diff --git a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/ShaderModuleD3D12.cpp b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/ShaderModuleD3D12.cpp
index c18f887..c6a2d4d 100644
--- a/src/dawn/native/d3d12/ShaderModuleD3D12.cpp
+++ b/src/dawn/native/d3d12/ShaderModuleD3D12.cpp
@@ -562,7 +562,7 @@
                       wgpu::BufferBindingType::Storage ||
                   bgl->GetBindingInfo(bindingIndex).buffer.type == kInternalStorageBufferBinding));
             if (forceStorageBufferAsUAV) {
-                remappedAccessControls.emplace(srcBindingPoint, tint::type::Access::kReadWrite);
+                remappedAccessControls.emplace(srcBindingPoint, tint::builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/src/tint/BUILD.gn b/src/tint/BUILD.gn
index fbed83a..b7022b3 100644
--- a/src/tint/BUILD.gn
+++ b/src/tint/BUILD.gn
@@ -693,6 +693,8 @@
 
 libtint_source_set("libtint_builtins_src") {
   sources = [
+    "builtin/access.cc",
+    "builtin/access.h",
     "builtin/builtin_value.cc",
     "builtin/builtin_value.h",
     "builtin/extension.cc",
@@ -709,8 +711,6 @@
     "type/abstract_int.h",
     "type/abstract_numeric.cc",
     "type/abstract_numeric.h",
-    "type/access.cc",
-    "type/access.h",
     "type/address_space.cc",
     "type/address_space.h",
     "type/array.cc",
@@ -776,7 +776,10 @@
     "type/void.h",
   ]
 
-  deps = [ ":libtint_base_src" ]
+  deps = [
+    ":libtint_base_src",
+    ":libtint_builtins_src",
+  ]
 }
 
 libtint_source_set("libtint_constant_src") {
@@ -931,6 +934,7 @@
   deps = [
     ":libtint_ast_src",
     ":libtint_base_src",
+    ":libtint_builtins_src",
     ":libtint_program_src",
     ":libtint_reader_src",
     ":libtint_text_src",
@@ -949,6 +953,7 @@
   deps = [
     ":libtint_ast_src",
     ":libtint_base_src",
+    ":libtint_builtins_src",
     ":libtint_program_src",
     ":libtint_sem_src",
     ":libtint_type_src",
@@ -1007,6 +1012,7 @@
   deps = [
     ":libtint_ast_src",
     ":libtint_base_src",
+    ":libtint_builtins_src",
     ":libtint_constant_src",
     ":libtint_program_src",
     ":libtint_sem_src",
@@ -1275,6 +1281,7 @@
     deps = [
       ":libtint_ast_src",
       ":libtint_base_src",
+      ":libtint_builtins_src",
       ":libtint_transform_src",
       ":libtint_unittests_ast_helper",
     ]
@@ -1287,6 +1294,7 @@
 
   tint_unittests_source_set("tint_unittests_builtins_src") {
     sources = [
+      "builtin/access_test.cc",
       "builtin/builtin_value_test.cc",
       "builtin/extension_test.cc",
     ]
@@ -1405,7 +1413,6 @@
 
   tint_unittests_source_set("tint_unittests_type_src") {
     sources = [
-      "type/access_test.cc",
       "type/address_space_test.cc",
       "type/atomic_test.cc",
       "type/bool_test.cc",
diff --git a/src/tint/CMakeLists.txt b/src/tint/CMakeLists.txt
index 4b87d7b..149505d 100644
--- a/src/tint/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/tint/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -548,6 +548,7 @@
   writer/writer.h
 )
 
+tint_generated(builtin/access BENCH TEST)
 tint_generated(builtin/builtin_value BENCH TEST)
 tint_generated(builtin/extension BENCH TEST)
 tint_generated(ast/diagnostic_control BENCH TEST)
@@ -555,7 +556,6 @@
 tint_generated(resolver/init_conv_intrinsic)
 tint_generated(sem/builtin_type)
 tint_generated(sem/parameter_usage)
-tint_generated(type/access BENCH TEST)
 tint_generated(type/address_space BENCH TEST)
 tint_generated(type/builtin BENCH TEST)
 tint_generated(type/texel_format BENCH TEST)
diff --git a/src/tint/ast/alias_test.cc b/src/tint/ast/alias_test.cc
index 6e5d647..d99fb21 100644
--- a/src/tint/ast/alias_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/ast/alias_test.cc
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 
 #include "src/tint/ast/alias.h"
 #include "src/tint/ast/test_helper.h"
-#include "src/tint/type/access.h"
+#include "src/tint/builtin/access.h"
 
 namespace tint::ast {
 namespace {
diff --git a/src/tint/ast/builtin_texture_helper_test.cc b/src/tint/ast/builtin_texture_helper_test.cc
index 4aefbc6..7b55d69 100644
--- a/src/tint/ast/builtin_texture_helper_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/ast/builtin_texture_helper_test.cc
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
       args(std::move(a)) {}
 TextureOverloadCase::TextureOverloadCase(ValidTextureOverload o,
                                          const char* d,
-                                         type::Access acc,
+                                         tint::builtin::Access acc,
                                          type::TexelFormat fmt,
                                          type::TextureDimension dims,
                                          TextureDataType datatype,
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@
         {
             ValidTextureOverload::kDimensionsStorageWO1d,
             "textureDimensions(t : texture_storage_1d<rgba32float>) -> u32",
-            type::Access::kWrite,
+            tint::builtin::Access::kWrite,
             type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float,
             type::TextureDimension::k1d,
             TextureDataType::kF32,
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@
         {
             ValidTextureOverload::kDimensionsStorageWO2d,
             "textureDimensions(t : texture_storage_2d<rgba32float>) -> vec2<u32>",
-            type::Access::kWrite,
+            tint::builtin::Access::kWrite,
             type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float,
             type::TextureDimension::k2d,
             TextureDataType::kF32,
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@
         {
             ValidTextureOverload::kDimensionsStorageWO2dArray,
             "textureDimensions(t : texture_storage_2d_array<rgba32float>) -> vec2<u32>",
-            type::Access::kWrite,
+            tint::builtin::Access::kWrite,
             type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float,
             type::TextureDimension::k2dArray,
             TextureDataType::kF32,
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@
         {
             ValidTextureOverload::kDimensionsStorageWO3d,
             "textureDimensions(t : texture_storage_3d<rgba32float>) -> vec3<u32>",
-            type::Access::kWrite,
+            tint::builtin::Access::kWrite,
             type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float,
             type::TextureDimension::k3d,
             TextureDataType::kF32,
@@ -827,7 +827,7 @@
         {
             ValidTextureOverload::kNumLayersStorageWO2dArray,
             "textureNumLayers(t : texture_storage_2d_array<rgba32float>) -> u32",
-            type::Access::kWrite,
+            tint::builtin::Access::kWrite,
             type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float,
             type::TextureDimension::k2dArray,
             TextureDataType::kF32,
@@ -2327,7 +2327,7 @@
             "textureStore(t      : texture_storage_1d<rgba32float>,\n"
             "             coords : i32,\n"
             "             value  : vec4<T>)",
-            type::Access::kWrite,
+            tint::builtin::Access::kWrite,
             type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float,
             type::TextureDimension::k1d,
             TextureDataType::kF32,
@@ -2343,7 +2343,7 @@
             "textureStore(t      : texture_storage_2d<rgba32float>,\n"
             "             coords : vec2<i32>,\n"
             "             value  : vec4<T>)",
-            type::Access::kWrite,
+            tint::builtin::Access::kWrite,
             type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float,
             type::TextureDimension::k2d,
             TextureDataType::kF32,
@@ -2360,7 +2360,7 @@
             "             coords      : vec2<u32>,\n"
             "             array_index : u32,\n"
             "             value       : vec4<T>)",
-            type::Access::kWrite,
+            tint::builtin::Access::kWrite,
             type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float,
             type::TextureDimension::k2dArray,
             TextureDataType::kF32,
@@ -2377,7 +2377,7 @@
             "textureStore(t      : texture_storage_3d<rgba32float>,\n"
             "             coords : vec3<u32>,\n"
             "             value  : vec4<T>)",
-            type::Access::kWrite,
+            tint::builtin::Access::kWrite,
             type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float,
             type::TextureDimension::k3d,
             TextureDataType::kF32,
diff --git a/src/tint/ast/builtin_texture_helper_test.h b/src/tint/ast/builtin_texture_helper_test.h
index 6fe0193..46f1442 100644
--- a/src/tint/ast/builtin_texture_helper_test.h
+++ b/src/tint/ast/builtin_texture_helper_test.h
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
 
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "src/tint/builtin/access.h"
 #include "src/tint/program_builder.h"
-#include "src/tint/type/access.h"
 #include "src/tint/type/storage_texture.h"
 #include "src/tint/type/texture_dimension.h"
 
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@
     /// Constructor for textureLoad() with storage textures
     TextureOverloadCase(ValidTextureOverload,
                         const char*,
-                        type::Access,
+                        tint::builtin::Access,
                         type::TexelFormat,
                         type::TextureDimension,
                         TextureDataType,
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@
     type::SamplerKind const sampler_kind = type::SamplerKind::kSampler;
     /// The access control for the storage texture
     /// Used only when texture_kind is kStorage
-    type::Access const access = type::Access::kReadWrite;
+    tint::builtin::Access const access = tint::builtin::Access::kReadWrite;
     /// The image format for the storage texture
     /// Used only when texture_kind is kStorage
     type::TexelFormat const texel_format = type::TexelFormat::kUndefined;
diff --git a/src/tint/ast/variable.h b/src/tint/ast/variable.h
index 7663e4f..78e3b75 100644
--- a/src/tint/ast/variable.h
+++ b/src/tint/ast/variable.h
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #include "src/tint/ast/expression.h"
 #include "src/tint/ast/group_attribute.h"
 #include "src/tint/ast/type.h"
-#include "src/tint/type/access.h"
+#include "src/tint/builtin/access.h"
 #include "src/tint/type/address_space.h"
 
 // Forward declarations
diff --git a/src/tint/type/access.cc b/src/tint/builtin/access.cc
similarity index 92%
rename from src/tint/type/access.cc
rename to src/tint/builtin/access.cc
index 04ccd9d..56b326c 100644
--- a/src/tint/type/access.cc
+++ b/src/tint/builtin/access.cc
@@ -15,14 +15,14 @@
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // File generated by tools/src/cmd/gen
 // using the template:
-//   src/tint/type/access.cc.tmpl
+//   src/tint/builtin/access.cc.tmpl
 //
 // Do not modify this file directly
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-#include "src/tint/type/access.h"
+#include "src/tint/builtin/access.h"
 
-namespace tint::type {
+namespace tint::builtin {
 
 /// ParseAccess parses a Access from a string.
 /// @param str the string to parse
@@ -54,4 +54,4 @@
     return out << "<unknown>";
 }
 
-}  // namespace tint::type
+}  // namespace tint::builtin
diff --git a/src/tint/type/access.cc.tmpl b/src/tint/builtin/access.cc.tmpl
similarity index 86%
rename from src/tint/type/access.cc.tmpl
rename to src/tint/builtin/access.cc.tmpl
index b34ff61..d0f967f 100644
--- a/src/tint/type/access.cc.tmpl
+++ b/src/tint/builtin/access.cc.tmpl
@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@
 {{- Import "src/tint/templates/enums.tmpl.inc" -}}
 {{- $enum := (Sem.Enum "access") -}}
 
-#include "src/tint/type/access.h"
+#include "src/tint/builtin/access.h"
 
-namespace tint::type {
+namespace tint::builtin {
 
 {{ Eval "ParseEnum" $enum}}
 
 {{ Eval "EnumOStream" $enum}}
 
-}  // namespace tint::type
+}  // namespace tint::builtin
diff --git a/src/tint/type/access.h b/src/tint/builtin/access.h
similarity index 87%
rename from src/tint/type/access.h
rename to src/tint/builtin/access.h
index 26f24f6..f59f50e 100644
--- a/src/tint/type/access.h
+++ b/src/tint/builtin/access.h
@@ -15,17 +15,17 @@
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // File generated by tools/src/cmd/gen
 // using the template:
-//   src/tint/type/access.h.tmpl
+//   src/tint/builtin/access.h.tmpl
 //
 // Do not modify this file directly
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-#ifndef SRC_TINT_TYPE_ACCESS_H_
-#define SRC_TINT_TYPE_ACCESS_H_
+#ifndef SRC_TINT_BUILTIN_ACCESS_H_
+#define SRC_TINT_BUILTIN_ACCESS_H_
 
 #include <ostream>
 
-namespace tint::type {
+namespace tint::builtin {
 
 /// Address space of a given pointer.
 enum class Access {
@@ -51,6 +51,6 @@
     "write",
 };
 
-}  // namespace tint::type
+}  // namespace tint::builtin
 
-#endif  // SRC_TINT_TYPE_ACCESS_H_
+#endif  // SRC_TINT_BUILTIN_ACCESS_H_
diff --git a/src/tint/type/access.h.tmpl b/src/tint/builtin/access.h.tmpl
similarity index 79%
rename from src/tint/type/access.h.tmpl
rename to src/tint/builtin/access.h.tmpl
index 6d353e5..6e4587a 100644
--- a/src/tint/type/access.h.tmpl
+++ b/src/tint/builtin/access.h.tmpl
@@ -14,16 +14,16 @@
 {{- Import "src/tint/templates/enums.tmpl.inc" -}}
 {{- $enum := (Sem.Enum "access") -}}
 
-#ifndef SRC_TINT_TYPE_ACCESS_H_
-#define SRC_TINT_TYPE_ACCESS_H_
+#ifndef SRC_TINT_BUILTIN_ACCESS_H_
+#define SRC_TINT_BUILTIN_ACCESS_H_
 
 #include <ostream>
 
-namespace tint::type {
+namespace tint::builtin {
 
 /// Address space of a given pointer.
 {{ Eval "DeclareEnum" $enum}}
 
-}  // namespace tint::type
+}  // namespace tint::builtin
 
-#endif  // SRC_TINT_TYPE_ACCESS_H_
+#endif  // SRC_TINT_BUILTIN_ACCESS_H_
diff --git a/src/tint/type/access_bench.cc b/src/tint/builtin/access_bench.cc
similarity index 91%
rename from src/tint/type/access_bench.cc
rename to src/tint/builtin/access_bench.cc
index ab578eb..91f808f 100644
--- a/src/tint/type/access_bench.cc
+++ b/src/tint/builtin/access_bench.cc
@@ -15,18 +15,18 @@
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // File generated by tools/src/cmd/gen
 // using the template:
-//   src/tint/type/access_bench.cc.tmpl
+//   src/tint/builtin/access_bench.cc.tmpl
 //
 // Do not modify this file directly
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-#include "src/tint/type/access.h"
+#include "src/tint/builtin/access.h"
 
 #include <array>
 
 #include "benchmark/benchmark.h"
 
-namespace tint::type {
+namespace tint::builtin {
 namespace {
 
 void AccessParser(::benchmark::State& state) {
@@ -48,4 +48,4 @@
 BENCHMARK(AccessParser);
 
 }  // namespace
-}  // namespace tint::type
+}  // namespace tint::builtin
diff --git a/src/tint/type/access_bench.cc.tmpl b/src/tint/builtin/access_bench.cc.tmpl
similarity index 87%
rename from src/tint/type/access_bench.cc.tmpl
rename to src/tint/builtin/access_bench.cc.tmpl
index 420f486..c701ab9 100644
--- a/src/tint/type/access_bench.cc.tmpl
+++ b/src/tint/builtin/access_bench.cc.tmpl
@@ -14,16 +14,16 @@
 {{- Import "src/tint/templates/enums.tmpl.inc" -}}
 {{- $enum := (Sem.Enum "access") -}}
 
-#include "src/tint/type/access.h"
+#include "src/tint/builtin/access.h"
 
 #include <array>
 
 #include "benchmark/benchmark.h"
 
