src/dawn/tests/end2end/RenderPassTests.cpp - dawn - Git at Google

 // Copyright 2019 The Dawn & Tint Authors
 //
 // Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 // modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 //
 // 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
 //    list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 //
 // 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
 //    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
 //    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 //
 // 3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
 //    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 //    this software without specific prior written permission.
 //
 // THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
 // AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 // IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
 // DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 // FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 // DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
 // SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
 // CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
 // OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>

 #include "dawn/tests/DawnTest.h"
 #include "dawn/utils/ComboRenderPipelineDescriptor.h"
 #include "dawn/utils/WGPUHelpers.h"

 namespace dawn {
 namespace {

 constexpr uint32_t kRTSize = 16;
 constexpr wgpu::TextureFormat kFormat = wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA8Unorm;

 class RenderPassTest : public DawnTest {
   protected:
     void SetUp() override {
         DawnTest::SetUp();

         // Shaders to draw a bottom-left triangle in blue.
         mVSModule = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
             @vertex
             fn main(@builtin(vertex_index) VertexIndex : u32) -> @builtin(position) vec4f {
                 var pos = array(
                     vec2f(-1.0,  1.0),
                     vec2f( 1.0, -1.0),
                     vec2f(-1.0, -1.0));

                 return vec4f(pos[VertexIndex], 0.0, 1.0);
             })");

         wgpu::ShaderModule fsModule = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
             @fragment fn main() -> @location(0) vec4f {
                 return vec4f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0);
             })");

         utils::ComboRenderPipelineDescriptor descriptor;
         descriptor.vertex.module = mVSModule;
         descriptor.cFragment.module = fsModule;
         descriptor.primitive.topology = wgpu::PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList;
         descriptor.cTargets[0].format = kFormat;

         pipeline = device.CreateRenderPipeline(&descriptor);
     }

     wgpu::Texture CreateDefault2DTexture() {
         wgpu::TextureDescriptor descriptor;
         descriptor.dimension = wgpu::TextureDimension::e2D;
         descriptor.size.width = kRTSize;
         descriptor.size.height = kRTSize;
         descriptor.size.depthOrArrayLayers = 1;
         descriptor.sampleCount = 1;
         descriptor.format = kFormat;
         descriptor.mipLevelCount = 1;
         descriptor.usage = wgpu::TextureUsage::RenderAttachment | wgpu::TextureUsage::CopySrc;
         return device.CreateTexture(&descriptor);
     }

     wgpu::ShaderModule mVSModule;
     wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline;
 };

 // Test using two different render passes in one commandBuffer works correctly.
 TEST_P(RenderPassTest, TwoRenderPassesInOneCommandBuffer) {
     if (IsOpenGL() || IsMetal()) {
         // crbug.com/950768
         // This test is consistently failing on OpenGL and flaky on Metal.
         return;
     }

     wgpu::Texture renderTarget1 = CreateDefault2DTexture();
     wgpu::Texture renderTarget2 = CreateDefault2DTexture();
     wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();

     {
         // In the first render pass we clear renderTarget1 to red and draw a blue triangle in the
         // bottom left of renderTarget1.
         utils::ComboRenderPassDescriptor renderPass({renderTarget1.CreateView()});
         renderPass.cColorAttachments[0].clearValue = {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};

         wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass);
         pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
         pass.Draw(3);
         pass.End();
     }

     {
         // In the second render pass we clear renderTarget2 to green and draw a blue triangle in the
         // bottom left of renderTarget2.
         utils::ComboRenderPassDescriptor renderPass({renderTarget2.CreateView()});
         renderPass.cColorAttachments[0].clearValue = {0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};

         wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass);
         pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
         pass.Draw(3);
         pass.End();
     }

     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);

     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(utils::RGBA8::kBlue, renderTarget1, 1, kRTSize - 1);
     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(utils::RGBA8::kRed, renderTarget1, kRTSize - 1, 1);

     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(utils::RGBA8::kBlue, renderTarget2, 1, kRTSize - 1);
     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(utils::RGBA8::kGreen, renderTarget2, kRTSize - 1, 1);
 }

