

    wgpu::Texture outputAttachment = CreateTexture(wgpu::TextureUsage::RenderAttachment, kFormat);
    utils::ComboRenderPassDescriptor renderPassDescriptor({outputAttachment.CreateView()});

    // Create a bind group that contains a storage texture and a sampled texture.
    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess storageTextureType : kSupportedStorageTextureAccess) {
        // Create a bind group that binds the same texture as both storage texture and sampled
        // texture.
        wgpu::BindGroupLayout bindGroupLayout = utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(
            device, {{0, wgpu::ShaderStage::Fragment, storageTextureType, kFormat},
                     {1, wgpu::ShaderStage::Fragment, wgpu::TextureSampleType::Float}});
        wgpu::BindGroup bindGroup = utils::MakeBindGroup(
            device, bindGroupLayout,
            {{0, storageTexture.CreateView()}, {1, storageTexture.CreateView()}});

        // It is valid to use a a texture as both read-only storage texture and sampled texture in
        // one render pass, while it is invalid to use a texture as both write-only storage
        // texture an sampled texture in one render pass.
        wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
        wgpu::RenderPassEncoder renderPassEncoder = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPassDescriptor);
        renderPassEncoder.SetBindGroup(0, bindGroup);
        renderPassEncoder.End();
        switch (storageTextureType) {
            case wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::WriteOnly:
                ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(encoder.Finish());
                break;
            default:
                DAWN_UNREACHABLE();
                break;
        }
    }
}

// Verify it is invalid to use a a texture as both storage texture (either read-only or write-only)
// and render attachment in one render pass.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, StorageTextureAndRenderAttachmentInOneRenderPass) {
    constexpr wgpu::TextureFormat kFormat = wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA8Unorm;
    wgpu::Texture storageTexture = CreateTexture(
        wgpu::TextureUsage::StorageBinding | wgpu::TextureUsage::RenderAttachment, kFormat);
    utils::ComboRenderPassDescriptor renderPassDescriptor({storageTexture.CreateView()});

    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess storageTextureType : kSupportedStorageTextureAccess) {
        // Create a bind group that contains a storage texture.
        wgpu::BindGroupLayout bindGroupLayout = utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(
            device, {{0, wgpu::ShaderStage::Fragment, storageTextureType, kFormat}});
        wgpu::BindGroup bindGroupWithStorageTexture =
            utils::MakeBindGroup(device, bindGroupLayout, {{0, storageTexture.CreateView()}});

        // It is invalid to use a texture as both storage texture and render attachment in one
        // render pass.
        wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
        wgpu::RenderPassEncoder renderPassEncoder = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPassDescriptor);
        renderPassEncoder.SetBindGroup(0, bindGroupWithStorageTexture);
        renderPassEncoder.End();
        ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(encoder.Finish());
    }
}

// Verify it is valid to use a texture as both storage texture (read-only or write-only) and
// sampled texture in one compute pass.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, StorageTextureAndSampledTextureInOneComputePass) {
    constexpr wgpu::TextureFormat kFormat = wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA8Unorm;
    wgpu::Texture storageTexture = CreateTexture(
        wgpu::TextureUsage::StorageBinding | wgpu::TextureUsage::TextureBinding, kFormat);

    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess storageTextureType : kSupportedStorageTextureAccess) {
        // Create a bind group that binds the same texture as both storage texture and sampled
        // texture.
        wgpu::BindGroupLayout bindGroupLayout = utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(
            device, {{0, wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute, storageTextureType, kFormat},
                     {1, wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute, wgpu::TextureSampleType::Float}});
        wgpu::BindGroup bindGroup = utils::MakeBindGroup(
            device, bindGroupLayout,
            {{0, storageTexture.CreateView()}, {1, storageTexture.CreateView()}});

        // It is valid to use a a texture as both storage texture (read-only or write-only) and
        // sampled texture in one compute pass.
        wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
        wgpu::ComputePassEncoder computePassEncoder = encoder.BeginComputePass();
        computePassEncoder.SetBindGroup(0, bindGroup);
        computePassEncoder.End();
        encoder.Finish();
    }
}

class ReadWriteStorageTextureValidationTests : public StorageTextureValidationTests {};