-namespace tint::type {
+namespace tint::builtin {
 namespace {
 
 {{ Eval "BenchmarkParseEnum" $enum }}
 
 }  // namespace
-}  // namespace tint::type
+}  // namespace tint::builtin
diff --git a/src/tint/type/access_test.cc b/src/tint/builtin/access_test.cc
similarity index 93%
rename from src/tint/type/access_test.cc
rename to src/tint/builtin/access_test.cc
index 77968ef..91786ef 100644
--- a/src/tint/type/access_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/builtin/access_test.cc
@@ -15,19 +15,20 @@
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // File generated by tools/src/cmd/gen
 // using the template:
-//   src/tint/type/access_test.cc.tmpl
+//   src/tint/builtin/access_test.cc.tmpl
 //
 // Do not modify this file directly
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-#include "src/tint/type/access.h"
+#include "src/tint/builtin/access.h"
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include <string>
 
-#include "src/tint/type/test_helper.h"
 #include "src/tint/utils/string.h"
 
-namespace tint::type {
+namespace tint::builtin {
 namespace {
 
 namespace parse_print_tests {
@@ -79,4 +80,4 @@
 }  // namespace parse_print_tests
 
 }  // namespace
-}  // namespace tint::type
+}  // namespace tint::builtin
diff --git a/src/tint/type/access_test.cc.tmpl b/src/tint/builtin/access_test.cc.tmpl
similarity index 84%
rename from src/tint/type/access_test.cc.tmpl
rename to src/tint/builtin/access_test.cc.tmpl
index dd6ed44..0674f4b 100644
--- a/src/tint/type/access_test.cc.tmpl
+++ b/src/tint/builtin/access_test.cc.tmpl
@@ -14,17 +14,18 @@
 {{- Import "src/tint/templates/enums.tmpl.inc" -}}
 {{- $enum := (Sem.Enum "access") -}}
 
-#include "src/tint/type/access.h"
+#include "src/tint/builtin/access.h"
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include <string>
 
-#include "src/tint/type/test_helper.h"
 #include "src/tint/utils/string.h"
 
-namespace tint::type {
+namespace tint::builtin {
 namespace {
 
 {{ Eval "TestParsePrintEnum" $enum}}
 
 }  // namespace
-}  // namespace tint::type
+}  // namespace tint::builtin
diff --git a/src/tint/fuzzers/transform_builder.h b/src/tint/fuzzers/transform_builder.h
index 90d6af5..73b5b51 100644
--- a/src/tint/fuzzers/transform_builder.h
+++ b/src/tint/fuzzers/transform_builder.h
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@
                 uint8_t old_binding;
                 uint8_t new_group;
                 uint8_t new_binding;
-                type::Access new_access;
+                builtin::Access new_access;
             };
 
             std::vector<Config> configs = tb->builder()->vector<Config>();
diff --git a/src/tint/inspector/inspector.cc b/src/tint/inspector/inspector.cc
index 40658db..396d0e5 100644
--- a/src/tint/inspector/inspector.cc
+++ b/src/tint/inspector/inspector.cc
@@ -719,7 +719,7 @@
         auto* var = rsv.first;
         auto binding_info = rsv.second;
 
-        if (read_only != (var->Access() == type::Access::kRead)) {
+        if (read_only != (var->Access() == builtin::Access::kRead)) {
             continue;
         }
 
diff --git a/src/tint/inspector/inspector_test.cc b/src/tint/inspector/inspector_test.cc
index 743f878..22f1332 100644
--- a/src/tint/inspector/inspector_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/inspector/inspector_test.cc
@@ -1655,8 +1655,8 @@
 
 TEST_F(InspectorGetStorageSizeTest, Simple_NonStruct) {
     AddUniformBuffer("ub_var", ty.i32(), 0, 0);
-    AddStorageBuffer("sb_var", ty.i32(), type::Access::kReadWrite, 1, 0);
-    AddStorageBuffer("rosb_var", ty.i32(), type::Access::kRead, 1, 1);
+    AddStorageBuffer("sb_var", ty.i32(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite, 1, 0);
+    AddStorageBuffer("rosb_var", ty.i32(), builtin::Access::kRead, 1, 1);
     Func("ep_func", utils::Empty, ty.void_(),
          utils::Vector{
              Decl(Let("ub", Expr("ub_var"))),
@@ -1687,7 +1687,7 @@
     auto sb = MakeStorageBufferTypes("sb_type", utils::Vector{
                                                     ty.i32(),
                                                 });
-    AddStorageBuffer("sb_var", sb(), type::Access::kReadWrite, 1, 0);
+    AddStorageBuffer("sb_var", sb(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite, 1, 0);
     MakeStructVariableReferenceBodyFunction("sb_func", "sb_var",
                                             utils::Vector{
                                                 MemberInfo{0, ty.i32()},
@@ -1696,7 +1696,7 @@
     auto ro_sb = MakeStorageBufferTypes("rosb_type", utils::Vector{
                                                          ty.i32(),
                                                      });
-    AddStorageBuffer("rosb_var", ro_sb(), type::Access::kRead, 1, 1);
+    AddStorageBuffer("rosb_var", ro_sb(), builtin::Access::kRead, 1, 1);
     MakeStructVariableReferenceBodyFunction("rosb_func", "rosb_var",
                                             utils::Vector{
                                                 MemberInfo{0, ty.i32()},
@@ -1774,7 +1774,7 @@
     auto sb = MakeStorageBufferTypes("sb_type", utils::Vector{
                                                     ty.i32(),
                                                 });
-    AddStorageBuffer("sb_var", sb(), type::Access::kReadWrite, 1, 0);
+    AddStorageBuffer("sb_var", sb(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite, 1, 0);
     MakeStructVariableReferenceBodyFunction("sb_func", "sb_var",
                                             utils::Vector{
                                                 MemberInfo{0, ty.i32()},
@@ -1783,7 +1783,7 @@
     auto ro_sb = MakeStorageBufferTypes("rosb_type", utils::Vector{
                                                          ty.i32(),
                                                      });
-    AddStorageBuffer("rosb_var", ro_sb(), type::Access::kRead, 1, 1);
+    AddStorageBuffer("rosb_var", ro_sb(), builtin::Access::kRead, 1, 1);
     MakeStructVariableReferenceBodyFunction("rosb_func", "rosb_var",
                                             utils::Vector{
                                                 MemberInfo{0, ty.i32()},
@@ -2140,7 +2140,7 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(InspectorGetStorageBufferResourceBindingsTest, Simple_NonStruct) {
-    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", ty.i32(), type::Access::kReadWrite, 0, 0);
+    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", ty.i32(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite, 0, 0);
     MakePlainGlobalReferenceBodyFunction("sb_func", "foo_sb", ty.i32(), utils::Empty);
 
     MakeCallerBodyFunction("ep_func", utils::Vector{std::string("sb_func")},
@@ -2165,7 +2165,7 @@
     auto foo_struct_type = MakeStorageBufferTypes("foo_type", utils::Vector{
                                                                   ty.i32(),
                                                               });
-    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", foo_struct_type(), type::Access::kReadWrite, 0, 0);
+    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", foo_struct_type(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite, 0, 0);
 
     MakeStructVariableReferenceBodyFunction("sb_func", "foo_sb",
                                             utils::Vector{
@@ -2196,7 +2196,7 @@
                                                                   ty.u32(),
                                                                   ty.f32(),
                                                               });
-    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", foo_struct_type(), type::Access::kReadWrite, 0, 0);
+    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", foo_struct_type(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite, 0, 0);
 
     MakeStructVariableReferenceBodyFunction("sb_func", "foo_sb",
                                             utils::Vector{
@@ -2229,9 +2229,9 @@
                                                                 ty.u32(),
                                                                 ty.f32(),
                                                             });
-    AddStorageBuffer("sb_foo", sb_struct_type(), type::Access::kReadWrite, 0, 0);
-    AddStorageBuffer("sb_bar", sb_struct_type(), type::Access::kReadWrite, 0, 1);
-    AddStorageBuffer("sb_baz", sb_struct_type(), type::Access::kReadWrite, 2, 0);
+    AddStorageBuffer("sb_foo", sb_struct_type(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite, 0, 0);
+    AddStorageBuffer("sb_bar", sb_struct_type(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite, 0, 1);
+    AddStorageBuffer("sb_baz", sb_struct_type(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite, 2, 0);
 
     auto AddReferenceFunc = [this](const std::string& func_name, const std::string& var_name) {
         MakeStructVariableReferenceBodyFunction(func_name, var_name,
@@ -2288,7 +2288,7 @@
                                                                   ty.i32(),
                                                                   ty.array<u32, 4>(),
                                                               });
-    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", foo_struct_type(), type::Access::kReadWrite, 0, 0);
+    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", foo_struct_type(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite, 0, 0);
 
     MakeStructVariableReferenceBodyFunction("sb_func", "foo_sb",
                                             utils::Vector{
@@ -2318,7 +2318,7 @@
                                                                   ty.i32(),
                                                                   ty.array<u32>(),
                                                               });
-    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", foo_struct_type(), type::Access::kReadWrite, 0, 0);
+    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", foo_struct_type(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite, 0, 0);
 
     MakeStructVariableReferenceBodyFunction("sb_func", "foo_sb",
                                             utils::Vector{
@@ -2347,7 +2347,7 @@
     auto foo_struct_type = MakeStorageBufferTypes("foo_type", utils::Vector{
                                                                   ty.vec3<f32>(),
                                                               });
-    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", foo_struct_type(), type::Access::kReadWrite, 0, 0);
+    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", foo_struct_type(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite, 0, 0);
 
     MakeStructVariableReferenceBodyFunction("sb_func", "foo_sb",
                                             utils::Vector{
@@ -2373,7 +2373,7 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(InspectorGetStorageBufferResourceBindingsTest, NonStructVec3) {
-    AddStorageBuffer("foo_ub", ty.vec3<f32>(), type::Access::kReadWrite, 0, 0);
+    AddStorageBuffer("foo_ub", ty.vec3<f32>(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite, 0, 0);
     MakePlainGlobalReferenceBodyFunction("ub_func", "foo_ub", ty.vec3<f32>(), utils::Empty);
 
     MakeCallerBodyFunction("ep_func", utils::Vector{std::string("ub_func")},
@@ -2398,7 +2398,7 @@
     auto foo_struct_type = MakeStorageBufferTypes("foo_type", utils::Vector{
                                                                   ty.i32(),
                                                               });
-    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", foo_struct_type(), type::Access::kRead, 0, 0);
+    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", foo_struct_type(), builtin::Access::kRead, 0, 0);
 
     MakeStructVariableReferenceBodyFunction("sb_func", "foo_sb",
                                             utils::Vector{
@@ -2421,7 +2421,7 @@
     auto foo_struct_type = MakeStorageBufferTypes("foo_type", utils::Vector{
                                                                   ty.i32(),
                                                               });
-    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", foo_struct_type(), type::Access::kRead, 0, 0);
+    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", foo_struct_type(), builtin::Access::kRead, 0, 0);
 
     MakeStructVariableReferenceBodyFunction("sb_func", "foo_sb",
                                             utils::Vector{
@@ -2452,9 +2452,9 @@
                                                                 ty.u32(),
                                                                 ty.f32(),
                                                             });
-    AddStorageBuffer("sb_foo", sb_struct_type(), type::Access::kRead, 0, 0);
-    AddStorageBuffer("sb_bar", sb_struct_type(), type::Access::kRead, 0, 1);
-    AddStorageBuffer("sb_baz", sb_struct_type(), type::Access::kRead, 2, 0);
+    AddStorageBuffer("sb_foo", sb_struct_type(), builtin::Access::kRead, 0, 0);
+    AddStorageBuffer("sb_bar", sb_struct_type(), builtin::Access::kRead, 0, 1);
+    AddStorageBuffer("sb_baz", sb_struct_type(), builtin::Access::kRead, 2, 0);
 
     auto AddReferenceFunc = [this](const std::string& func_name, const std::string& var_name) {
         MakeStructVariableReferenceBodyFunction(func_name, var_name,
@@ -2511,7 +2511,7 @@
                                                                   ty.i32(),
                                                                   ty.array<u32, 4>(),
                                                               });
-    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", foo_struct_type(), type::Access::kRead, 0, 0);
+    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", foo_struct_type(), builtin::Access::kRead, 0, 0);
 
     MakeStructVariableReferenceBodyFunction("sb_func", "foo_sb",
                                             utils::Vector{
@@ -2541,7 +2541,7 @@
                                                                   ty.i32(),
                                                                   ty.array<u32>(),
                                                               });
-    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", foo_struct_type(), type::Access::kRead, 0, 0);
+    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", foo_struct_type(), builtin::Access::kRead, 0, 0);
 
     MakeStructVariableReferenceBodyFunction("sb_func", "foo_sb",
                                             utils::Vector{
@@ -2570,7 +2570,7 @@
     auto foo_struct_type = MakeStorageBufferTypes("foo_type", utils::Vector{
                                                                   ty.i32(),
                                                               });
-    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", foo_struct_type(), type::Access::kReadWrite, 0, 0);
+    AddStorageBuffer("foo_sb", foo_struct_type(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite, 0, 0);
 
     MakeStructVariableReferenceBodyFunction("sb_func", "foo_sb",
                                             utils::Vector{
diff --git a/src/tint/inspector/test_inspector_builder.cc b/src/tint/inspector/test_inspector_builder.cc
index e73c6f5..1de6dd3 100644
--- a/src/tint/inspector/test_inspector_builder.cc
+++ b/src/tint/inspector/test_inspector_builder.cc
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@
 
 void InspectorBuilder::AddStorageBuffer(const std::string& name,
                                         ast::Type type,
-                                        type::Access access,
+                                        builtin::Access access,
                                         uint32_t group,
                                         uint32_t binding) {
     GlobalVar(name, type, type::AddressSpace::kStorage, access, Binding(AInt(binding)),
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@
 
 ast::Type InspectorBuilder::MakeStorageTextureTypes(type::TextureDimension dim,
                                                     type::TexelFormat format) {
-    return ty.storage_texture(dim, format, type::Access::kWrite);
+    return ty.storage_texture(dim, format, builtin::Access::kWrite);
 }
 
 void InspectorBuilder::AddStorageTexture(const std::string& name,
diff --git a/src/tint/inspector/test_inspector_builder.h b/src/tint/inspector/test_inspector_builder.h
index 1d99863..7056738 100644
--- a/src/tint/inspector/test_inspector_builder.h
+++ b/src/tint/inspector/test_inspector_builder.h
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@
     /// @param binding the binding number to use for the storage buffer
     void AddStorageBuffer(const std::string& name,
                           ast::Type type,
-                          type::Access access,
+                          builtin::Access access,
                           uint32_t group,
                           uint32_t binding);
 
diff --git a/src/tint/program_builder.h b/src/tint/program_builder.h
index f89a30b..4816567 100644
--- a/src/tint/program_builder.h
+++ b/src/tint/program_builder.h
@@ -237,8 +237,8 @@
                 address_space = b.Expr(addr_space);
             }
         }
-        void Set(ProgramBuilder& b, type::Access ac) {
-            if (ac != type::Access::kUndefined) {
+        void Set(ProgramBuilder& b, builtin::Access ac) {
+            if (ac != builtin::Access::kUndefined) {
                 access = b.Expr(ac);
             }
         }
@@ -1202,7 +1202,7 @@
         /// @return the pointer to `type` with the given type::AddressSpace
         ast::Type pointer(ast::Type type,
                           type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                          type::Access access = type::Access::kUndefined) const {
+                          builtin::Access access = builtin::Access::kUndefined) const {
             return pointer(builder->source_, type, address_space, access);
         }
 