 // Verify that the content in the color attachment will not be changed if there is no corresponding
 // fragment shader outputs in the render pipeline, the load operation is LoadOp::Load and the store
 // operation is StoreOp::Store.
 TEST_P(RenderPassTest, NoCorrespondingFragmentShaderOutputs) {
     wgpu::Texture renderTarget = CreateDefault2DTexture();
     wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();

     wgpu::TextureView renderTargetView = renderTarget.CreateView();

     utils::ComboRenderPassDescriptor renderPass({renderTargetView});
     renderPass.cColorAttachments[0].clearValue = {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};
     renderPass.cColorAttachments[0].loadOp = wgpu::LoadOp::Clear;
     renderPass.cColorAttachments[0].storeOp = wgpu::StoreOp::Store;
     wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass);

     {
         // First we draw a blue triangle in the bottom left of renderTarget.
         pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
         pass.Draw(3);
     }

     {
         // Next we use a pipeline whose fragment shader has no outputs.
         wgpu::ShaderModule fsModule = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
             @fragment fn main() {
             })");
         utils::ComboRenderPipelineDescriptor descriptor;
         descriptor.vertex.module = mVSModule;
         descriptor.cFragment.module = fsModule;
         // (Off-topic) spot-test for defaulting of these three fields.
         descriptor.primitive.topology = wgpu::PrimitiveTopology::Undefined;
         descriptor.primitive.frontFace = wgpu::FrontFace::Undefined;
         descriptor.primitive.cullMode = wgpu::CullMode::Undefined;
         descriptor.cTargets[0].format = kFormat;
         descriptor.cTargets[0].writeMask = wgpu::ColorWriteMask::None;

         wgpu::RenderPipeline pipelineWithNoFragmentOutput =
             device.CreateRenderPipeline(&descriptor);

         pass.SetPipeline(pipelineWithNoFragmentOutput);
         pass.Draw(3);
     }

     pass.End();

     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);

     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(utils::RGBA8::kBlue, renderTarget, 1, kRTSize - 1);
     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(utils::RGBA8::kRed, renderTarget, kRTSize - 1, 1);
 }

 DAWN_INSTANTIATE_TEST(RenderPassTest,
                       D3D11Backend(),
                       D3D12Backend(),
                       D3D12Backend({}, {"use_d3d12_render_pass"}),
                       MetalBackend(),
                       OpenGLBackend(),
                       OpenGLESBackend(),
                       VulkanBackend());

 // Test that clearing the lower mips of an R8Unorm texture works. This is a regression test for
 // dawn:1071 where Intel Metal devices fail to do that correctly, requiring a workaround.
 class RenderPassTest_RegressionDawn1071 : public RenderPassTest {};
 TEST_P(RenderPassTest_RegressionDawn1071, ClearLowestMipOfR8Unorm) {
     const uint32_t kLastMipLevel = 2;

     // Create the texture and buffer used for readback.
     wgpu::TextureDescriptor texDesc;
     texDesc.format = wgpu::TextureFormat::R8Unorm;
     texDesc.usage = wgpu::TextureUsage::RenderAttachment | wgpu::TextureUsage::CopySrc;
     texDesc.size = {32, 32};
     texDesc.mipLevelCount = kLastMipLevel + 1;
     wgpu::Texture tex = device.CreateTexture(&texDesc);

     wgpu::BufferDescriptor bufDesc;
     bufDesc.size = 4;
     bufDesc.usage = wgpu::BufferUsage::CopyDst | wgpu::BufferUsage::CopySrc;
     wgpu::Buffer buf = device.CreateBuffer(&bufDesc);

     wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();

     // Clear the texture with a render pass.
     {
         wgpu::TextureViewDescriptor viewDesc;
         viewDesc.baseMipLevel = kLastMipLevel;

         utils::ComboRenderPassDescriptor renderPass({tex.CreateView(&viewDesc)});
         renderPass.cColorAttachments[0].clearValue = {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};
         renderPass.cColorAttachments[0].loadOp = wgpu::LoadOp::Clear;
         renderPass.cColorAttachments[0].storeOp = wgpu::StoreOp::Store;
         wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass);
         pass.End();
     }