// Test that using read-only storage texture is valid for all shader stages in BindGroupLayout,
// while write-only and read-write storage textures are only valid for fragment and compute shader
// stages.
TEST_F(StorageTextureValidationTests, BindGroupLayoutWithStorageTextureBindingType) {
    const std::vector<BindGroupLayoutTestSpec> kTestSpecs = {
        {{wgpu::ShaderStage::Vertex, wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::WriteOnly, false},
         {wgpu::ShaderStage::Vertex, wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadOnly, true},
         {wgpu::ShaderStage::Vertex, wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadWrite, false},
         {wgpu::ShaderStage::Fragment, wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::WriteOnly, true},
         {wgpu::ShaderStage::Fragment, wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadOnly, true},
         {wgpu::ShaderStage::Fragment, wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadWrite, true},
         {wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute, wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::WriteOnly, true},
         {wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute, wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadOnly, true},
         {wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute, wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadWrite, true}}};
    DoBindGroupLayoutTest(kTestSpecs);
}

// Test that using read-only storage texture in BindGroupLayout is valid with all formats that
// can be used as storage texture, while read-write storage texture access is only available on the
// formats that support read-write storage texture access.
TEST_F(ReadWriteStorageTextureValidationTests, ReadWriteStorageTextureFormatInBindGroupLayout) {
    for (wgpu::TextureFormat format : utils::kAllTextureFormats) {
        if (!utils::TextureFormatSupportsStorageTexture(format, device, UseCompatibilityMode())) {
            continue;
        }

        bool supportsReadWriteStorageTexture =
            utils::TextureFormatSupportsReadWriteStorageTexture(format);
        const std::vector<BindGroupLayoutTestSpec> kTestSpecs = {
            {{wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute, wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadOnly, true, format},
             {wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute, wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadWrite,
              supportsReadWriteStorageTexture, format}}};
        DoBindGroupLayoutTest(kTestSpecs);
    }
}

// Test that read-write storage texture access is only available on the storage texture formats that
// support read-write storage texture access in shader, while read-only storage texture access is
// available for all storage texture formats.
TEST_F(ReadWriteStorageTextureValidationTests, ReadWriteStorageTextureFormatInShader) {
    constexpr std::array<wgpu::StorageTextureAccess, 2> kStorageTextureAccesses = {
        {wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadOnly, wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadWrite}};
    for (wgpu::TextureFormat format : utils::kAllTextureFormats) {
        if (!utils::TextureFormatSupportsStorageTexture(format, device, UseCompatibilityMode())) {
            continue;
        }

        for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess access : kStorageTextureAccesses) {
            std::string computeShader = CreateComputeShaderWithStorageTexture(access, format);
            wgpu::ComputePipelineDescriptor computeDesc;
            computeDesc.compute.module = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, computeShader.c_str());

            switch (access) {
                case wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadOnly:
                    device.CreateComputePipeline(&computeDesc);
                    break;
                case wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadWrite:
                    if (utils::TextureFormatSupportsReadWriteStorageTexture(format)) {
                        device.CreateComputePipeline(&computeDesc);
                    } else {
                        ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(device.CreateComputePipeline(&computeDesc));
                    }
                    break;
                default:
                    DAWN_UNREACHABLE();
            }
        }
    }
}

// Test that storage texture access in shader must be compatible with the one in pipeline layout
// when we create a pipeline with storage texture. Note that read-write storage texture access in
// pipeline layout is compatible with write-only storage texture access in shader.
TEST_F(ReadWriteStorageTextureValidationTests, StorageTextureAccessInPipeline) {
    constexpr std::array<wgpu::StorageTextureAccess, 3> kStorageTextureAccesses = {
        {wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadOnly, wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::WriteOnly,
         wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadWrite}};
    constexpr wgpu::TextureFormat kFormat = wgpu::TextureFormat::R32Uint;
    for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess accessInShader : kStorageTextureAccesses) {
        for (wgpu::StorageTextureAccess accessInBindGroupLayout : kStorageTextureAccesses) {
            std::string computeShader =
                CreateComputeShaderWithStorageTexture(accessInShader, kFormat);
            wgpu::BindGroupLayout bindGroupLayout = utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(
                device, {{0, wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute, accessInBindGroupLayout, kFormat,
                          wgpu::TextureViewDimension::e2D}});