@@ -1214,8 +1214,8 @@
         ast::Type pointer(const Source& source,
                           ast::Type type,
                           type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                          type::Access access = type::Access::kUndefined) const {
-            if (access != type::Access::kUndefined) {
+                          builtin::Access access = builtin::Access::kUndefined) const {
+            if (access != builtin::Access::kUndefined) {
                 return (*this)(source, "ptr", address_space, type, access);
             } else {
                 return (*this)(source, "ptr", address_space, type);
@@ -1227,7 +1227,7 @@
         /// @return the pointer to type `T` with the given type::AddressSpace.
         template <typename T>
         ast::Type pointer(type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                          type::Access access = type::Access::kUndefined) const {
+                          builtin::Access access = builtin::Access::kUndefined) const {
             return pointer<T>(builder->source_, address_space, access);
         }
 
@@ -1238,8 +1238,8 @@
         template <typename T>
         ast::Type pointer(const Source& source,
                           type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                          type::Access access = type::Access::kUndefined) const {
-            if (access != type::Access::kUndefined) {
+                          builtin::Access access = builtin::Access::kUndefined) const {
+            if (access != builtin::Access::kUndefined) {
                 return (*this)(source, "ptr", address_space, Of<T>(), access);
             } else {
                 return (*this)(source, "ptr", address_space, Of<T>());
@@ -1390,7 +1390,7 @@
         /// @returns the storage texture
         ast::Type storage_texture(type::TextureDimension dims,
                                   type::TexelFormat format,
-                                  type::Access access) const {
+                                  builtin::Access access) const {
             return storage_texture(builder->source_, dims, format, access);
         }
 
@@ -1402,7 +1402,7 @@
         ast::Type storage_texture(const Source& source,
                                   type::TextureDimension dims,
                                   type::TexelFormat format,
-                                  type::Access access) const {
+                                  builtin::Access access) const {
             switch (dims) {
                 case type::TextureDimension::k1d:
                     return (*this)(source, "texture_storage_1d", format, access);
@@ -2067,7 +2067,7 @@
     /// Can be any of the following, in any order:
     ///   * ast::Type           - specifies the variable's type
     ///   * type::AddressSpace  - specifies the variable's address space
-    ///   * type::Access        - specifies the variable's access control
+    ///   * builtin::Access        - specifies the variable's access control
     ///   * ast::Expression*    - specifies the variable's initializer expression
     ///   * ast::Attribute*     - specifies the variable's attributes (repeatable, or vector)
     /// Note that non-repeatable arguments of the same type will use the last argument's value.
@@ -2084,7 +2084,7 @@
     /// Can be any of the following, in any order:
     ///   * ast::Type           - specifies the variable's type
     ///   * type::AddressSpace  - specifies the variable's address space
-    ///   * type::Access        - specifies the variable's access control
+    ///   * builtin::Access        - specifies the variable's access control
     ///   * ast::Expression*    - specifies the variable's initializer expression
     ///   * ast::Attribute*     - specifies the variable's attributes (repeatable, or vector)
     /// Note that non-repeatable arguments of the same type will use the last argument's value.
@@ -2186,7 +2186,7 @@
     /// Can be any of the following, in any order:
     ///   * ast::Type           - specifies the variable's type
     ///   * type::AddressSpace   - specifies the variable address space
-    ///   * type::Access         - specifies the variable's access control
+    ///   * builtin::Access         - specifies the variable's access control
     ///   * ast::Expression*    - specifies the variable's initializer expression
     ///   * ast::Attribute*     - specifies the variable's attributes (repeatable, or vector)
     /// Note that non-repeatable arguments of the same type will use the last argument's value.
@@ -2203,7 +2203,7 @@
     /// Can be any of the following, in any order:
     ///   * ast::Type           - specifies the variable's type
     ///   * type::AddressSpace   - specifies the variable address space
-    ///   * type::Access         - specifies the variable's access control
+    ///   * builtin::Access         - specifies the variable's access control
     ///   * ast::Expression*    - specifies the variable's initializer expression
     ///   * ast::Attribute*    - specifies the variable's attributes (repeatable, or vector)
     /// Note that non-repeatable arguments of the same type will use the last argument's value.
diff --git a/src/tint/reader/spirv/function.cc b/src/tint/reader/spirv/function.cc
index 513b7f3..ca35917 100644
--- a/src/tint/reader/spirv/function.cc
+++ b/src/tint/reader/spirv/function.cc
@@ -2522,7 +2522,7 @@
             }
         }
         auto* var = parser_impl_.MakeVar(inst.result_id(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                         type::Access::kUndefined, var_store_type, initializer,
+                                         builtin::Access::kUndefined, var_store_type, initializer,
                                          AttributeList{});
         auto* var_decl_stmt = create<ast::VariableDeclStatement>(Source{}, var);
         AddStatement(var_decl_stmt);
@@ -3369,7 +3369,7 @@
         auto* store_type = parser_impl_.ConvertType(def_inst->type_id());
         AddStatement(create<ast::VariableDeclStatement>(
             Source{},
-            parser_impl_.MakeVar(id, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined,
+            parser_impl_.MakeVar(id, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kUndefined,
                                  store_type, nullptr, AttributeList{})));
         auto* type = ty_.Reference(store_type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined);
         identifier_types_.emplace(id, type);
@@ -4842,7 +4842,7 @@
                 }
                 // Local variables are always Function storage class, with default
                 // access mode.
-                return DefInfo::Pointer{type::AddressSpace::kFunction, type::Access::kUndefined};
+                return DefInfo::Pointer{type::AddressSpace::kFunction, builtin::Access::kUndefined};
             }
             case spv::Op::OpFunctionParameter: {
                 const auto* type = As<Pointer>(parser_impl_.ConvertType(inst.type_id()));
@@ -4855,7 +4855,7 @@
                 // parameters.  In that case we need to do a global analysis to
                 // determine what the formal argument parameter type should be,
                 // whether it has read_only or read_write access mode.
-                return DefInfo::Pointer{type->address_space, type::Access::kUndefined};
+                return DefInfo::Pointer{type->address_space, builtin::Access::kUndefined};
             }
             default:
                 break;
diff --git a/src/tint/reader/spirv/function.h b/src/tint/reader/spirv/function.h
index d035591..5879859 100644
--- a/src/tint/reader/spirv/function.h
+++ b/src/tint/reader/spirv/function.h
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@
         type::AddressSpace address_space = type::AddressSpace::kUndefined;
 
         /// The declared access mode.
-        type::Access access = type::Access::kUndefined;
+        builtin::Access access = builtin::Access::kUndefined;
     };
 
     /// The expression to use when sinking pointers into their use.
diff --git a/src/tint/reader/spirv/parser_impl.cc b/src/tint/reader/spirv/parser_impl.cc
index 443b28f..282e285 100644
--- a/src/tint/reader/spirv/parser_impl.cc
+++ b/src/tint/reader/spirv/parser_impl.cc
@@ -1576,9 +1576,9 @@
     return size->AsIntConstant();
 }
 
-type::Access ParserImpl::VarAccess(const Type* storage_type, type::AddressSpace address_space) {
+builtin::Access ParserImpl::VarAccess(const Type* storage_type, type::AddressSpace address_space) {
     if (address_space != type::AddressSpace::kStorage) {
-        return type::Access::kUndefined;
+        return builtin::Access::kUndefined;
     }
 
     bool read_only = false;
@@ -1587,12 +1587,12 @@
     }
 
     // Apply the access(read) or access(read_write) modifier.
-    return read_only ? type::Access::kRead : type::Access::kReadWrite;
+    return read_only ? builtin::Access::kRead : builtin::Access::kReadWrite;
 }
 
 const ast::Var* ParserImpl::MakeVar(uint32_t id,
                                     type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                                    type::Access access,
+                                    builtin::Access access,
                                     const Type* storage_type,
                                     const ast::Expression* initializer,
                                     AttributeList decorations) {
@@ -2526,7 +2526,7 @@
                 ast_handle_type = ty_.SampledTexture(dim, ast_sampled_component_type);
             }
         } else {
-            const auto access = type::Access::kWrite;
+            const auto access = builtin::Access::kWrite;
             const auto format = enum_converter_.ToTexelFormat(image_type->format());
             if (format == type::TexelFormat::kUndefined) {
                 return nullptr;
diff --git a/src/tint/reader/spirv/parser_impl.h b/src/tint/reader/spirv/parser_impl.h
index 0c77a02..7f93497 100644
--- a/src/tint/reader/spirv/parser_impl.h
+++ b/src/tint/reader/spirv/parser_impl.h
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@
     /// @param address_space the 'var' address space
     /// @returns the access mode for a 'var' declaration with the given storage type and address
     /// space.
-    type::Access VarAccess(const Type* storage_type, type::AddressSpace address_space);
+    builtin::Access VarAccess(const Type* storage_type, type::AddressSpace address_space);
 
     /// Creates an AST 'var' node for a SPIR-V ID, including any attached decorations, unless it's
     /// an ignorable builtin variable.
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@
     /// in the error case
     const ast::Var* MakeVar(uint32_t id,
                             type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                            type::Access access,
+                            builtin::Access access,
                             const Type* storage_type,
                             const ast::Expression* initializer,
                             AttributeList decorations);
@@ -674,7 +674,7 @@
         /// The address space of the var
         type::AddressSpace address_space = type::AddressSpace::kUndefined;
         /// The access mode of the var
-        type::Access access = type::Access::kUndefined;
+        builtin::Access access = builtin::Access::kUndefined;
     };
 
     /// Returns the AST variable for the SPIR-V ID of a module-scope variable,
diff --git a/src/tint/reader/spirv/parser_type.cc b/src/tint/reader/spirv/parser_type.cc
index 9051b78..3164c6e 100644
--- a/src/tint/reader/spirv/parser_type.cc
+++ b/src/tint/reader/spirv/parser_type.cc
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@
 
 Texture::~Texture() = default;
 
-Pointer::Pointer(const Type* t, type::AddressSpace s, type::Access a)
+Pointer::Pointer(const Type* t, type::AddressSpace s, builtin::Access a)
     : type(t), address_space(s), access(a) {}
 Pointer::Pointer(const Pointer&) = default;
 
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@
     return b.ty.pointer(type->Build(b), address_space, access);
 }
 
-Reference::Reference(const Type* t, type::AddressSpace s, type::Access a)
+Reference::Reference(const Type* t, type::AddressSpace s, builtin::Access a)
     : type(t), address_space(s), access(a) {}
 Reference::Reference(const Reference&) = default;
 
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@
     return b.ty.sampled_texture(dims, type->Build(b));
 }
 
-StorageTexture::StorageTexture(type::TextureDimension d, type::TexelFormat f, type::Access a)
+StorageTexture::StorageTexture(type::TextureDimension d, type::TexelFormat f, builtin::Access a)
     : Base(d), format(f), access(a) {}
 StorageTexture::StorageTexture(const StorageTexture&) = default;
 
@@ -475,13 +475,13 @@
 
 const spirv::Pointer* TypeManager::Pointer(const Type* el,
                                            type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                                           type::Access access) {
+                                           builtin::Access access) {
     return state->pointers_.Get(el, address_space, access);
 }
 
 const spirv::Reference* TypeManager::Reference(const Type* el,
                                                type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                                               type::Access access) {
+                                               builtin::Access access) {
     return state->references_.Get(el, address_space, access);
 }
 
@@ -530,7 +530,7 @@
 
 const spirv::StorageTexture* TypeManager::StorageTexture(type::TextureDimension dims,
                                                          type::TexelFormat fmt,
-                                                         type::Access access) {
+                                                         builtin::Access access) {
     return state->storage_textures_.Get(dims, fmt, access);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/tint/reader/spirv/parser_type.h b/src/tint/reader/spirv/parser_type.h
index 9805607..18f47d3 100644
--- a/src/tint/reader/spirv/parser_type.h
+++ b/src/tint/reader/spirv/parser_type.h
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "src/tint/ast/type.h"
+#include "src/tint/builtin/access.h"
 #include "src/tint/castable.h"
 #include "src/tint/symbol.h"
-#include "src/tint/type/access.h"
 #include "src/tint/type/address_space.h"
 #include "src/tint/type/sampler_kind.h"
 #include "src/tint/type/texel_format.h"
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@
     /// @param ty the store type
     /// @param sc the pointer address space
     /// @param access the declared access mode
-    Pointer(const Type* ty, type::AddressSpace sc, type::Access access);
+    Pointer(const Type* ty, type::AddressSpace sc, builtin::Access access);
 
     /// Copy constructor
     /// @param other the other type to copy
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@
     /// the pointer address space
     type::AddressSpace const address_space;
     /// the pointer declared access mode
-    type::Access const access;
+    builtin::Access const access;
 };
 
 /// `ref<SC, T, AM>` type
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@
     /// @param ty the referenced type
     /// @param sc the reference address space
     /// @param access the reference declared access mode
-    Reference(const Type* ty, type::AddressSpace sc, type::Access access);
+    Reference(const Type* ty, type::AddressSpace sc, builtin::Access access);
 
     /// Copy constructor
     /// @param other the other type to copy
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@
     /// the pointer address space
     type::AddressSpace const address_space;
     /// the pointer declared access mode
-    type::Access const access;
+    builtin::Access const access;
 };
 
 /// `vecN<T>` type
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@
     /// @param d the texture dimensions
     /// @param f the storage image format
     /// @param a the access control
-    StorageTexture(type::TextureDimension d, type::TexelFormat f, type::Access a);
+    StorageTexture(type::TextureDimension d, type::TexelFormat f, builtin::Access a);
 
     /// Copy constructor
     /// @param other the other type to copy
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@
     type::TexelFormat const format;
 
     /// the access control
-    type::Access const access;
+    builtin::Access const access;
 };
 
 /// Base class for named types
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@
     /// the same pointer.
     const spirv::Pointer* Pointer(const Type* ty,
                                   type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                                  type::Access access = type::Access::kUndefined);
+                                  builtin::Access access = builtin::Access::kUndefined);
     /// @param ty the referenced type
     /// @param address_space the reference address space
     /// @param access the declared access mode
@@ -558,7 +558,7 @@
     /// return the same pointer.
     const spirv::Reference* Reference(const Type* ty,
                                       type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                                      type::Access access = type::Access::kUndefined);
+                                      builtin::Access access = builtin::Access::kUndefined);
     /// @param ty the element type
     /// @param sz the number of elements in the vector
     /// @return a Vector type. Repeated calls with the same arguments will return
@@ -616,7 +616,7 @@
     /// return the same pointer.
     const spirv::StorageTexture* StorageTexture(type::TextureDimension d,
                                                 type::TexelFormat f,
-                                                type::Access a);
+                                                builtin::Access a);
 
   private:
     struct State;
diff --git a/src/tint/reader/spirv/parser_type_test.cc b/src/tint/reader/spirv/parser_type_test.cc
index af1d090..560b24e 100644
--- a/src/tint/reader/spirv/parser_type_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/reader/spirv/parser_type_test.cc
@@ -44,9 +44,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(ty.SampledTexture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, ty.I32()),
               ty.SampledTexture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, ty.I32()));
     EXPECT_EQ(ty.StorageTexture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, type::TexelFormat::kR32Uint,
-                                type::Access::kRead),
+                                builtin::Access::kRead),
               ty.StorageTexture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, type::TexelFormat::kR32Uint,
-                                type::Access::kRead));
+                                builtin::Access::kRead));
 }
 
 TEST(SpvParserTypeTest, DifferentArgumentsGivesDifferentPointer) {
@@ -81,17 +81,17 @@
     EXPECT_NE(ty.SampledTexture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, ty.I32()),
               ty.SampledTexture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, ty.U32()));
     EXPECT_NE(ty.StorageTexture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, type::TexelFormat::kR32Uint,
-                                type::Access::kRead),
+                                builtin::Access::kRead),
               ty.StorageTexture(type::TextureDimension::k3d, type::TexelFormat::kR32Uint,
-                                type::Access::kRead));
+                                builtin::Access::kRead));
     EXPECT_NE(ty.StorageTexture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, type::TexelFormat::kR32Uint,
-                                type::Access::kRead),
+                                builtin::Access::kRead),
               ty.StorageTexture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, type::TexelFormat::kR32Sint,
-                                type::Access::kRead));
+                                builtin::Access::kRead));
     EXPECT_NE(ty.StorageTexture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, type::TexelFormat::kR32Uint,
-                                type::Access::kRead),
+                                builtin::Access::kRead),
               ty.StorageTexture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, type::TexelFormat::kR32Uint,
-                                type::Access::kWrite));
+                                builtin::Access::kWrite));
 }
 