     // Copy the texture in the buffer.
     {
         wgpu::Extent3D copySize = {1, 1};
         wgpu::ImageCopyTexture src = utils::CreateImageCopyTexture(tex, kLastMipLevel);
         wgpu::ImageCopyBuffer dst = utils::CreateImageCopyBuffer(buf);

         encoder.CopyTextureToBuffer(&src, &dst, &copySize);
     }

     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);

     // The content of the texture should be reflected in the buffer (prior to the workaround it
     // would be 0s).
     EXPECT_BUFFER_U8_EQ(255, buf, 0);
 }

 DAWN_INSTANTIATE_TEST(RenderPassTest_RegressionDawn1071,
                       D3D11Backend(),
                       D3D12Backend(),
                       MetalBackend(),
                       MetalBackend({"metal_render_r8_rg8_unorm_small_mip_to_temp_texture"}),
                       OpenGLBackend(),
                       OpenGLESBackend(),
                       VulkanBackend());

 // Test that clearing a depth16unorm texture with multiple subresources works. This is a regression
 // test for dawn:1389 where Intel Metal devices fail to do that correctly, requiring a workaround.
 class RenderPassTest_RegressionDawn1389 : public RenderPassTest {};
 TEST_P(RenderPassTest_RegressionDawn1389, ClearMultisubresourceAfterWriteDepth16Unorm) {
     // TODO(dawn:1705): fix this test for Intel D3D11.
     DAWN_SUPPRESS_TEST_IF((IsD3D11() || IsANGLED3D11()) && IsIntel());

     // TODO(crbug.com/dawn/1989): Failed on Intel Gen12 GPUs because of Windows Vulkan driver issue,
     // when copying to a D16_UNORM depth texture and clearing one subresource, other subresources
     // will have incorrect values. Remove this suppression once the issue is fixed.
     DAWN_SUPPRESS_TEST_IF(IsVulkan() && IsWindows() && IsIntelGen12());

     // Test all combinatons of multi-mip, multi-layer
     for (uint32_t mipLevelCount : {1, 5}) {
         for (uint32_t arrayLayerCount : {1, 7}) {
             // Only clear some of the subresources.
             const auto& clearedMips =
                 mipLevelCount == 1 ? std::vector<std::pair<uint32_t, uint32_t>>{{0, 1}}
                                    : std::vector<std::pair<uint32_t, uint32_t>>{{0, 2}, {3, 4}};
             const auto& clearedLayers =
                 arrayLayerCount == 1 ? std::vector<std::pair<uint32_t, uint32_t>>{{0, 1}}
                                      : std::vector<std::pair<uint32_t, uint32_t>>{{2, 4}, {6, 7}};

             // Compute the texture size.
             uint32_t width = 1u << (mipLevelCount - 1);
             uint32_t height = 1u << (mipLevelCount - 1);

             // Create the texture.
             wgpu::TextureDescriptor texDesc;
             texDesc.format = wgpu::TextureFormat::Depth16Unorm;
             texDesc.usage = wgpu::TextureUsage::RenderAttachment | wgpu::TextureUsage::CopySrc |
                             wgpu::TextureUsage::CopyDst;
             texDesc.size = {width, height, arrayLayerCount};
             texDesc.mipLevelCount = mipLevelCount;
             wgpu::Texture tex = device.CreateTexture(&texDesc);

             // Initialize all subresources with WriteTexture.
             for (uint32_t level = 0; level < mipLevelCount; ++level) {
                 for (uint32_t layer = 0; layer < arrayLayerCount; ++layer) {
                     wgpu::ImageCopyTexture imageCopyTexture =
                         utils::CreateImageCopyTexture(tex, level, {0, 0, layer});
                     wgpu::Extent3D copySize = {width >> level, height >> level, 1};

                     wgpu::TextureDataLayout textureDataLayout;
                     textureDataLayout.offset = 0;
                     textureDataLayout.bytesPerRow = copySize.width * sizeof(uint16_t);
                     textureDataLayout.rowsPerImage = copySize.height;