            wgpu::ComputePipelineDescriptor computePipelineDescriptor;
            computePipelineDescriptor.compute.module =
                utils::CreateShaderModule(device, computeShader.c_str());
            computePipelineDescriptor.layout =
                utils::MakePipelineLayout(device, {{bindGroupLayout}});
            if (accessInShader == accessInBindGroupLayout ||
                (accessInShader == wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::WriteOnly &&
                 accessInBindGroupLayout == wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadWrite)) {
                device.CreateComputePipeline(&computePipelineDescriptor);
            } else {
                ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(device.CreateComputePipeline(&computePipelineDescriptor));
            }
        }
    }
}

class ReadWriteStorageTextureResourceUsageTrackingTests
    : public ReadWriteStorageTextureValidationTests {
  protected:
    enum class BindingType : uint8_t {
        ReadOnlyStorage = 0,
        WriteOnlyStorage,
        ReadWriteStorage,
        TextureBinding,
        BindingTypeCount,
    };

    void SetUp() override {
        ReadWriteStorageTextureValidationTests::SetUp();

        wgpu::Texture storageTexture =
            CreateTexture(wgpu::TextureUsage::StorageBinding | wgpu::TextureUsage::TextureBinding |
                              wgpu::TextureUsage::RenderAttachment,
                          kFormat);
        storageTextureView = storageTexture.CreateView();

        bindGroupLayouts[static_cast<size_t>(BindingType::ReadOnlyStorage)] =
            utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(
                device, {{0, wgpu::ShaderStage::Fragment | wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute,
                          wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadOnly, kFormat}});
        bindGroupLayouts[static_cast<size_t>(BindingType::WriteOnlyStorage)] =
            utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(
                device, {{0, wgpu::ShaderStage::Fragment | wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute,
                          wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::WriteOnly, kFormat}});
        bindGroupLayouts[static_cast<size_t>(BindingType::ReadWriteStorage)] =
            utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(
                device, {{0, wgpu::ShaderStage::Fragment | wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute,
                          wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadWrite, kFormat}});
        bindGroupLayouts[static_cast<size_t>(BindingType::TextureBinding)] =
            utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(
                device, {{0, wgpu::ShaderStage::Fragment | wgpu::ShaderStage::Compute,
                          wgpu::TextureSampleType::Uint}});

        for (size_t bindingType = 0; bindingType < bindGroups.size(); ++bindingType) {
            bindGroups[bindingType] = utils::MakeBindGroup(device, bindGroupLayouts[bindingType],
                                                           {{0, storageTextureView}});
        }
    }

    bool IsReadOnlyBindingType(BindingType bindingType) {
        constexpr std::array<BindingType, 2> readonlyCompatibleUsageSet = {
            BindingType::ReadOnlyStorage, BindingType::TextureBinding};
        return std::find(readonlyCompatibleUsageSet.begin(), readonlyCompatibleUsageSet.end(),
                         bindingType) != readonlyCompatibleUsageSet.end();
    }

    static const wgpu::TextureFormat kFormat = wgpu::TextureFormat::R32Uint;

    wgpu::TextureView storageTextureView;
    std::array<wgpu::BindGroupLayout, static_cast<size_t>(BindingType::BindingTypeCount)>
        bindGroupLayouts;
    std::array<wgpu::BindGroup, static_cast<size_t>(BindingType::BindingTypeCount)> bindGroups;
};