 }  // namespace
diff --git a/src/tint/reader/wgsl/parser_impl.h b/src/tint/reader/wgsl/parser_impl.h
index 64618b3..a034010 100644
--- a/src/tint/reader/wgsl/parser_impl.h
+++ b/src/tint/reader/wgsl/parser_impl.h
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "src/tint/builtin/access.h"
 #include "src/tint/program_builder.h"
 #include "src/tint/reader/wgsl/parser_impl_detail.h"
 #include "src/tint/reader/wgsl/token.h"
diff --git a/src/tint/reader/wgsl/parser_impl_variable_qualifier_test.cc b/src/tint/reader/wgsl/parser_impl_variable_qualifier_test.cc
index 9a8b936..9708f0d 100644
--- a/src/tint/reader/wgsl/parser_impl_variable_qualifier_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/reader/wgsl/parser_impl_variable_qualifier_test.cc
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 struct VariableStorageData {
     const char* input;
     type::AddressSpace address_space;
-    type::Access access;
+    builtin::Access access;
 };
 inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, VariableStorageData data) {
     out << std::string(data.input);
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
     } else {
         EXPECT_EQ(sc->address_space, nullptr);
     }
-    if (params.access != type::Access::kUndefined) {
+    if (params.access != builtin::Access::kUndefined) {
         ast::CheckIdentifier(p->builder().Symbols(), sc->access, utils::ToString(params.access));
     } else {
         EXPECT_EQ(sc->access, nullptr);
@@ -57,15 +57,17 @@
     ParserImplTest,
     VariableQualifierTest,
     testing::Values(
-        VariableStorageData{"uniform", type::AddressSpace::kUniform, type::Access::kUndefined},
-        VariableStorageData{"workgroup", type::AddressSpace::kWorkgroup, type::Access::kUndefined},
-        VariableStorageData{"storage", type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kUndefined},
-        VariableStorageData{"private", type::AddressSpace::kPrivate, type::Access::kUndefined},
-        VariableStorageData{"function", type::AddressSpace::kFunction, type::Access::kUndefined},
-        VariableStorageData{"storage, read", type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead},
-        VariableStorageData{"storage, write", type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kWrite},
+        VariableStorageData{"uniform", type::AddressSpace::kUniform, builtin::Access::kUndefined},
+        VariableStorageData{"workgroup", type::AddressSpace::kWorkgroup,
+                            builtin::Access::kUndefined},
+        VariableStorageData{"storage", type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kUndefined},
+        VariableStorageData{"private", type::AddressSpace::kPrivate, builtin::Access::kUndefined},
+        VariableStorageData{"function", type::AddressSpace::kFunction, builtin::Access::kUndefined},
+        VariableStorageData{"storage, read", type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead},
+        VariableStorageData{"storage, write", type::AddressSpace::kStorage,
+                            builtin::Access::kWrite},
         VariableStorageData{"storage, read_write", type::AddressSpace::kStorage,
-                            type::Access::kReadWrite}));
+                            builtin::Access::kReadWrite}));
 
 TEST_F(ParserImplTest, VariableQualifier_Empty) {
     auto p = parser("var<> name");
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/address_space_validation_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/address_space_validation_test.cc
index 95301c7..b0c27e7 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/address_space_validation_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/address_space_validation_test.cc
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@
     // struct S{ a : f32 };
     // var<storage, read> g : array<S, 3u>;
     Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("a", ty.f32())});
-    GlobalVar("g", ty.array(ty("S"), 3_u), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead,
+    GlobalVar("g", ty.array(ty("S"), 3_u), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead,
               Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@
     Enable(builtin::Extension::kF16);
 
     Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("a", ty.f16())});
-    GlobalVar("g", ty.array(ty("S"), 3_u), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead,
+    GlobalVar("g", ty.array(ty("S"), 3_u), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead,
               Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@
 
     Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("a", ty.f16())});
     Alias("t",
-          ty.pointer(ty.array(ty("S"), 3_u), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead));
+          ty.pointer(ty.array(ty("S"), 3_u), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead));
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
 }
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@
     // struct S { x : i32 };
     // var<storage, read> g : S;
     Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("x", ty.i32())});
-    GlobalVar("g", ty("S"), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
+    GlobalVar("g", ty("S"), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
               Group(0_a));
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@
     // struct S { x : i32 };
     // type t = ptr<storage, read, S>;
     Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("x", ty.i32())});
-    Alias("t", ty.pointer(ty("S"), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead));
+    Alias("t", ty.pointer(ty("S"), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead));
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
 }
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@
     Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("x", ty.i32())});
     Alias("a1", ty("S"));
     Alias("a2", ty("a1"));
-    GlobalVar("g", ty("a2"), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
+    GlobalVar("g", ty("a2"), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
               Group(0_a));
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@
     Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("x", ty.i32())});
     Alias("a1", ty("S"));
     Alias("a2", ty("a1"));
-    Alias("t", ty.pointer(ty("a2"), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead));
+    Alias("t", ty.pointer(ty("a2"), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead));
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
 }
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@
     Enable(builtin::Extension::kF16);
 
     Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("x", ty.f16())});
-    GlobalVar("g", ty("S"), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
+    GlobalVar("g", ty("S"), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
               Group(0_a));
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@
     Enable(builtin::Extension::kF16);
 
     Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("x", ty.f16())});
-    Alias("t", ty.pointer(ty("S"), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead));
+    Alias("t", ty.pointer(ty("S"), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead));
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
 }
@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@
     Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("x", ty.f16())});
     Alias("a1", ty("S"));
     Alias("a2", ty("a1"));
-    GlobalVar("g", ty("a2"), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
+    GlobalVar("g", ty("a2"), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
               Group(0_a));
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
@@ -457,14 +457,15 @@
     Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("x", ty.f16())});
     Alias("a1", ty("S"));
     Alias("a2", ty("a1"));
-    Alias("g", ty.pointer(ty("a2"), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead));
+    Alias("g", ty.pointer(ty("a2"), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead));
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
 }
 
 TEST_F(ResolverAddressSpaceValidationTest, GlobalVariable_NotStorage_AccessMode) {
     // var<private, read> g : a;
-    GlobalVar(Source{{12, 34}}, "g", ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kPrivate, type::Access::kRead);
+    GlobalVar(Source{{12, 34}}, "g", ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kPrivate,
+              builtin::Access::kRead);
 
     ASSERT_FALSE(r()->Resolve());
 
@@ -476,7 +477,7 @@
 TEST_F(ResolverAddressSpaceValidationTest, PointerAlias_NotStorage_AccessMode) {
     // type t = ptr<private, i32, read>;
     Alias("t", ty.pointer(Source{{12, 34}}, ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kPrivate,
-                          type::Access::kRead));
+                          builtin::Access::kRead));
 
     ASSERT_FALSE(r()->Resolve());
 
@@ -487,7 +488,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(ResolverAddressSpaceValidationTest, GlobalVariable_Storage_ReadAccessMode) {
     // @group(0) @binding(0) var<storage, read> a : i32;
-    GlobalVar("a", ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Group(0_a),
+    GlobalVar("a", ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Group(0_a),
               Binding(0_a));
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
@@ -495,14 +496,14 @@
 
 TEST_F(ResolverAddressSpaceValidationTest, PointerAlias_Storage_ReadAccessMode) {
     // type t = ptr<storage, read, i32>;
-    Alias("t", ty.pointer(ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead));
+    Alias("t", ty.pointer(ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead));
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
 }
 
 TEST_F(ResolverAddressSpaceValidationTest, GlobalVariable_Storage_ReadWriteAccessMode) {
     // @group(0) @binding(0) var<storage, read_write> a : i32;
-    GlobalVar("a", ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite, Group(0_a),
+    GlobalVar("a", ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, Group(0_a),
               Binding(0_a));
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
@@ -510,15 +511,15 @@
 
 TEST_F(ResolverAddressSpaceValidationTest, PointerAlias_Storage_ReadWriteAccessMode) {
     // type t = ptr<storage, read_write, i32>;
-    Alias("t", ty.pointer(ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite));
+    Alias("t", ty.pointer(ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite));
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
 }
 
 TEST_F(ResolverAddressSpaceValidationTest, GlobalVariable_Storage_WriteAccessMode) {
     // @group(0) @binding(0) var<storage, read_write> a : i32;
-    GlobalVar(Source{{12, 34}}, "a", ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kWrite,
-              Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
+    GlobalVar(Source{{12, 34}}, "a", ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kStorage,
+              builtin::Access::kWrite, Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
 
     ASSERT_FALSE(r()->Resolve());
 
@@ -529,7 +530,7 @@
 TEST_F(ResolverAddressSpaceValidationTest, PointerAlias_Storage_WriteAccessMode) {
     // type t = ptr<storage, read_write, i32>;
     Alias("t", ty.pointer(Source{{12, 34}}, ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kStorage,
-                          type::Access::kWrite));
+                          builtin::Access::kWrite));
 
     ASSERT_FALSE(r()->Resolve());
 
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/assignment_validation_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/assignment_validation_test.cc
index cf8b505..f8f663b 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/assignment_validation_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/assignment_validation_test.cc
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
     auto* s = Structure("S", utils::Vector{
                                  Member("m", ty.i32()),
                              });
-    GlobalVar(Source{{12, 34}}, "a", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead,
+    GlobalVar(Source{{12, 34}}, "a", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead,
               Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
 
     WrapInFunction(Assign(Source{{56, 78}}, MemberAccessor("a", "m"), 1_i));
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@
 
     auto make_type = [&] {
         return ty.storage_texture(type::TextureDimension::k1d, type::TexelFormat::kRgba8Unorm,
-                                  type::Access::kWrite);
+                                  builtin::Access::kWrite);
     };
 
     GlobalVar("a", make_type(), Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@
                                  Member("a", ty.atomic(ty.i32())),
                              });
     GlobalVar(Source{{12, 34}}, "v", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage,
-              type::Access::kReadWrite, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
+              builtin::Access::kReadWrite, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
 
     WrapInFunction(Assign(Source{{56, 78}}, MemberAccessor("v", "a"), MemberAccessor("v", "a")));
 
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@
                                  Member("a", ty.array(ty.f32())),
                              });
     GlobalVar(Source{{12, 34}}, "v", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage,
-              type::Access::kReadWrite, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
+              builtin::Access::kReadWrite, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
 
     WrapInFunction(Assign(Source{{56, 78}}, MemberAccessor("v", "a"), MemberAccessor("v", "a")));
 
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/atomics_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/atomics_test.cc
index ba83fcd..45d56bf 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/atomics_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/atomics_test.cc
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(ResolverAtomicTest, GlobalStorageStruct) {
     auto* s = Structure("s", utils::Vector{Member("a", ty.atomic(Source{{12, 34}}, ty.i32()))});
-    auto* g = GlobalVar("g", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    auto* g = GlobalVar("g", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
                         Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
 
     EXPECT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/atomics_validation_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/atomics_validation_test.cc
index bd0c5cc..919722b 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/atomics_validation_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/atomics_validation_test.cc
@@ -34,14 +34,14 @@
 
 TEST_F(ResolverAtomicValidationTest, AddressSpace_Storage) {
     GlobalVar("g", ty.atomic(Source{{12, 34}}, ty.i32()), type::AddressSpace::kStorage,
-              type::Access::kReadWrite, Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
+              builtin::Access::kReadWrite, Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
 
     EXPECT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
 }
 
 TEST_F(ResolverAtomicValidationTest, AddressSpace_Storage_Struct) {
     auto* s = Structure("s", utils::Vector{Member(Source{{12, 34}}, "a", ty.atomic(ty.i32()))});
-    GlobalVar("g", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite, Group(0_a),
+    GlobalVar("g", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, Group(0_a),
               Binding(0_a));
 
     EXPECT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(ResolverAtomicValidationTest, Struct_AccessMode_Read) {
     auto* s = Structure("s", utils::Vector{Member(Source{{12, 34}}, "a", ty.atomic(ty.i32()))});
-    GlobalVar(Source{{56, 78}}, "g", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead,
+    GlobalVar(Source{{56, 78}}, "g", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead,
               Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
 
     EXPECT_FALSE(r()->Resolve());
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(ResolverAtomicValidationTest, InvalidAccessMode_Struct) {
     auto* s = Structure("s", utils::Vector{Member(Source{{12, 34}}, "a", ty.atomic(ty.i32()))});
-    GlobalVar(Source{{56, 78}}, "g", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead,
+    GlobalVar(Source{{56, 78}}, "g", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead,
               Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
 
     EXPECT_FALSE(r()->Resolve());
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@
         Structure("Inner", utils::Vector{Member(Source{{12, 34}}, "m", ty.atomic(ty.i32()))});
     auto* Outer = Structure("Outer", utils::Vector{Member("m", ty.Of(Inner))});
     GlobalVar(Source{{56, 78}}, "g", ty.Of(Outer), type::AddressSpace::kStorage,
-              type::Access::kRead, Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
+              builtin::Access::kRead, Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
 
     EXPECT_FALSE(r()->Resolve());
     EXPECT_EQ(
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@
         Structure("Inner", utils::Vector{Member(Source{{12, 34}}, "m", ty.atomic(ty.i32()))});
     auto* Outer = Structure("Outer", utils::Vector{Member("m", ty.Of(Inner))});
     GlobalVar(Source{{56, 78}}, "g", ty.Of(Outer), type::AddressSpace::kStorage,
-              type::Access::kRead, Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
+              builtin::Access::kRead, Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
 
     EXPECT_FALSE(r()->Resolve());
     EXPECT_EQ(
@@ -287,8 +287,8 @@
     auto* s2 = Structure("S2", utils::Vector{Member("x", ty.Of(s3))});
     auto* s1 = Structure("S1", utils::Vector{Member("x", ty.Of(s2))});
     auto* s0 = Structure("S0", utils::Vector{Member("x", ty.Of(s1))});
-    GlobalVar(Source{{12, 34}}, "g", ty.Of(s0), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead,
-              Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
+    GlobalVar(Source{{12, 34}}, "g", ty.Of(s0), type::AddressSpace::kStorage,
+              builtin::Access::kRead, Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
 
     EXPECT_FALSE(r()->Resolve());
     EXPECT_EQ(
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/attribute_validation_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/attribute_validation_test.cc
index 2e4084e..85257f9 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/attribute_validation_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/attribute_validation_test.cc
@@ -735,7 +735,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(StructMemberAttributeTest, Align_Attribute_Var) {
     GlobalVar(Source{{1, 2}}, "val", ty.f32(), type::AddressSpace::kPrivate,
-              type::Access::kUndefined, Expr(1.23_f));
+              builtin::Access::kUndefined, Expr(1.23_f));
 
     Structure(Source{{6, 4}}, "mystruct",
               utils::Vector{Member(Source{{12, 5}}, "a", ty.f32(),
@@ -809,7 +809,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(StructMemberAttributeTest, Size_Attribute_Var) {
     GlobalVar(Source{{1, 2}}, "val", ty.f32(), type::AddressSpace::kPrivate,
-              type::Access::kUndefined, Expr(1.23_f));
+              builtin::Access::kUndefined, Expr(1.23_f));
 
     Structure(Source{{6, 4}}, "mystruct",
               utils::Vector{Member(Source{{12, 5}}, "a", ty.f32(),
@@ -1270,7 +1270,8 @@
     auto* s = Structure("S", utils::Vector{
                                  Member("x", ty.i32()),
                              });
-    GlobalVar(Source{{12, 34}}, "G", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead);
+    GlobalVar(Source{{12, 34}}, "G", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage,
+              builtin::Access::kRead);
 