                     // Use a distinct value for each subresource.
                     uint16_t value = level * 10 + layer;
                     std::vector<uint16_t> data(copySize.width * copySize.height, value);
                     queue.WriteTexture(&imageCopyTexture, data.data(),
                                        data.size() * sizeof(uint16_t), &textureDataLayout,
                                        &copySize);
                 }
             }

             // Prep a viewDesc for rendering to depth. The base layer and level
             // will be set later.
             wgpu::TextureViewDescriptor viewDesc = {};
             viewDesc.mipLevelCount = 1u;
             viewDesc.arrayLayerCount = 1u;

             // Overwrite some subresources with a render pass
             {
                 wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
                 for (const auto& clearedMipRange : clearedMips) {
                     for (const auto& clearedLayerRange : clearedLayers) {
                         for (uint32_t level = clearedMipRange.first; level < clearedMipRange.second;
                              ++level) {
                             for (uint32_t layer = clearedLayerRange.first;
                                  layer < clearedLayerRange.second; ++layer) {
                                 viewDesc.baseMipLevel = level;
                                 viewDesc.baseArrayLayer = layer;

                                 utils::ComboRenderPassDescriptor renderPass(
                                     {}, tex.CreateView(&viewDesc));
                                 renderPass.UnsetDepthStencilLoadStoreOpsForFormat(texDesc.format);
                                 renderPass.cDepthStencilAttachmentInfo.depthClearValue = 0.8;
                                 renderPass.cDepthStencilAttachmentInfo.depthLoadOp =
                                     wgpu::LoadOp::Clear;
                                 renderPass.cDepthStencilAttachmentInfo.depthStoreOp =
                                     wgpu::StoreOp::Store;
                                 encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass).End();
                             }
                         }
                     }
                 }
                 wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
                 queue.Submit(1, &commands);
             }

             // Iterate all subresources.
             for (uint32_t level = 0; level < mipLevelCount; ++level) {
                 for (uint32_t layer = 0; layer < arrayLayerCount; ++layer) {
                     bool cleared = false;
                     for (const auto& clearedMipRange : clearedMips) {
                         for (const auto& clearedLayerRange : clearedLayers) {
                             if (level >= clearedMipRange.first && level < clearedMipRange.second &&
                                 layer >= clearedLayerRange.first &&
                                 layer < clearedLayerRange.second) {
                                 cleared = true;
                             }
                         }
                     }
                     uint32_t mipWidth = width >> level;
                     uint32_t mipHeight = height >> level;
                     if (cleared) {
                         // Check the subresource is cleared as expected.
                         std::vector<uint16_t> data(mipWidth * mipHeight, 0xCCCC);
                         EXPECT_TEXTURE_EQ(data.data(), tex, {0, 0, layer}, {mipWidth, mipHeight},
                                           level)
                             << "cleared texture data should have been 0xCCCC at:"
                             << "\nlayer: " << layer << "\nlevel: " << level;
                     } else {
                         // Otherwise, check the other subresources have the orignal contents.
                         // Without the workaround, they are 0.
                         uint16_t value =
                             level * 10 + layer;  // Compute the expected value for the subresource.
                         std::vector<uint16_t> data(mipWidth * mipHeight, value);
                         EXPECT_TEXTURE_EQ(data.data(), tex, {0, 0, layer}, {mipWidth, mipHeight},
                                           level)
                             << "written texture data should still be " << value << " at:"
                             << "\nlayer: " << layer << "\nlevel: " << level;
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
     }
 }

 DAWN_INSTANTIATE_TEST(RenderPassTest_RegressionDawn1389,
                       D3D11Backend(),
                       D3D12Backend(),
                       MetalBackend(),
                       MetalBackend({"use_blit_for_buffer_to_depth_texture_copy"}),
                       OpenGLBackend(),
                       OpenGLESBackend(),
                       VulkanBackend());