// Test the usage scope rule and writable storage texture aliasing rule of read-only and read-write
// storage textures in a render pass.
TEST_F(ReadWriteStorageTextureResourceUsageTrackingTests, StorageTextureInRenderPass) {
    wgpu::ShaderModule vsModule = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
                @vertex fn main() -> @builtin(position) vec4f {
                    return vec4f();
                })");

    wgpu::ShaderModule fsModule = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
                @fragment fn main() {
                })");
    utils::ComboRenderPipelineDescriptor pipelineDescriptor;
    pipelineDescriptor.vertex.module = vsModule;
    pipelineDescriptor.cFragment.module = fsModule;
    pipelineDescriptor.cTargets[0].writeMask = wgpu::ColorWriteMask::None;

    // Test usage scope rules in bind groups
    {
        PlaceholderRenderPass placeholderRenderPass(device);

        for (size_t bindingType1 = 0;
             bindingType1 < static_cast<size_t>(BindingType::BindingTypeCount); ++bindingType1) {
            for (size_t bindingType2 = 0;
                 bindingType2 < static_cast<size_t>(BindingType::BindingTypeCount);
                 ++bindingType2) {
                pipelineDescriptor.layout = utils::MakePipelineLayout(
                    device, {{bindGroupLayouts[bindingType1], bindGroupLayouts[bindingType2]}});
                wgpu::RenderPipeline renderPipeline =
                    device.CreateRenderPipeline(&pipelineDescriptor);

                wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
                wgpu::RenderPassEncoder renderPassEncoder =
                    encoder.BeginRenderPass(&placeholderRenderPass);
                renderPassEncoder.SetBindGroup(0, bindGroups[bindingType1]);
                renderPassEncoder.SetBindGroup(1, bindGroups[bindingType2]);
                renderPassEncoder.SetPipeline(renderPipeline);
                renderPassEncoder.Draw(1);
                renderPassEncoder.End();

                // It is valid if two usages are both read-only ones.
                if (IsReadOnlyBindingType(static_cast<BindingType>(bindingType1)) &&
                    IsReadOnlyBindingType(static_cast<BindingType>(bindingType2))) {
                    encoder.Finish();
                } else {
                    ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(encoder.Finish());
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // Test usage scope rules on using the same texture as both read-only or read-write storage
    // texture access and render attachment
    {
        utils::ComboRenderPassDescriptor renderPass({storageTextureView});
        std::array<size_t, 2> ReadWriteStorageTextureBindings = {
            static_cast<size_t>(BindingType::ReadOnlyStorage),
            static_cast<size_t>(BindingType::ReadWriteStorage)};
        for (size_t bindingType1 : ReadWriteStorageTextureBindings) {
            wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
            wgpu::RenderPassEncoder renderPassEncoder = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass);
            renderPassEncoder.SetBindGroup(0, bindGroups[bindingType1]);
            renderPassEncoder.End();
            ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(encoder.Finish());
        }
    }
}

// Test the usage scope rule and writable storage texture aliasing rule of read-only and read-write
// storage textures in a compute pass.
TEST_F(ReadWriteStorageTextureResourceUsageTrackingTests, StorageTextureInComputePass) {
    wgpu::ShaderModule csModule = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
                @compute @workgroup_size(1) fn main() {
                })");

    for (size_t bindingType1 = 0; bindingType1 < static_cast<size_t>(BindingType::BindingTypeCount);
         ++bindingType1) {
        for (size_t bindingType2 = 0;
             bindingType2 < static_cast<size_t>(BindingType::BindingTypeCount); ++bindingType2) {
            wgpu::ComputePipelineDescriptor pipelineDescriptor;
            pipelineDescriptor.layout = utils::MakePipelineLayout(
                device, {{bindGroupLayouts[bindingType1], bindGroupLayouts[bindingType2]}});
            pipelineDescriptor.compute.module = csModule;
            wgpu::ComputePipeline computePipeline =
                device.CreateComputePipeline(&pipelineDescriptor);

            wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
            wgpu::ComputePassEncoder computePassEncoder = encoder.BeginComputePass();
            computePassEncoder.SetBindGroup(0, bindGroups[bindingType1]);
            computePassEncoder.SetBindGroup(1, bindGroups[bindingType2]);
            computePassEncoder.SetPipeline(computePipeline);
            computePassEncoder.DispatchWorkgroups(1);
            computePassEncoder.End();
            if ((IsReadOnlyBindingType(static_cast<BindingType>(bindingType1)) &&
                 IsReadOnlyBindingType(static_cast<BindingType>(bindingType2)))) {
                encoder.Finish();
            } else {
                ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(encoder.Finish());
            }
        }
    }
}