     EXPECT_FALSE(r()->Resolve());
     EXPECT_EQ(r()->error(),
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/builtin_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/builtin_test.cc
index e3becab..475fd4d 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/builtin_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/builtin_test.cc
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@
 TEST_F(ResolverBuiltinArrayTest, ArrayLength_Vector) {
     auto ary = ty.array<i32>();
     auto* str = Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("x", ary)});
-    GlobalVar("a", ty.Of(str), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
+    GlobalVar("a", ty.Of(str), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
               Group(0_a));
 
     auto* call = Call("arrayLength", AddressOf(MemberAccessor("a", "x")));
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/builtin_validation_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/builtin_validation_test.cc
index 22e13c2..4158bf1 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/builtin_validation_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/builtin_validation_test.cc
@@ -581,7 +581,7 @@
     // fn foo() {
     //   workgroupUniformLoad(&v);
     // }
-    GlobalVar("v", ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    GlobalVar("v", ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
               utils::Vector{Group(0_a), Binding(0_a)});
     WrapInFunction(CallStmt(Call("workgroupUniformLoad", AddressOf(Source{{12, 34}}, "v"))));
 
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/compound_assignment_validation_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/compound_assignment_validation_test.cc
index 64a542c..58f479d 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/compound_assignment_validation_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/compound_assignment_validation_test.cc
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@
     // {
     //   a += 1i;
     // }
-    GlobalVar(Source{{12, 34}}, "a", ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead,
+    GlobalVar(Source{{12, 34}}, "a", ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead,
               Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
     WrapInFunction(CompoundAssign(Source{{56, 78}}, "a", 1_i, ast::BinaryOp::kAdd));
 
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/dependency_graph.cc b/src/tint/resolver/dependency_graph.cc
index 75e377f..37a2244 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/dependency_graph.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/dependency_graph.cc
@@ -487,7 +487,7 @@
                 graph_.resolved_identifiers.Add(from, ResolvedIdentifier(fmt));
                 return;
             }
-            if (auto access = type::ParseAccess(s); access != type::Access::kUndefined) {
+            if (auto access = builtin::ParseAccess(s); access != builtin::Access::kUndefined) {
                 graph_.resolved_identifiers.Add(from, ResolvedIdentifier(access));
                 return;
             }
@@ -861,7 +861,7 @@
     if (auto builtin_ty = BuiltinType(); builtin_ty != type::Builtin::kUndefined) {
         return "builtin type '" + utils::ToString(builtin_ty) + "'";
     }
-    if (auto access = Access(); access != type::Access::kUndefined) {
+    if (auto access = Access(); access != builtin::Access::kUndefined) {
         return "access '" + utils::ToString(access) + "'";
     }
     if (auto addr = AddressSpace(); addr != type::AddressSpace::kUndefined) {
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/dependency_graph.h b/src/tint/resolver/dependency_graph.h
index 7819b52..189e7c2 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/dependency_graph.h
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/dependency_graph.h
@@ -19,10 +19,10 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "src/tint/ast/module.h"
+#include "src/tint/builtin/access.h"
 #include "src/tint/diagnostic/diagnostic.h"
 #include "src/tint/sem/builtin_type.h"
 #include "src/tint/symbol_table.h"
-#include "src/tint/type/access.h"
 #include "src/tint/type/builtin.h"
 #include "src/tint/type/texel_format.h"
 #include "src/tint/utils/hashmap.h"
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 /// - const ast::Variable*  (as const ast::Node*)
 /// - const ast::Function*  (as const ast::Node*)
 /// - sem::BuiltinType
-/// - type::Access
+/// - builtin::Access
 /// - type::AddressSpace
 /// - type::Builtin
 /// - type::TexelFormat
@@ -68,13 +68,13 @@
         return sem::BuiltinType::kNone;
     }
 
-    /// @return the access if the ResolvedIdentifier holds type::Access, otherwise
-    /// type::Access::kUndefined
-    type::Access Access() const {
-        if (auto n = std::get_if<type::Access>(&value_)) {
+    /// @return the access if the ResolvedIdentifier holds builtin::Access, otherwise
+    /// builtin::Access::kUndefined
+    builtin::Access Access() const {
+        if (auto n = std::get_if<builtin::Access>(&value_)) {
             return *n;
         }
-        return type::Access::kUndefined;
+        return builtin::Access::kUndefined;
     }
 
     /// @return the address space if the ResolvedIdentifier holds type::AddressSpace, otherwise
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@
     std::variant<std::monostate,
                  const ast::Node*,
                  sem::BuiltinType,
-                 type::Access,
+                 builtin::Access,
                  type::AddressSpace,
                  type::Builtin,
                  type::TexelFormat>
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/dependency_graph_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/dependency_graph_test.cc
index a316ad0..e9ef46b 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/dependency_graph_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/dependency_graph_test.cc
@@ -1330,7 +1330,7 @@
 }  // namespace resolve_to_builtin_type
 
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-// Resolve to type::Access tests
+// Resolve to builtin::Access tests
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 namespace resolve_to_access {
 
@@ -1348,7 +1348,7 @@
 
     auto resolved = Build().resolved_identifiers.Get(ident);
     ASSERT_TRUE(resolved);
-    EXPECT_EQ(resolved->Access(), type::ParseAccess(name))
+    EXPECT_EQ(resolved->Access(), builtin::ParseAccess(name))
         << resolved->String(Symbols(), Diagnostics());
 }
 
@@ -1400,17 +1400,17 @@
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(Types,
                          ResolverDependencyGraphResolveToAccess,
                          testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(kTypeUseKinds),
-                                          testing::ValuesIn(type::kAccessStrings)));
+                                          testing::ValuesIn(builtin::kAccessStrings)));
 
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(Values,
                          ResolverDependencyGraphResolveToAccess,
                          testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(kValueUseKinds),
-                                          testing::ValuesIn(type::kAccessStrings)));
+                                          testing::ValuesIn(builtin::kAccessStrings)));
 
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(Functions,
                          ResolverDependencyGraphResolveToAccess,
                          testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(kFuncUseKinds),
-                                          testing::ValuesIn(type::kAccessStrings)));
+                                          testing::ValuesIn(builtin::kAccessStrings)));
 
 }  // namespace resolve_to_access
 
@@ -1735,7 +1735,7 @@
     GlobalVar(Sym(), ty.external_texture());
     GlobalVar(Sym(), ty.multisampled_texture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, T));
     GlobalVar(Sym(), ty.storage_texture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, type::TexelFormat::kR32Float,
-                                        type::Access::kRead));
+                                        builtin::Access::kRead));
     GlobalVar(Sym(), ty.sampler(type::SamplerKind::kSampler));
 
     GlobalVar(Sym(), ty.i32(), utils::Vector{Binding(V), Group(V)});
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/expression_kind_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/expression_kind_test.cc
index dc3d8a8..1835971 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/expression_kind_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/expression_kind_test.cc
@@ -125,9 +125,9 @@
             sym = Sym("write");
             check_expr = [](const sem::Expression* expr) {
                 ASSERT_NE(expr, nullptr);
-                auto* enum_expr = expr->As<sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<type::Access>>();
+                auto* enum_expr = expr->As<sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<builtin::Access>>();
                 ASSERT_NE(enum_expr, nullptr);
-                EXPECT_EQ(enum_expr->Value(), type::Access::kWrite);
+                EXPECT_EQ(enum_expr->Value(), builtin::Access::kWrite);
             };
             break;
         }
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/host_shareable_validation_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/host_shareable_validation_test.cc
index b518b57..059a3e5 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/host_shareable_validation_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/host_shareable_validation_test.cc
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
     auto* s =
         Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member(Source{{56, 78}}, "x", ty.bool_(Source{{12, 34}}))});
 
-    GlobalVar(Source{{90, 12}}, "g", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead,
+    GlobalVar(Source{{90, 12}}, "g", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead,
               Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
 
     ASSERT_FALSE(r()->Resolve());
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
     auto* s = Structure(
         "S", utils::Vector{Member(Source{{56, 78}}, "x", ty.vec3<bool>(Source{{12, 34}}))});
 
-    GlobalVar(Source{{90, 12}}, "g", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead,
+    GlobalVar(Source{{90, 12}}, "g", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead,
               Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
 
     ASSERT_FALSE(r()->Resolve());
@@ -62,8 +62,8 @@
     auto* s =
         Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member(Source{{56, 78}}, "x", ty(Source{{12, 34}}, "a1"))});
     auto* a2 = Alias("a2", ty.Of(s));
-    GlobalVar(Source{{90, 12}}, "g", ty.Of(a2), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead,
-              Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
+    GlobalVar(Source{{90, 12}}, "g", ty.Of(a2), type::AddressSpace::kStorage,
+              builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
 
     ASSERT_FALSE(r()->Resolve());
 
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
 
     auto* s = Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member(Source{{7, 8}}, "m", ty.Of(i3))});
 
-    GlobalVar(Source{{9, 10}}, "g", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead,
+    GlobalVar(Source{{9, 10}}, "g", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead,
               Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
 
     ASSERT_FALSE(r()->Resolve());
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@
 
     auto* s = Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member(Source{{7, 8}}, "m", ty.Of(i3))});
 
-    GlobalVar(Source{{9, 10}}, "g", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead,
+    GlobalVar(Source{{9, 10}}, "g", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead,
               Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/increment_decrement_validation_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/increment_decrement_validation_test.cc
index 7cca736..7848daa 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/increment_decrement_validation_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/increment_decrement_validation_test.cc
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@
     // {
     //   a++;
     // }
-    GlobalVar(Source{{12, 34}}, "a", ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead,
+    GlobalVar(Source{{12, 34}}, "a", ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead,
               Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
     WrapInFunction(Increment(Source{{56, 78}}, "a"));
 
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/intrinsic_table.cc b/src/tint/resolver/intrinsic_table.cc
index ecaefb2..12d07ac 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/intrinsic_table.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/intrinsic_table.cc
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@
 // template
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 using TexelFormat = type::TexelFormat;
-using Access = type::Access;
+using Access = builtin::Access;
 using AddressSpace = type::AddressSpace;
 using ParameterUsage = sem::ParameterUsage;
 using PipelineStage = ast::PipelineStage;
@@ -561,7 +561,7 @@
 
 const type::Pointer* build_ptr(MatchState& state, Number S, const type::Type* T, Number& A) {
     return state.builder.create<type::Pointer>(T, static_cast<type::AddressSpace>(S.Value()),
-                                               static_cast<type::Access>(A.Value()));
+                                               static_cast<builtin::Access>(A.Value()));
 }
 
 bool match_atomic(MatchState&, const type::Type* ty, const type::Type*& T) {
@@ -1276,7 +1276,7 @@
         for (auto& p : match.parameters) {
             params.Push(builder.create<sem::Parameter>(
                 nullptr, static_cast<uint32_t>(params.Length()), p.type,
-                type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined, p.usage));
+                type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kUndefined, p.usage));
         }
         sem::PipelineStageSet supported_stages;
         if (match.overload->flags.Contains(OverloadFlag::kSupportsVertexPipeline)) {
@@ -1477,7 +1477,7 @@
         for (auto& p : match.parameters) {
             params.Push(builder.create<sem::Parameter>(
                 nullptr, static_cast<uint32_t>(params.Length()), p.type,
-                type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined, p.usage));
+                type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kUndefined, p.usage));
         }
         auto eval_stage = match.overload->const_eval_fn ? sem::EvaluationStage::kConstant
                                                         : sem::EvaluationStage::kRuntime;
@@ -1492,7 +1492,7 @@
     auto* target = converters.GetOrCreate(match, [&]() {
         auto param = builder.create<sem::Parameter>(
             nullptr, 0u, match.parameters[0].type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-            type::Access::kUndefined, match.parameters[0].usage);
+            builtin::Access::kUndefined, match.parameters[0].usage);
         auto eval_stage = match.overload->const_eval_fn ? sem::EvaluationStage::kConstant
                                                         : sem::EvaluationStage::kRuntime;
         return builder.create<sem::TypeConversion>(match.return_type, param, eval_stage);
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/intrinsic_table_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/intrinsic_table_test.cc
index c649c46..624a208 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/intrinsic_table_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/intrinsic_table_test.cc
@@ -231,8 +231,8 @@
 TEST_F(IntrinsicTableTest, MatchPointer) {
     auto* i32 = create<type::I32>();
     auto* atomicI32 = create<type::Atomic>(i32);
-    auto* ptr =
-        create<type::Pointer>(atomicI32, type::AddressSpace::kWorkgroup, type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* ptr = create<type::Pointer>(atomicI32, type::AddressSpace::kWorkgroup,
+                                      builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
     auto result = table->Lookup(BuiltinType::kAtomicLoad, utils::Vector{ptr},
                                 sem::EvaluationStage::kConstant, Source{});
     ASSERT_NE(result.sem, nullptr) << Diagnostics().str();
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@
     auto* arr =
         create<type::Array>(create<type::U32>(), create<type::RuntimeArrayCount>(), 4u, 4u, 4u, 4u);
     auto* arr_ptr =
-        create<type::Pointer>(arr, type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite);
+        create<type::Pointer>(arr, type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
     auto result = table->Lookup(BuiltinType::kArrayLength, utils::Vector{arr_ptr},
                                 sem::EvaluationStage::kConstant, Source{});
     ASSERT_NE(result.sem, nullptr) << Diagnostics().str();
@@ -415,8 +415,9 @@
     auto* vec2_i32 = create<type::Vector>(i32, 2u);
     auto* vec4_f32 = create<type::Vector>(f32, 4u);
     auto* subtype = type::StorageTexture::SubtypeFor(type::TexelFormat::kR32Float, Types());
-    auto* tex = create<type::StorageTexture>(
-        type::TextureDimension::k2d, type::TexelFormat::kR32Float, type::Access::kWrite, subtype);
+    auto* tex =
+        create<type::StorageTexture>(type::TextureDimension::k2d, type::TexelFormat::kR32Float,
+                                     builtin::Access::kWrite, subtype);
 
     auto result = table->Lookup(BuiltinType::kTextureStore, utils::Vector{tex, vec2_i32, vec4_f32},
                                 sem::EvaluationStage::kConstant, Source{});
@@ -445,12 +446,12 @@
 
 TEST_F(IntrinsicTableTest, ImplicitLoadOnReference) {
     auto* f32 = create<type::F32>();
-    auto result = table->Lookup(
-        BuiltinType::kCos,
-        utils::Vector{
-            create<type::Reference>(f32, type::AddressSpace::kFunction, type::Access::kReadWrite),
-        },
-        sem::EvaluationStage::kConstant, Source{});
+    auto result = table->Lookup(BuiltinType::kCos,
+                                utils::Vector{
+                                    create<type::Reference>(f32, type::AddressSpace::kFunction,
+                                                            builtin::Access::kReadWrite),
+                                },
+                                sem::EvaluationStage::kConstant, Source{});
     ASSERT_NE(result.sem, nullptr) << Diagnostics().str();
     ASSERT_EQ(Diagnostics().str(), "");
     EXPECT_EQ(result.sem->Type(), BuiltinType::kCos);
@@ -549,7 +550,7 @@
 TEST_F(IntrinsicTableTest, MatchDifferentArgsElementType_Builtin_RuntimeEval) {
     auto* af = create<type::AbstractFloat>();
     auto* bool_ref = create<type::Reference>(create<type::Bool>(), type::AddressSpace::kFunction,
-                                             type::Access::kReadWrite);
+                                             builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
     auto result = table->Lookup(BuiltinType::kSelect, utils::Vector{af, af, bool_ref},
                                 sem::EvaluationStage::kRuntime, Source{});
     ASSERT_NE(result.sem, nullptr) << Diagnostics().str();
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/is_host_shareable_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/is_host_shareable_test.cc
index 8696900..0d65111 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/is_host_shareable_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/is_host_shareable_test.cc
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(ResolverIsHostShareable, Pointer) {
     auto* ptr = create<type::Pointer>(create<type::I32>(), type::AddressSpace::kPrivate,
-                                      type::Access::kReadWrite);
+                                      builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
     EXPECT_FALSE(r()->IsHostShareable(ptr));
 }
 