 }  // anonymous namespace
 }  // namespace dawn
	// Copyright 2019 The Dawn & Tint Authors
	//
	// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
	// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
	//
	// 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
	// list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
	//
	// 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
	// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
	// and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
	//
	// 3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
	// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
	// this software without specific prior written permission.
	//
	// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
	// AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
	// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
	// DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
	// FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
	// DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
	// SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
	// CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
	// OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
	// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

	#include <utility>
	#include <vector>

	#include "dawn/tests/DawnTest.h"
	#include "dawn/utils/ComboRenderPipelineDescriptor.h"
	#include "dawn/utils/WGPUHelpers.h"

	namespace dawn {
	namespace {

	constexpr uint32_t kRTSize = 16;
	constexpr wgpu::TextureFormat kFormat = wgpu::TextureFormat::RGBA8Unorm;

	class RenderPassTest : public DawnTest {
	protected:
	void SetUp() override {
	DawnTest::SetUp();

	// Shaders to draw a bottom-left triangle in blue.
	mVSModule = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
	@vertex
	fn main(@builtin(vertex_index) VertexIndex : u32) -> @builtin(position) vec4f {
	var pos = array(
	vec2f(-1.0, 1.0),
	vec2f( 1.0, -1.0),
	vec2f(-1.0, -1.0));

	return vec4f(pos[VertexIndex], 0.0, 1.0);
	})");

	wgpu::ShaderModule fsModule = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
	@fragment fn main() -> @location(0) vec4f {
	return vec4f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0);
	})");

	utils::ComboRenderPipelineDescriptor descriptor;
	descriptor.vertex.module = mVSModule;
	descriptor.cFragment.module = fsModule;
	descriptor.primitive.topology = wgpu::PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList;
	descriptor.cTargets[0].format = kFormat;

	pipeline = device.CreateRenderPipeline(&descriptor);
	}

	wgpu::Texture CreateDefault2DTexture() {
	wgpu::TextureDescriptor descriptor;
	descriptor.dimension = wgpu::TextureDimension::e2D;
	descriptor.size.width = kRTSize;
	descriptor.size.height = kRTSize;
	descriptor.size.depthOrArrayLayers = 1;
	descriptor.sampleCount = 1;
	descriptor.format = kFormat;
	descriptor.mipLevelCount = 1;
	descriptor.usage = wgpu::TextureUsage::RenderAttachment \| wgpu::TextureUsage::CopySrc;
	return device.CreateTexture(&descriptor);
	}

	wgpu::ShaderModule mVSModule;
	wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline;
	};

	// Test using two different render passes in one commandBuffer works correctly.
	TEST_P(RenderPassTest, TwoRenderPassesInOneCommandBuffer) {
	if (IsOpenGL() \|\| IsMetal()) {
	// crbug.com/950768
	// This test is consistently failing on OpenGL and flaky on Metal.
	return;
	}

	wgpu::Texture renderTarget1 = CreateDefault2DTexture();
	wgpu::Texture renderTarget2 = CreateDefault2DTexture();
	wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();

	{
	// In the first render pass we clear renderTarget1 to red and draw a blue triangle in the
	// bottom left of renderTarget1.
	utils::ComboRenderPassDescriptor renderPass({renderTarget1.CreateView()});
	renderPass.cColorAttachments[0].clearValue = {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};

	wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass);
	pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
	pass.Draw(3);
	pass.End();
	}

	{
	// In the second render pass we clear renderTarget2 to green and draw a blue triangle in the
	// bottom left of renderTarget2.
	utils::ComboRenderPassDescriptor renderPass({renderTarget2.CreateView()});
	renderPass.cColorAttachments[0].clearValue = {0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};

	wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass);
	pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
	pass.Draw(3);
	pass.End();
	}

	wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
	queue.Submit(1, &commands);

	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(utils::RGBA8::kBlue, renderTarget1, 1, kRTSize - 1);
	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(utils::RGBA8::kRed, renderTarget1, kRTSize - 1, 1);