class R8UnormStorageValidationTests : public StorageTextureValidationTests {
    WGPUDevice CreateTestDevice(native::Adapter dawnAdapter,
                                wgpu::DeviceDescriptor descriptor) override {
        wgpu::FeatureName requiredFeatures[1] = {wgpu::FeatureName::R8UnormStorage};
        descriptor.requiredFeatures = requiredFeatures;
        descriptor.requiredFeatureCount = 1;
        return dawnAdapter.CreateDevice(&descriptor);
    }
};

// Check that it is allowed to create an R8Unorm texture with the storage usage.
TEST_F(R8UnormStorageValidationTests, TextureCreation) {
    wgpu::TextureDescriptor desc;
    desc.format = wgpu::TextureFormat::R8Unorm;
    desc.usage = wgpu::TextureUsage::StorageBinding;
    desc.size = {1, 1};
    device.CreateTexture(&desc);
}

// Check that it is allowed to create a BGL with a read-only or write-only R8unorm storage texture
// entry.
TEST_F(R8UnormStorageValidationTests, BGLEntry) {
    // Control case: read-only or write-only are allowed.
    utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(
        device, {{0, wgpu::ShaderStage::Fragment, wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadOnly,
                  wgpu::TextureFormat::R8Unorm}});
    utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(
        device, {{0, wgpu::ShaderStage::Fragment, wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::WriteOnly,
                  wgpu::TextureFormat::R8Unorm}});

    // Error cases: read-write is disallowed.
    ASSERT_DEVICE_ERROR(utils::MakeBindGroupLayout(
        device, {{0, wgpu::ShaderStage::Fragment, wgpu::StorageTextureAccess::ReadWrite,
                  wgpu::TextureFormat::R8Unorm}}));
}

// Check that using the `r8unorm` to create a WGSL compute shader is allowed.
TEST_F(R8UnormStorageValidationTests, ShaderModule) {
    utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
        enable chromium_internal_graphite;
        @group(0) @binding(0) var t : texture_storage_2d<r8unorm, write>;
    )");
}

// Check that using an r8unorm storage texture read-only or write-only with implicit layout is
// valid.
TEST_F(R8UnormStorageValidationTests, End2endUsage) {
    wgpu::ComputePipelineDescriptor cDesc;
    cDesc.compute.module = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
        enable chromium_internal_graphite;
        @group(0) @binding(0) var input : texture_storage_2d<r8unorm, read>;
        @group(0) @binding(1) var output : texture_storage_2d<r8unorm, write>;

        @workgroup_size(4, 4) @compute fn main(@builtin(local_invocation_id) id : vec3<u32>) {
            textureStore(output, id.xy, 2 * textureLoad(input, id.xy));
        }
    )");
    wgpu::ComputePipeline pipeline = device.CreateComputePipeline(&cDesc);

    wgpu::TextureDescriptor tDesc;
    tDesc.format = wgpu::TextureFormat::R8Unorm;
    tDesc.usage = wgpu::TextureUsage::StorageBinding | wgpu::TextureUsage::CopySrc |
                  wgpu::TextureUsage::CopyDst;
    tDesc.size = {4, 4};
    wgpu::Texture input = device.CreateTexture(&tDesc);
    wgpu::Texture output = device.CreateTexture(&tDesc);

    wgpu::BindGroup bg = utils::MakeBindGroup(device, pipeline.GetBindGroupLayout(0),
                                              {
                                                  {0, input.CreateView()},
                                                  {1, output.CreateView()},
                                              });

    wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
    wgpu::ComputePassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginComputePass();
    pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
    pass.SetBindGroup(0, bg);
    pass.DispatchWorkgroups(1);
    pass.End();

    wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
    device.GetQueue().Submit(1, &commands);
}

}  // anonymous namespace
}  // namespace dawn