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/is_storeable_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/is_storeable_test.cc
index bfe64c4..af48077 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/is_storeable_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/is_storeable_test.cc
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(ResolverIsStorableTest, Pointer) {
     auto* ptr = create<type::Pointer>(create<type::I32>(), type::AddressSpace::kPrivate,
-                                      type::Access::kReadWrite);
+                                      builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
     EXPECT_FALSE(r()->IsStorable(ptr));
 }
 
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/ptr_ref_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/ptr_ref_test.cc
index 692bd3b..7f9c957 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/ptr_ref_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/ptr_ref_test.cc
@@ -101,11 +101,11 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(TypeOf(storage_ptr)->Is<type::Pointer>())
         << "storage_ptr is " << TypeOf(storage_ptr)->TypeInfo().name;
 
-    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(function_ptr)->As<type::Pointer>()->Access(), type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(private_ptr)->As<type::Pointer>()->Access(), type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(workgroup_ptr)->As<type::Pointer>()->Access(), type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(uniform_ptr)->As<type::Pointer>()->Access(), type::Access::kRead);
-    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(storage_ptr)->As<type::Pointer>()->Access(), type::Access::kRead);
+    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(function_ptr)->As<type::Pointer>()->Access(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(private_ptr)->As<type::Pointer>()->Access(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(workgroup_ptr)->As<type::Pointer>()->Access(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(uniform_ptr)->As<type::Pointer>()->Access(), builtin::Access::kRead);
+    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(storage_ptr)->As<type::Pointer>()->Access(), builtin::Access::kRead);
 }
 
 }  // namespace
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/ptr_ref_validation_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/ptr_ref_validation_test.cc
index 9f6f390..078782c 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/ptr_ref_validation_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/ptr_ref_validation_test.cc
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@
     auto* inner = Structure("Inner", utils::Vector{Member("arr", ty.array<i32, 4>())});
     auto* buf = Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("inner", ty.Of(inner))});
     auto* storage = GlobalVar("s", ty.Of(buf), type::AddressSpace::kStorage,
-                              type::Access::kReadWrite, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
+                              builtin::Access::kReadWrite, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
 
     auto* expr = IndexAccessor(MemberAccessor(MemberAccessor(storage, "inner"), "arr"), 2_i);
     auto* ptr =
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/resolver.cc b/src/tint/resolver/resolver.cc
index 8336765..5f4e89d 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/resolver.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/resolver.cc
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@
 #include "src/tint/utils/transform.h"
 #include "src/tint/utils/vector.h"
 
-TINT_INSTANTIATE_TYPEINFO(tint::sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<tint::type::Access>);
+TINT_INSTANTIATE_TYPEINFO(tint::sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<tint::builtin::Access>);
 TINT_INSTANTIATE_TYPEINFO(tint::sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<tint::type::AddressSpace>);
 TINT_INSTANTIATE_TYPEINFO(tint::sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<tint::type::TexelFormat>);
 
@@ -270,12 +270,12 @@
     if (is_global) {
         sem = builder_->create<sem::GlobalVariable>(
             v, ty, sem::EvaluationStage::kRuntime, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-            type::Access::kUndefined,
+            builtin::Access::kUndefined,
             /* constant_value */ nullptr, sem::BindingPoint{}, std::nullopt);
     } else {
         sem = builder_->create<sem::LocalVariable>(v, ty, sem::EvaluationStage::kRuntime,
                                                    type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                                   type::Access::kUndefined, current_statement_,
+                                                   builtin::Access::kUndefined, current_statement_,
                                                    /* constant_value */ nullptr);
     }
 
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@
 
     auto* sem = builder_->create<sem::GlobalVariable>(
         v, ty, sem::EvaluationStage::kOverride, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-        type::Access::kUndefined,
+        builtin::Access::kUndefined,
         /* constant_value */ nullptr, sem::BindingPoint{}, std::nullopt);
     sem->SetInitializer(rhs);
 
@@ -427,10 +427,10 @@
     auto* sem = is_global
                     ? static_cast<sem::Variable*>(builder_->create<sem::GlobalVariable>(
                           c, ty, sem::EvaluationStage::kConstant, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                          type::Access::kUndefined, value, sem::BindingPoint{}, std::nullopt))
+                          builtin::Access::kUndefined, value, sem::BindingPoint{}, std::nullopt))
                     : static_cast<sem::Variable*>(builder_->create<sem::LocalVariable>(
                           c, ty, sem::EvaluationStage::kConstant, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                          type::Access::kUndefined, current_statement_, value));
+                          builtin::Access::kUndefined, current_statement_, value));
 
     sem->SetInitializer(rhs);
     builder_->Sem().Add(c, sem);
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@
         return nullptr;
     }
 
-    auto access = type::Access::kUndefined;
+    auto access = builtin::Access::kUndefined;
     if (var->declared_access) {
         auto expr = AccessExpression(var->declared_access);
         if (!expr) {
@@ -673,7 +673,7 @@
     }
 
     auto* sem = builder_->create<sem::Parameter>(
-        param, index, ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined,
+        param, index, ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kUndefined,
         sem::ParameterUsage::kNone, binding_point, location);
     builder_->Sem().Add(param, sem);
     return sem;
@@ -703,17 +703,17 @@
     return static_cast<uint32_t>(value);
 }
 
-type::Access Resolver::DefaultAccessForAddressSpace(type::AddressSpace address_space) {
+builtin::Access Resolver::DefaultAccessForAddressSpace(type::AddressSpace address_space) {
     // https://gpuweb.github.io/gpuweb/wgsl/#storage-class
     switch (address_space) {
         case type::AddressSpace::kStorage:
         case type::AddressSpace::kUniform:
         case type::AddressSpace::kHandle:
-            return type::Access::kRead;
+            return builtin::Access::kRead;
         default:
             break;
     }
-    return type::Access::kReadWrite;
+    return builtin::Access::kReadWrite;
 }
 
 bool Resolver::AllocateOverridableConstantIds() {
@@ -1507,7 +1507,8 @@
     return sem_.AsTexelFormat(Expression(expr));
 }
 
-sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<type::Access>* Resolver::AccessExpression(const ast::Expression* expr) {
+sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<builtin::Access>* Resolver::AccessExpression(
+    const ast::Expression* expr) {
     return sem_.AsAccess(Expression(expr));
 }
 
@@ -2027,7 +2028,7 @@
                                 static_cast<uint32_t>(i),        // index
                                 arr->ElemType(),                 // type
                                 type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,  // address_space
-                                type::Access::kUndefined);
+                                builtin::Access::kUndefined);
                         });
                         return builder_->create<sem::TypeInitializer>(arr, std::move(params),
                                                                       args_stage);
@@ -2056,7 +2057,7 @@
                                 static_cast<uint32_t>(i),        // index
                                 str->Members()[i]->Type(),       // type
                                 type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,  // address_space
-                                type::Access::kUndefined);       // access
+                                builtin::Access::kUndefined);    // access
                         }
                         return builder_->create<sem::TypeInitializer>(str, std::move(params),
                                                                       args_stage);
@@ -2976,9 +2977,9 @@
         return nullptr;
     }
 
-    if (auto access = resolved->Access(); access != type::Access::kUndefined) {
-        return builder_->create<sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<type::Access>>(expr, current_statement_,
-                                                                          access);
+    if (auto access = resolved->Access(); access != builtin::Access::kUndefined) {
+        return builder_->create<sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<builtin::Access>>(
+            expr, current_statement_, access);
     }
 
     if (auto addr = resolved->AddressSpace(); addr != type::AddressSpace::kUndefined) {
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/resolver.h b/src/tint/resolver/resolver.h
index 003fa3d..4057f73 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/resolver.h
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/resolver.h
@@ -150,10 +150,10 @@
     sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<type::TexelFormat>* TexelFormatExpression(
         const ast::Expression* expr);
 
-    /// @returns the call of Expression() cast to a sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<type::Access>*.
-    /// If the sem::Expression is not a sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<type::Access>*, then an error
+    /// @returns the call of Expression() cast to a sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<builtin::Access>*.
+    /// If the sem::Expression is not a sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<builtin::Access>*, then an error
     /// diagnostic is raised and nullptr is returned.
-    sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<type::Access>* AccessExpression(const ast::Expression* expr);
+    sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<builtin::Access>* AccessExpression(const ast::Expression* expr);
 
     /// Expression traverses the graph of expressions starting at `expr`, building a post-ordered
     /// list (leaf-first) of all the expression nodes. Each of the expressions are then resolved by
@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@
 
     /// @param address_space the address space
     /// @returns the default access control for the given address space
-    type::Access DefaultAccessForAddressSpace(type::AddressSpace address_space);
+    builtin::Access DefaultAccessForAddressSpace(type::AddressSpace address_space);
 
     /// Allocate constant IDs for pipeline-overridable constants.
     /// @returns true on success, false on error
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/resolver_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/resolver_test.cc
index c926f7a..1d14498 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/resolver_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/resolver_test.cc
@@ -921,7 +921,7 @@
     auto* s = Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("m", ty.u32())});
 
     auto* sb_var = GlobalVar("sb_var", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage,
-                             type::Access::kReadWrite, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
+                             builtin::Access::kReadWrite, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
     auto* wg_var = GlobalVar("wg_var", ty.f32(), type::AddressSpace::kWorkgroup);
     auto* priv_var = GlobalVar("priv_var", ty.f32(), type::AddressSpace::kPrivate);
 
@@ -989,7 +989,7 @@
     auto* s = Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("m", ty.u32())});
 
     auto* sb_var = GlobalVar("sb_var", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage,
-                             type::Access::kReadWrite, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
+                             builtin::Access::kReadWrite, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
     auto* wg_var = GlobalVar("wg_var", ty.f32(), type::AddressSpace::kWorkgroup);
     auto* priv_var = GlobalVar("priv_var", ty.f32(), type::AddressSpace::kPrivate);
 
@@ -1913,7 +1913,7 @@
 
     EXPECT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
 
-    EXPECT_EQ(Sem().Get(var)->Access(), type::Access::kRead);
+    EXPECT_EQ(Sem().Get(var)->Access(), builtin::Access::kRead);
 }
 
 TEST_F(ResolverTest, BindingPoint_SetForResources) {
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/resolver_test_helper.h b/src/tint/resolver/resolver_test_helper.h
index 67d71b8..7f68f25 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/resolver_test_helper.h
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/resolver_test_helper.h
@@ -629,13 +629,13 @@
     /// @return a new AST alias type
     static inline ast::Type AST(ProgramBuilder& b) {
         return b.ty.pointer(DataType<T>::AST(b), type::AddressSpace::kPrivate,
-                            type::Access::kUndefined);
+                            builtin::Access::kUndefined);
     }
     /// @param b the ProgramBuilder
     /// @return the semantic aliased type
     static inline const type::Type* Sem(ProgramBuilder& b) {
         return b.create<type::Pointer>(DataType<T>::Sem(b), type::AddressSpace::kPrivate,
-                                       type::Access::kReadWrite);
+                                       builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
     }
 
     /// @param b the ProgramBuilder
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/sem_helper.cc b/src/tint/resolver/sem_helper.cc
index 01a737c..1515812 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/sem_helper.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/sem_helper.cc
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
                      fn_expr->Declaration()->source);
             NoteDeclarationSource(fn);
         },
-        [&](const sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<type::Access>* access) {
+        [&](const sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<builtin::Access>* access) {
             AddError("cannot use access '" + utils::ToString(access->Value()) + "' as " +
                          std::string(wanted),
                      access->Declaration()->source);
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/sem_helper.h b/src/tint/resolver/sem_helper.h
index dd752d3..a1de91b 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/sem_helper.h
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/sem_helper.h
@@ -135,11 +135,11 @@
 
     /// @param expr the semantic node
     /// @returns nullptr if @p expr is nullptr, or @p expr cast to
-    /// sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<type::Access> if the cast is successful, otherwise an error
+    /// sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<builtin::Access> if the cast is successful, otherwise an error
     /// diagnostic is raised.
-    sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<type::Access>* AsAccess(sem::Expression* expr) const {
+    sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<builtin::Access>* AsAccess(sem::Expression* expr) const {
         if (TINT_LIKELY(expr)) {
-            auto* enum_expr = expr->As<sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<type::Access>>();
+            auto* enum_expr = expr->As<sem::BuiltinEnumExpression<builtin::Access>>();
             if (TINT_LIKELY(enum_expr)) {
                 return enum_expr;
             }
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/side_effects_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/side_effects_test.cc
index 456b371..90fcdb9 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/side_effects_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/side_effects_test.cc
@@ -179,8 +179,8 @@
     GlobalVar("storage_arr", ty.array<f32>(), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, Group(0_a),
               Binding(AInt(next_binding++)));
     GlobalVar("workgroup_arr", ty.array<f32, 4>(), type::AddressSpace::kWorkgroup);
-    GlobalVar("a", ty.atomic(ty.i32()), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
-              Group(0_a), Binding(AInt(next_binding++)));
+    GlobalVar("a", ty.atomic(ty.i32()), type::AddressSpace::kStorage,
+              tint::builtin::Access::kReadWrite, Group(0_a), Binding(AInt(next_binding++)));
     if (c.pipeline_stage != ast::PipelineStage::kCompute) {
         GlobalVar("t2d", ty.sampled_texture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, ty.f32()), Group(0_a),
                   Binding(AInt(next_binding++)));
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@
                   Group(0_a), Binding(AInt(next_binding++)));
         GlobalVar("tstorage2d",
                   ty.storage_texture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, type::TexelFormat::kR32Float,
-                                     type::Access::kWrite),
+                                     tint::builtin::Access::kWrite),
                   Group(0_a), Binding(AInt(next_binding++)));
         GlobalVar("s2d", ty.sampler(type::SamplerKind::kSampler), Group(0_a),
                   Binding(AInt(next_binding++)));
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/struct_address_space_use_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/struct_address_space_use_test.cc
index ae4e544..1b42e75 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/struct_address_space_use_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/struct_address_space_use_test.cc
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@
 TEST_F(ResolverAddressSpaceUseTest, StructMultipleAddressSpaceUses) {
     auto* s = Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("a", ty.f32())});
     GlobalVar("x", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kUniform, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
-    GlobalVar("y", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
+    GlobalVar("y", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
               Group(0_a));
     WrapInFunction(Var("g", ty.Of(s)));
 
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/type_initializer_validation_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/type_initializer_validation_test.cc
index dde1a2e..f269aa2 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/type_initializer_validation_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/type_initializer_validation_test.cc
@@ -97,8 +97,9 @@
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
     auto* got = TypeOf(a_ident);
-    auto* expected = create<type::Reference>(
-        params.create_rhs_sem_type(*this), type::AddressSpace::kFunction, type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* expected =
+        create<type::Reference>(params.create_rhs_sem_type(*this), type::AddressSpace::kFunction,
+                                builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
     ASSERT_EQ(got, expected) << "got:      " << FriendlyName(got) << "\n"
                              << "expected: " << FriendlyName(expected) << "\n";
 }
@@ -151,8 +152,9 @@
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
     auto* got = TypeOf(a_ident);
-    auto* expected = create<type::Reference>(
-        params.create_rhs_sem_type(*this), type::AddressSpace::kFunction, type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* expected =
+        create<type::Reference>(params.create_rhs_sem_type(*this), type::AddressSpace::kFunction,
+                                builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
     ASSERT_EQ(got, expected) << "got:      " << FriendlyName(got) << "\n"
                              << "expected: " << FriendlyName(expected) << "\n";
 }
@@ -199,8 +201,9 @@
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
     auto* got = TypeOf(a_ident);
-    auto* expected = create<type::Reference>(
-        params.create_rhs_sem_type(*this), type::AddressSpace::kFunction, type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* expected =
+        create<type::Reference>(params.create_rhs_sem_type(*this), type::AddressSpace::kFunction,
+                                builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
     ASSERT_EQ(got, expected) << "got:      " << FriendlyName(got) << "\n"
                              << "expected: " << FriendlyName(expected) << "\n";
 }
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/type_validation_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/type_validation_test.cc
index efc55f0..8559b9a 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/type_validation_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/type_validation_test.cc
@@ -1066,7 +1066,7 @@
     auto& params = GetParam();
 
     auto st = ty(Source{{12, 34}}, params.name, utils::ToString(type::TexelFormat::kR32Uint),
-                 utils::ToString(type::Access::kWrite));
+                 utils::ToString(builtin::Access::kWrite));
 