	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(utils::RGBA8::kBlue, renderTarget2, 1, kRTSize - 1);
	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(utils::RGBA8::kGreen, renderTarget2, kRTSize - 1, 1);
	}

	// Verify that the content in the color attachment will not be changed if there is no corresponding
	// fragment shader outputs in the render pipeline, the load operation is LoadOp::Load and the store
	// operation is StoreOp::Store.
	TEST_P(RenderPassTest, NoCorrespondingFragmentShaderOutputs) {
	wgpu::Texture renderTarget = CreateDefault2DTexture();
	wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();

	wgpu::TextureView renderTargetView = renderTarget.CreateView();

	utils::ComboRenderPassDescriptor renderPass({renderTargetView});
	renderPass.cColorAttachments[0].clearValue = {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};
	renderPass.cColorAttachments[0].loadOp = wgpu::LoadOp::Clear;
	renderPass.cColorAttachments[0].storeOp = wgpu::StoreOp::Store;
	wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass);

	{
	// First we draw a blue triangle in the bottom left of renderTarget.
	pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
	pass.Draw(3);
	}

	{
	// Next we use a pipeline whose fragment shader has no outputs.
	wgpu::ShaderModule fsModule = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
	@fragment fn main() {
	})");
	utils::ComboRenderPipelineDescriptor descriptor;
	descriptor.vertex.module = mVSModule;
	descriptor.cFragment.module = fsModule;
	// (Off-topic) spot-test for defaulting of these three fields.
	descriptor.primitive.topology = wgpu::PrimitiveTopology::Undefined;
	descriptor.primitive.frontFace = wgpu::FrontFace::Undefined;
	descriptor.primitive.cullMode = wgpu::CullMode::Undefined;
	descriptor.cTargets[0].format = kFormat;
	descriptor.cTargets[0].writeMask = wgpu::ColorWriteMask::None;

	wgpu::RenderPipeline pipelineWithNoFragmentOutput =
	device.CreateRenderPipeline(&descriptor);

	pass.SetPipeline(pipelineWithNoFragmentOutput);
	pass.Draw(3);
	}

	pass.End();

	wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
	queue.Submit(1, &commands);

	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(utils::RGBA8::kBlue, renderTarget, 1, kRTSize - 1);
	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(utils::RGBA8::kRed, renderTarget, kRTSize - 1, 1);
	}

	DAWN_INSTANTIATE_TEST(RenderPassTest,
	D3D11Backend(),
	D3D12Backend(),
	D3D12Backend({}, {"use_d3d12_render_pass"}),
	MetalBackend(),
	OpenGLBackend(),
	OpenGLESBackend(),
	VulkanBackend());

	// Test that clearing the lower mips of an R8Unorm texture works. This is a regression test for
	// dawn:1071 where Intel Metal devices fail to do that correctly, requiring a workaround.
	class RenderPassTest_RegressionDawn1071 : public RenderPassTest {};
	TEST_P(RenderPassTest_RegressionDawn1071, ClearLowestMipOfR8Unorm) {
	const uint32_t kLastMipLevel = 2;

	// Create the texture and buffer used for readback.
	wgpu::TextureDescriptor texDesc;
	texDesc.format = wgpu::TextureFormat::R8Unorm;
	texDesc.usage = wgpu::TextureUsage::RenderAttachment \| wgpu::TextureUsage::CopySrc;
	texDesc.size = {32, 32};
	texDesc.mipLevelCount = kLastMipLevel + 1;
	wgpu::Texture tex = device.CreateTexture(&texDesc);

	wgpu::BufferDescriptor bufDesc;
	bufDesc.size = 4;
	bufDesc.usage = wgpu::BufferUsage::CopyDst \| wgpu::BufferUsage::CopySrc;
	wgpu::Buffer buf = device.CreateBuffer(&bufDesc);

	wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();