     GlobalVar("a", st, Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
 
@@ -1117,19 +1117,19 @@
     // var d : texture_storage_3d<*, write>;
 
     auto st_a = ty.storage_texture(Source{{12, 34}}, type::TextureDimension::k1d, params.format,
-                                   type::Access::kWrite);
+                                   builtin::Access::kWrite);
     GlobalVar("a", st_a, Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
 
     ast::Type st_b =
-        ty.storage_texture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, params.format, type::Access::kWrite);
+        ty.storage_texture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, params.format, builtin::Access::kWrite);
     GlobalVar("b", st_b, Group(0_a), Binding(1_a));
 
-    ast::Type st_c =
-        ty.storage_texture(type::TextureDimension::k2dArray, params.format, type::Access::kWrite);
+    ast::Type st_c = ty.storage_texture(type::TextureDimension::k2dArray, params.format,
+                                        builtin::Access::kWrite);
     GlobalVar("c", st_c, Group(0_a), Binding(2_a));
 
     ast::Type st_d =
-        ty.storage_texture(type::TextureDimension::k3d, params.format, type::Access::kWrite);
+        ty.storage_texture(type::TextureDimension::k3d, params.format, builtin::Access::kWrite);
     GlobalVar("d", st_d, Group(0_a), Binding(3_a));
 
     if (params.is_valid) {
@@ -1176,7 +1176,7 @@
     // var a : texture_storage_1d<r32uint, read_write>;
 
     auto st = ty.storage_texture(Source{{12, 34}}, type::TextureDimension::k1d,
-                                 type::TexelFormat::kR32Uint, type::Access::kReadWrite);
+                                 type::TexelFormat::kR32Uint, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
 
     GlobalVar("a", st, Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
 
@@ -1190,7 +1190,7 @@
     // var a : texture_storage_1d<r32uint, read>;
 
     auto st = ty.storage_texture(Source{{12, 34}}, type::TextureDimension::k1d,
-                                 type::TexelFormat::kR32Uint, type::Access::kRead);
+                                 type::TexelFormat::kR32Uint, builtin::Access::kRead);
 
     GlobalVar("a", st, Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
 
@@ -1204,7 +1204,7 @@
     // var a : texture_storage_1d<r32uint, write>;
 
     auto st = ty.storage_texture(type::TextureDimension::k1d, type::TexelFormat::kR32Uint,
-                                 type::Access::kWrite);
+                                 builtin::Access::kWrite);
 
     GlobalVar("a", st, Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
 
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/uniformity.cc b/src/tint/resolver/uniformity.cc
index 61e0dad..1fe67c8 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/uniformity.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/uniformity.cc
@@ -1211,7 +1211,7 @@
             [&](const sem::GlobalVariable* global) {
                 // Loads from global read-write variables may be non-uniform.
                 if (global->Declaration()->Is<ast::Var>() &&
-                    global->Access() != type::Access::kRead && load_rule) {
+                    global->Access() != builtin::Access::kRead && load_rule) {
                     node->AddEdge(current_function_->may_be_non_uniform);
                 } else {
                     node->AddEdge(cf);
@@ -1228,7 +1228,7 @@
                         // We are loading from the pointer, so add an edge to its contents.
                         auto* root = var_user->RootIdentifier();
                         if (root->Is<sem::GlobalVariable>()) {
-                            if (root->Access() != type::Access::kRead) {
+                            if (root->Access() != builtin::Access::kRead) {
                                 // The contents of a mutable global variable is always non-uniform.
                                 node->AddEdge(current_function_->may_be_non_uniform);
                             }
@@ -1473,7 +1473,7 @@
 
                 auto* root = sem_arg->RootIdentifier();
                 if (root->Is<sem::GlobalVariable>()) {
-                    if (root->Access() != type::Access::kRead) {
+                    if (root->Access() != builtin::Access::kRead) {
                         // The contents of a mutable global variable is always non-uniform.
                         arg_contents->AddEdge(current_function_->may_be_non_uniform);
                     }
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/validator.cc b/src/tint/resolver/validator.cc
index 2935c70..c7f790b 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/validator.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/validator.cc
@@ -311,9 +311,9 @@
 
 bool Validator::StorageTexture(const type::StorageTexture* t, const Source& source) const {
     switch (t->access()) {
-        case type::Access::kWrite:
+        case builtin::Access::kWrite:
             break;
-        case type::Access::kUndefined:
+        case builtin::Access::kUndefined:
             AddError("storage texture missing access control", source);
             return false;
         default:
@@ -2373,7 +2373,7 @@
         AddError("storage type of assignment must be constructible", a->source);
         return false;
     }
-    if (lhs_ref->Access() == type::Access::kRead) {
+    if (lhs_ref->Access() == builtin::Access::kRead) {
         AddError("cannot store into a read-only type '" + sem_.RawTypeNameOf(lhs_ty) + "'",
                  a->source);
         return false;
@@ -2414,7 +2414,7 @@
         return false;
     }
 
-    if (lhs_ref->Access() == type::Access::kRead) {
+    if (lhs_ref->Access() == builtin::Access::kRead) {
         AddError("cannot modify read-only type '" + sem_.RawTypeNameOf(lhs_ty) + "'", inc->source);
         return false;
     }
@@ -2505,7 +2505,7 @@
 
 bool Validator::CheckTypeAccessAddressSpace(
     const type::Type* store_ty,
-    type::Access access,
+    builtin::Access access,
     type::AddressSpace address_space,
     utils::VectorRef<const tint::ast::Attribute*> attributes,
     const Source& source) const {
@@ -2523,7 +2523,7 @@
         return false;
     }
 
-    if (address_space == type::AddressSpace::kStorage && access == type::Access::kWrite) {
+    if (address_space == type::AddressSpace::kStorage && access == builtin::Access::kWrite) {
         // The access mode for the storage address space can only be 'read' or
         // 'read_write'.
         AddError("access mode 'write' is not valid for the 'storage' address space", source);
@@ -2535,7 +2535,8 @@
             address_space != type::AddressSpace::kWorkgroup) {
             return "atomic variables must have <storage> or <workgroup> address space";
         }
-        if (address_space == type::AddressSpace::kStorage && access != type::Access::kReadWrite) {
+        if (address_space == type::AddressSpace::kStorage &&
+            access != builtin::Access::kReadWrite) {
             return "atomic variables in <storage> address space must have read_write access "
                    "mode";
         }
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/validator.h b/src/tint/resolver/validator.h
index 499dcda..55be986 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/validator.h
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/validator.h
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@
     /// @param source the source for the error
     /// @returns true on success, false if an error was raised.
     bool CheckTypeAccessAddressSpace(const type::Type* store_ty,
-                                     type::Access access,
+                                     builtin::Access access,
                                      type::AddressSpace address_space,
                                      utils::VectorRef<const tint::ast::Attribute*> attributes,
                                      const Source& source) const;
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/validator_is_storeable_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/validator_is_storeable_test.cc
index 6c1fce4..558953e 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/validator_is_storeable_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/validator_is_storeable_test.cc
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(ValidatorIsStorableTest, Pointer) {
     auto* ptr = create<type::Pointer>(create<type::I32>(), type::AddressSpace::kPrivate,
-                                      type::Access::kReadWrite);
+                                      builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
     EXPECT_FALSE(v()->IsStorable(ptr));
 }
 
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/variable_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/variable_test.cc
index 2239945..dbfc94f 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/variable_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/variable_test.cc
@@ -149,12 +149,12 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(TypeOf(s)->Is<type::Reference>());
     ASSERT_TRUE(TypeOf(a)->Is<type::Reference>());
 
-    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(i)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(u)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(f)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(b)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(s)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(a)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(i)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(u)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(f)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(b)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(s)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(a)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
 
     EXPECT_TRUE(TypeOf(i)->As<type::Reference>()->StoreType()->Is<type::I32>());
     EXPECT_TRUE(TypeOf(u)->As<type::Reference>()->StoreType()->Is<type::U32>());
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@
     auto* inner = Structure("Inner", utils::Vector{Member("arr", ty.array<i32, 4>())});
     auto* buf = Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("inner", ty.Of(inner))});
     auto* storage = GlobalVar("s", ty.Of(buf), type::AddressSpace::kStorage,
-                              type::Access::kReadWrite, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
+                              builtin::Access::kReadWrite, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
 
     auto* expr = IndexAccessor(MemberAccessor(MemberAccessor(storage, "inner"), "arr"), 3_i);
     auto* ptr = Let("p", AddressOf(expr));
@@ -485,8 +485,8 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(TypeOf(expr)->Is<type::Reference>());
     ASSERT_TRUE(TypeOf(ptr)->Is<type::Pointer>());
 
-    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(expr)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(ptr)->As<type::Pointer>()->Access(), type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(expr)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(ptr)->As<type::Pointer>()->Access(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
 }
 
 TEST_F(ResolverVariableTest, LocalLet_ShadowsAlias) {
@@ -1054,11 +1054,11 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(TypeOf(storage)->Is<type::Reference>());
     ASSERT_TRUE(TypeOf(handle)->Is<type::Reference>());
 
-    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(private_)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(workgroup)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(uniform)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), type::Access::kRead);
-    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(storage)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), type::Access::kRead);
-    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(handle)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), type::Access::kRead);
+    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(private_)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(workgroup)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(uniform)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), builtin::Access::kRead);
+    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(storage)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), builtin::Access::kRead);
+    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(handle)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), builtin::Access::kRead);
 }
 
 TEST_F(ResolverVariableTest, GlobalVar_ExplicitAddressSpace) {
@@ -1066,13 +1066,13 @@
 
     auto* buf = Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("m", ty.i32())});
     auto* storage = GlobalVar("sb", ty.Of(buf), type::AddressSpace::kStorage,
-                              type::Access::kReadWrite, Binding(1_a), Group(0_a));
+                              builtin::Access::kReadWrite, Binding(1_a), Group(0_a));
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(TypeOf(storage)->Is<type::Reference>());
 
-    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(storage)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    EXPECT_EQ(TypeOf(storage)->As<type::Reference>()->Access(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
 }
 
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
diff --git a/src/tint/resolver/variable_validation_test.cc b/src/tint/resolver/variable_validation_test.cc
index 3898d15..1d0837d 100644
--- a/src/tint/resolver/variable_validation_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/resolver/variable_validation_test.cc
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@
 
     auto* expr = IndexAccessor(MemberAccessor(MemberAccessor(storage, "inner"), "arr"), 2_i);
     auto* ptr = Let(Source{{12, 34}}, "p",
-                    ty.pointer<i32>(type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite),
+                    ty.pointer<i32>(type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite),
                     AddressOf(expr));
 
     WrapInFunction(ptr);
diff --git a/src/tint/sem/variable.cc b/src/tint/sem/variable.cc
index 6dc327d..e3f5f75 100644
--- a/src/tint/sem/variable.cc
+++ b/src/tint/sem/variable.cc
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
                    const type::Type* type,
                    EvaluationStage stage,
                    type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                   type::Access access,
+                   builtin::Access access,
                    const constant::Value* constant_value)
     : declaration_(declaration),
       type_(type),
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
                              const type::Type* type,
                              EvaluationStage stage,
                              type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                             type::Access access,
+                             builtin::Access access,
                              const sem::Statement* statement,
                              const constant::Value* constant_value)
     : Base(declaration, type, stage, address_space, access, constant_value),
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@
                                const type::Type* type,
                                EvaluationStage stage,
                                type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                               type::Access access,
+                               builtin::Access access,
                                const constant::Value* constant_value,
                                sem::BindingPoint binding_point,
                                std::optional<uint32_t> location)
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@
                      uint32_t index,
                      const type::Type* type,
                      type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                     type::Access access,
+                     builtin::Access access,
                      const ParameterUsage usage /* = ParameterUsage::kNone */,
                      sem::BindingPoint binding_point /* = {} */,
                      std::optional<uint32_t> location /* = std::nullopt */)
diff --git a/src/tint/sem/variable.h b/src/tint/sem/variable.h
index afaa0d1..fcaf145 100644
--- a/src/tint/sem/variable.h
+++ b/src/tint/sem/variable.h
@@ -22,10 +22,10 @@
 #include "tint/override_id.h"
 
 #include "src/tint/ast/parameter.h"
+#include "src/tint/builtin/access.h"
 #include "src/tint/sem/binding_point.h"
 #include "src/tint/sem/parameter_usage.h"
 #include "src/tint/sem/value_expression.h"
-#include "src/tint/type/access.h"
 #include "src/tint/type/address_space.h"
 #include "src/tint/type/type.h"
 #include "src/tint/utils/unique_vector.h"
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
              const type::Type* type,
              EvaluationStage stage,
              type::AddressSpace address_space,
-             type::Access access,
+             builtin::Access access,
              const constant::Value* constant_value);
 
     /// Destructor
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
     type::AddressSpace AddressSpace() const { return address_space_; }
 
     /// @returns the access control for the variable
-    type::Access Access() const { return access_; }
+    builtin::Access Access() const { return access_; }
 
     /// @return the constant value of this expression
     const constant::Value* ConstantValue() const { return constant_value_; }
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
     const type::Type* const type_;
     const EvaluationStage stage_;
     const type::AddressSpace address_space_;
-    const type::Access access_;
+    const builtin::Access access_;
     const constant::Value* constant_value_;
     const ValueExpression* initializer_ = nullptr;
     std::vector<const VariableUser*> users_;
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@
                   const type::Type* type,
                   EvaluationStage stage,
                   type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                  type::Access access,
+                  builtin::Access access,
                   const sem::Statement* statement,
                   const constant::Value* constant_value);
 
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@
                    const type::Type* type,
                    EvaluationStage stage,
                    type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                   type::Access access,
+                   builtin::Access access,
                    const constant::Value* constant_value,
                    sem::BindingPoint binding_point = {},
                    std::optional<uint32_t> location = std::nullopt);
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@
               uint32_t index,
               const type::Type* type,
               type::AddressSpace address_space,
-              type::Access access,
+              builtin::Access access,
               const ParameterUsage usage = ParameterUsage::kNone,
               sem::BindingPoint binding_point = {},
               std::optional<uint32_t> location = std::nullopt);
diff --git a/src/tint/transform/binding_remapper.cc b/src/tint/transform/binding_remapper.cc
index 192b2c9..e4f2e6e 100644
--- a/src/tint/transform/binding_remapper.cc
+++ b/src/tint/transform/binding_remapper.cc
@@ -122,8 +122,8 @@
             // Replace any access controls.
             auto ac_it = remappings->access_controls.find(from);
             if (ac_it != remappings->access_controls.end()) {
-                type::Access access = ac_it->second;
-                if (access == type::Access::kUndefined) {
+                builtin::Access access = ac_it->second;
+                if (access == builtin::Access::kUndefined) {
                     b.Diagnostics().add_error(diag::System::Transform,
                                               "invalid access mode (" +
                                                   std::to_string(static_cast<uint32_t>(access)) +
diff --git a/src/tint/transform/binding_remapper.h b/src/tint/transform/binding_remapper.h
index e0f48b3..8fdba2a 100644
--- a/src/tint/transform/binding_remapper.h
+++ b/src/tint/transform/binding_remapper.h
@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@
 