	// Clear the texture with a render pass.
	{
	wgpu::TextureViewDescriptor viewDesc;
	viewDesc.baseMipLevel = kLastMipLevel;

	utils::ComboRenderPassDescriptor renderPass({tex.CreateView(&viewDesc)});
	renderPass.cColorAttachments[0].clearValue = {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};
	renderPass.cColorAttachments[0].loadOp = wgpu::LoadOp::Clear;
	renderPass.cColorAttachments[0].storeOp = wgpu::StoreOp::Store;
	wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass);
	pass.End();
	}

	// Copy the texture in the buffer.
	{
	wgpu::Extent3D copySize = {1, 1};
	wgpu::ImageCopyTexture src = utils::CreateImageCopyTexture(tex, kLastMipLevel);
	wgpu::ImageCopyBuffer dst = utils::CreateImageCopyBuffer(buf);

	encoder.CopyTextureToBuffer(&src, &dst, &copySize);
	}

	wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
	queue.Submit(1, &commands);

	// The content of the texture should be reflected in the buffer (prior to the workaround it
	// would be 0s).
	EXPECT_BUFFER_U8_EQ(255, buf, 0);
	}

	DAWN_INSTANTIATE_TEST(RenderPassTest_RegressionDawn1071,
	D3D11Backend(),
	D3D12Backend(),
	MetalBackend(),
	MetalBackend({"metal_render_r8_rg8_unorm_small_mip_to_temp_texture"}),
	OpenGLBackend(),
	OpenGLESBackend(),
	VulkanBackend());

	// Test that clearing a depth16unorm texture with multiple subresources works. This is a regression
	// test for dawn:1389 where Intel Metal devices fail to do that correctly, requiring a workaround.
	class RenderPassTest_RegressionDawn1389 : public RenderPassTest {};
	TEST_P(RenderPassTest_RegressionDawn1389, ClearMultisubresourceAfterWriteDepth16Unorm) {
	// TODO(dawn:1705): fix this test for Intel D3D11.
	DAWN_SUPPRESS_TEST_IF((IsD3D11() \|\| IsANGLED3D11()) && IsIntel());

	// TODO(crbug.com/dawn/1989): Failed on Intel Gen12 GPUs because of Windows Vulkan driver issue,
	// when copying to a D16_UNORM depth texture and clearing one subresource, other subresources
	// will have incorrect values. Remove this suppression once the issue is fixed.
	DAWN_SUPPRESS_TEST_IF(IsVulkan() && IsWindows() && IsIntelGen12());

	// Test all combinatons of multi-mip, multi-layer
	for (uint32_t mipLevelCount : {1, 5}) {
	for (uint32_t arrayLayerCount : {1, 7}) {
	// Only clear some of the subresources.
	const auto& clearedMips =
	mipLevelCount == 1 ? std::vector<std::pair<uint32_t, uint32_t>>{{0, 1}}
	: std::vector<std::pair<uint32_t, uint32_t>>{{0, 2}, {3, 4}};
	const auto& clearedLayers =
	arrayLayerCount == 1 ? std::vector<std::pair<uint32_t, uint32_t>>{{0, 1}}
	: std::vector<std::pair<uint32_t, uint32_t>>{{2, 4}, {6, 7}};

	// Compute the texture size.
	uint32_t width = 1u << (mipLevelCount - 1);
	uint32_t height = 1u << (mipLevelCount - 1);

	// Create the texture.
	wgpu::TextureDescriptor texDesc;
	texDesc.format = wgpu::TextureFormat::Depth16Unorm;
	texDesc.usage = wgpu::TextureUsage::RenderAttachment \| wgpu::TextureUsage::CopySrc \|
	wgpu::TextureUsage::CopyDst;
	texDesc.size = {width, height, arrayLayerCount};
	texDesc.mipLevelCount = mipLevelCount;
	wgpu::Texture tex = device.CreateTexture(&texDesc);

	// Initialize all subresources with WriteTexture.
	for (uint32_t level = 0; level < mipLevelCount; ++level) {
	for (uint32_t layer = 0; layer < arrayLayerCount; ++layer) {
	wgpu::ImageCopyTexture imageCopyTexture =
	utils::CreateImageCopyTexture(tex, level, {0, 0, layer});
	wgpu::Extent3D copySize = {width >> level, height >> level, 1};

	wgpu::TextureDataLayout textureDataLayout;
	textureDataLayout.offset = 0;
	textureDataLayout.bytesPerRow = copySize.width * sizeof(uint16_t);
	textureDataLayout.rowsPerImage = copySize.height;

	// Use a distinct value for each subresource.
	uint16_t value = level * 10 + layer;
	std::vector<uint16_t> data(copySize.width * copySize.height, value);
	queue.WriteTexture(&imageCopyTexture, data.data(),
	data.size() * sizeof(uint16_t), &textureDataLayout,
	&copySize);
	}
	}

	// Prep a viewDesc for rendering to depth. The base layer and level
	// will be set later.
	wgpu::TextureViewDescriptor viewDesc = {};
	viewDesc.mipLevelCount = 1u;
	viewDesc.arrayLayerCount = 1u;

	// Overwrite some subresources with a render pass
	{
	wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
	for (const auto& clearedMipRange : clearedMips) {
	for (const auto& clearedLayerRange : clearedLayers) {
	for (uint32_t level = clearedMipRange.first; level < clearedMipRange.second;
	++level) {
	for (uint32_t layer = clearedLayerRange.first;
	layer < clearedLayerRange.second; ++layer) {
	viewDesc.baseMipLevel = level;
	viewDesc.baseArrayLayer = layer;

	utils::ComboRenderPassDescriptor renderPass(
	{}, tex.CreateView(&viewDesc));
	renderPass.UnsetDepthStencilLoadStoreOpsForFormat(texDesc.format);
	renderPass.cDepthStencilAttachmentInfo.depthClearValue = 0.8;
	renderPass.cDepthStencilAttachmentInfo.depthLoadOp =
	wgpu::LoadOp::Clear;
	renderPass.cDepthStencilAttachmentInfo.depthStoreOp =
	wgpu::StoreOp::Store;
	encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass).End();
	}
	}
	}
	}
	wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
	queue.Submit(1, &commands);
	}

	// Iterate all subresources.
	for (uint32_t level = 0; level < mipLevelCount; ++level) {
	for (uint32_t layer = 0; layer < arrayLayerCount; ++layer) {
	bool cleared = false;
	for (const auto& clearedMipRange : clearedMips) {
	for (const auto& clearedLayerRange : clearedLayers) {
	if (level >= clearedMipRange.first && level < clearedMipRange.second &&
	layer >= clearedLayerRange.first &&
	layer < clearedLayerRange.second) {
	cleared = true;
	}
	}
	}
	uint32_t mipWidth = width >> level;
	uint32_t mipHeight = height >> level;
	if (cleared) {
	// Check the subresource is cleared as expected.
	std::vector<uint16_t> data(mipWidth * mipHeight, 0xCCCC);
	EXPECT_TEXTURE_EQ(data.data(), tex, {0, 0, layer}, {mipWidth, mipHeight},
	level)
	<< "cleared texture data should have been 0xCCCC at:"
	<< "\nlayer: " << layer << "\nlevel: " << level;
	} else {
	// Otherwise, check the other subresources have the orignal contents.
	// Without the workaround, they are 0.
	uint16_t value =
	level * 10 + layer; // Compute the expected value for the subresource.
	std::vector<uint16_t> data(mipWidth * mipHeight, value);
	EXPECT_TEXTURE_EQ(data.data(), tex, {0, 0, layer}, {mipWidth, mipHeight},
	level)
	<< "written texture data should still be " << value << " at:"
	<< "\nlayer: " << layer << "\nlevel: " << level;
	}
	}
	}
	}
	}
	}

	DAWN_INSTANTIATE_TEST(RenderPassTest_RegressionDawn1389,
	D3D11Backend(),
	D3D12Backend(),
	MetalBackend(),
	MetalBackend({"use_blit_for_buffer_to_depth_texture_copy"}),
	OpenGLBackend(),
	OpenGLESBackend(),
	VulkanBackend());

	} // anonymous namespace
	} // namespace dawn