 #include <unordered_map>
 
+#include "src/tint/builtin/access.h"
 #include "src/tint/sem/binding_point.h"
 #include "src/tint/transform/transform.h"
-#include "src/tint/type/access.h"
 
 namespace tint::transform {
 
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
     using BindingPoints = std::unordered_map<BindingPoint, BindingPoint>;
 
     /// AccessControls is a map of old binding point to new access control
-    using AccessControls = std::unordered_map<BindingPoint, type::Access>;
+    using AccessControls = std::unordered_map<BindingPoint, builtin::Access>;
 
     /// Remappings is consumed by the BindingRemapper transform.
     /// Data holds information about shader usage and constant buffer offsets.
diff --git a/src/tint/transform/binding_remapper_test.cc b/src/tint/transform/binding_remapper_test.cc
index 5bed528..b4b7b29 100644
--- a/src/tint/transform/binding_remapper_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/transform/binding_remapper_test.cc
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
     DataMap data;
     data.Add<BindingRemapper::Remappings>(BindingRemapper::BindingPoints{},
                                           BindingRemapper::AccessControls{
-                                              {{2, 1}, type::Access::kWrite},
+                                              {{2, 1}, builtin::Access::kWrite},
                                           });
 
     EXPECT_TRUE(ShouldRun<BindingRemapper>(src, data));
@@ -162,9 +162,9 @@
     data.Add<BindingRemapper::Remappings>(
         BindingRemapper::BindingPoints{},
         BindingRemapper::AccessControls{
-            {{2, 1}, type::Access::kReadWrite},  // Modify access control
+            {{2, 1}, builtin::Access::kReadWrite},  // Modify access control
             // Keep @group(3) @binding(2) as is
-            {{4, 3}, type::Access::kRead},  // Add access control
+            {{4, 3}, builtin::Access::kRead},  // Add access control
         });
     auto got = Run<BindingRemapper>(src, data);
 
@@ -207,8 +207,8 @@
             {{3, 2}, {6, 7}},
         },
         BindingRemapper::AccessControls{
-            {{2, 1}, type::Access::kReadWrite},
-            {{3, 2}, type::Access::kReadWrite},
+            {{2, 1}, builtin::Access::kReadWrite},
+            {{3, 2}, builtin::Access::kReadWrite},
         });
     auto got = Run<BindingRemapper>(src, data);
 
diff --git a/src/tint/transform/decompose_memory_access.cc b/src/tint/transform/decompose_memory_access.cc
index 072c9c6..47cefcf 100644
--- a/src/tint/transform/decompose_memory_access.cc
+++ b/src/tint/transform/decompose_memory_access.cc
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
 /// LoadStoreKey is the unordered map key to a load or store intrinsic.
 struct LoadStoreKey {
     type::AddressSpace const address_space;  // buffer address space
-    type::Access const access;               // buffer access
+    builtin::Access const access;            // buffer access
     type::Type const* buf_ty = nullptr;      // buffer type
     type::Type const* el_ty = nullptr;       // element type
     bool operator==(const LoadStoreKey& rhs) const {
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@
 
 /// AtomicKey is the unordered map key to an atomic intrinsic.
 struct AtomicKey {
-    type::Access const access;           // buffer access
+    builtin::Access const access;        // buffer access
     type::Type const* buf_ty = nullptr;  // buffer type
     type::Type const* el_ty = nullptr;   // element type
     sem::BuiltinType const op;           // atomic op
@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@
         auto address_space = var_user->Variable()->AddressSpace();
         auto access = var_user->Variable()->Access();
         if (address_space != type::AddressSpace::kStorage) {
-            access = type::Access::kUndefined;
+            access = builtin::Access::kUndefined;
         }
         return utils::GetOrCreate(
             load_funcs, LoadStoreKey{address_space, access, buf_ty, el_ty}, [&] {
@@ -562,7 +562,7 @@
         auto address_space = var_user->Variable()->AddressSpace();
         auto access = var_user->Variable()->Access();
         if (address_space != type::AddressSpace::kStorage) {
-            access = type::Access::kUndefined;
+            access = builtin::Access::kUndefined;
         }
         return utils::GetOrCreate(
             store_funcs, LoadStoreKey{address_space, access, buf_ty, el_ty}, [&] {
@@ -672,7 +672,7 @@
         auto address_space = var_user->Variable()->AddressSpace();
         auto access = var_user->Variable()->Access();
         if (address_space != type::AddressSpace::kStorage) {
-            access = type::Access::kUndefined;
+            access = builtin::Access::kUndefined;
         }
         return utils::GetOrCreate(atomic_funcs, AtomicKey{access, buf_ty, el_ty, op}, [&] {
             // The first parameter to all WGSL atomics is the expression to the
diff --git a/src/tint/transform/decompose_strided_array_test.cc b/src/tint/transform/decompose_strided_array_test.cc
index 72bc1b1..bd4b49f 100644
--- a/src/tint/transform/decompose_strided_array_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/transform/decompose_strided_array_test.cc
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@
     auto* S = b.Structure("S", utils::Vector{b.Member("a", b.ty.array<f32, 4u>(utils::Vector{
                                                                b.Stride(32),
                                                            }))});
-    b.GlobalVar("s", b.ty.Of(S), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    b.GlobalVar("s", b.ty.Of(S), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
                 b.Group(0_a), b.Binding(0_a));
     b.Func("f", utils::Empty, b.ty.void_(),
            utils::Vector{
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@
                                                      b.Stride(4),
                                                  })),
                                });
-    b.GlobalVar("s", b.ty.Of(S), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    b.GlobalVar("s", b.ty.Of(S), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
                 b.Group(0_a), b.Binding(0_a));
     b.Func("f", utils::Empty, b.ty.void_(),
            utils::Vector{
@@ -516,7 +516,7 @@
     auto* S = b.Structure("S", utils::Vector{b.Member("a", b.ty.array<f32, 4u>(utils::Vector{
                                                                b.Stride(32),
                                                            }))});
-    b.GlobalVar("s", b.ty.Of(S), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    b.GlobalVar("s", b.ty.Of(S), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
                 b.Group(0_a), b.Binding(0_a));
     b.Func("f", utils::Empty, b.ty.void_(),
            utils::Vector{
@@ -582,7 +582,7 @@
                        b.Stride(32),
                    }));
     auto* S = b.Structure("S", utils::Vector{b.Member("a", b.ty("ARR"))});
-    b.GlobalVar("s", b.ty.Of(S), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    b.GlobalVar("s", b.ty.Of(S), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
                 b.Group(0_a), b.Binding(0_a));
     b.Func("f", utils::Empty, b.ty.void_(),
            utils::Vector{
@@ -658,7 +658,7 @@
                              b.Stride(128),
                          }));
     auto* S = b.Structure("S", utils::Vector{b.Member("a", b.ty("ARR_B"))});
-    b.GlobalVar("s", b.ty.Of(S), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    b.GlobalVar("s", b.ty.Of(S), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
                 b.Group(0_a), b.Binding(0_a));
     b.Func("f", utils::Empty, b.ty.void_(),
            utils::Vector{
diff --git a/src/tint/transform/decompose_strided_matrix_test.cc b/src/tint/transform/decompose_strided_matrix_test.cc
index e097acb..0da9e71 100644
--- a/src/tint/transform/decompose_strided_matrix_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/transform/decompose_strided_matrix_test.cc
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@
                               b.Disable(ast::DisabledValidation::kIgnoreStrideAttribute),
                           }),
              });
-    b.GlobalVar("s", b.ty.Of(S), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    b.GlobalVar("s", b.ty.Of(S), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
                 b.Group(0_a), b.Binding(0_a));
     b.Func("f", utils::Empty, b.ty.void_(),
            utils::Vector{
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@
                               b.Disable(ast::DisabledValidation::kIgnoreStrideAttribute),
                           }),
              });
-    b.GlobalVar("s", b.ty.Of(S), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    b.GlobalVar("s", b.ty.Of(S), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
                 b.Group(0_a), b.Binding(0_a));
     b.Func(
         "f", utils::Empty, b.ty.void_(),
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@
                               b.Disable(ast::DisabledValidation::kIgnoreStrideAttribute),
                           }),
              });
-    b.GlobalVar("s", b.ty.Of(S), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    b.GlobalVar("s", b.ty.Of(S), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
                 b.Group(0_a), b.Binding(0_a));
     b.Func("f", utils::Empty, b.ty.void_(),
            utils::Vector{
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@
                               b.Disable(ast::DisabledValidation::kIgnoreStrideAttribute),
                           }),
              });
-    b.GlobalVar("s", b.ty.Of(S), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    b.GlobalVar("s", b.ty.Of(S), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
                 b.Group(0_a), b.Binding(0_a));
     b.Func("f", utils::Empty, b.ty.void_(),
            utils::Vector{
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@
                               b.Disable(ast::DisabledValidation::kIgnoreStrideAttribute),
                           }),
              });
-    b.GlobalVar("s", b.ty.Of(S), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    b.GlobalVar("s", b.ty.Of(S), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
                 b.Group(0_a), b.Binding(0_a));
     b.Func("f", utils::Empty, b.ty.void_(),
            utils::Vector{
diff --git a/src/tint/transform/preserve_padding.cc b/src/tint/transform/preserve_padding.cc
index ba30933..1dbd2af 100644
--- a/src/tint/transform/preserve_padding.cc
+++ b/src/tint/transform/preserve_padding.cc
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@
                 utils::Vector<const ast::Parameter*, 2> params = {
                     b.Param(kDestParamName,
                             b.ty.pointer(CreateASTTypeFor(ctx, ty), type::AddressSpace::kStorage,
-                                         type::Access::kReadWrite)),
+                                         builtin::Access::kReadWrite)),
                     b.Param(kValueParamName, CreateASTTypeFor(ctx, ty)),
                 };
                 b.Func(helper_name, params, b.ty.void_(), body());
diff --git a/src/tint/transform/promote_side_effects_to_decl.cc b/src/tint/transform/promote_side_effects_to_decl.cc
index 15f4674..65ec731 100644
--- a/src/tint/transform/promote_side_effects_to_decl.cc
+++ b/src/tint/transform/promote_side_effects_to_decl.cc
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@
                             return false;
                         }
                         // Don't hoist read-only variables as they cannot receive side-effects.
-                        if (var_user->Variable()->Access() == type::Access::kRead) {
+                        if (var_user->Variable()->Access() == builtin::Access::kRead) {
                             return false;
                         }
                         // Don't hoist textures / samplers as they can't be placed into a let, nor
diff --git a/src/tint/transform/renamer_test.cc b/src/tint/transform/renamer_test.cc
index 2d13436..d4b681c 100644
--- a/src/tint/transform/renamer_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/transform/renamer_test.cc
@@ -1934,7 +1934,7 @@
     for (auto* ident : type::kTexelFormatStrings) {
         out.push_back(ident);
     }
-    for (auto* ident : type::kAccessStrings) {
+    for (auto* ident : builtin::kAccessStrings) {
         out.push_back(ident);
     }
     return out;
diff --git a/src/tint/transform/vertex_pulling.cc b/src/tint/transform/vertex_pulling.cc
index 8d151bf..6a1b5b4 100644
--- a/src/tint/transform/vertex_pulling.cc
+++ b/src/tint/transform/vertex_pulling.cc
@@ -322,7 +322,8 @@
         for (uint32_t i = 0; i < cfg.vertex_state.size(); ++i) {
             // The decorated variable with struct type
             b.GlobalVar(GetVertexBufferName(i), b.ty.Of(struct_type), type::AddressSpace::kStorage,
-                        type::Access::kRead, b.Binding(AInt(i)), b.Group(AInt(cfg.pulling_group)));
+                        builtin::Access::kRead, b.Binding(AInt(i)),
+                        b.Group(AInt(cfg.pulling_group)));
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/tint/type/pointer.cc b/src/tint/type/pointer.cc
index 3dcb078..1175961 100644
--- a/src/tint/type/pointer.cc
+++ b/src/tint/type/pointer.cc
@@ -24,14 +24,14 @@
 
 namespace tint::type {
 
-Pointer::Pointer(const Type* subtype, type::AddressSpace address_space, type::Access access)
+Pointer::Pointer(const Type* subtype, type::AddressSpace address_space, builtin::Access access)
     : Base(utils::Hash(TypeInfo::Of<Pointer>().full_hashcode, address_space, subtype, access),
            type::Flags{}),
       subtype_(subtype),
       address_space_(address_space),
       access_(access) {
     TINT_ASSERT(Type, !subtype->Is<Reference>());
-    TINT_ASSERT(Type, access != type::Access::kUndefined);
+    TINT_ASSERT(Type, access != builtin::Access::kUndefined);
 }
 
 bool Pointer::Equals(const UniqueNode& other) const {
diff --git a/src/tint/type/pointer.h b/src/tint/type/pointer.h
index 61eab76..8a4d1c9 100644
--- a/src/tint/type/pointer.h
+++ b/src/tint/type/pointer.h
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 
 #include <string>
 
-#include "src/tint/type/access.h"
+#include "src/tint/builtin/access.h"
 #include "src/tint/type/address_space.h"
 #include "src/tint/type/type.h"
 
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
     /// @param subtype the pointee type
     /// @param address_space the address space of the pointer
     /// @param access the resolved access control of the reference
-    Pointer(const Type* subtype, type::AddressSpace address_space, type::Access access);
+    Pointer(const Type* subtype, type::AddressSpace address_space, builtin::Access access);
 
     /// Destructor
     ~Pointer() override;
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
     type::AddressSpace AddressSpace() const { return address_space_; }
 
     /// @returns the access control of the reference
-    type::Access Access() const { return access_; }
+    builtin::Access Access() const { return access_; }
 
     /// @param symbols the program's symbol table
     /// @returns the name for this type that closely resembles how it would be
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
   private:
     Type const* const subtype_;
     type::AddressSpace const address_space_;
-    type::Access const access_;
+    builtin::Access const access_;
 };
 
 }  // namespace tint::type
diff --git a/src/tint/type/pointer_test.cc b/src/tint/type/pointer_test.cc
index a0c8bbb..932548a 100644
--- a/src/tint/type/pointer_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/type/pointer_test.cc
@@ -21,15 +21,15 @@
 using PointerTest = TestHelper;
 
 TEST_F(PointerTest, Creation) {
-    auto* a = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* b = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* c = create<Pointer>(create<F32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* d = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kPrivate, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* e = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead);
+    auto* a = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* b = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* c = create<Pointer>(create<F32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* d = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kPrivate, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* e = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead);
 
     EXPECT_TRUE(a->StoreType()->Is<I32>());
     EXPECT_EQ(a->AddressSpace(), AddressSpace::kStorage);
-    EXPECT_EQ(a->Access(), type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    EXPECT_EQ(a->Access(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
 
     EXPECT_EQ(a, b);
     EXPECT_NE(a, c);
@@ -38,18 +38,18 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(PointerTest, Hash) {
-    auto* a = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* b = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* a = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* b = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
 
     EXPECT_EQ(a->unique_hash, b->unique_hash);
 }
 
 TEST_F(PointerTest, Equals) {
-    auto* a = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* b = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* c = create<Pointer>(create<F32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* d = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kPrivate, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* e = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead);
+    auto* a = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* b = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* c = create<Pointer>(create<F32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* d = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kPrivate, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* e = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead);
 
     EXPECT_TRUE(a->Equals(*b));
     EXPECT_FALSE(a->Equals(*c));
@@ -59,17 +59,17 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(PointerTest, FriendlyName) {
-    auto* r = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kRead);
+    auto* r = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kRead);
     EXPECT_EQ(r->FriendlyName(Symbols()), "ptr<i32, read>");
 }
 
 TEST_F(PointerTest, FriendlyNameWithAddressSpace) {
-    auto* r = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kWorkgroup, type::Access::kRead);
+    auto* r = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kWorkgroup, builtin::Access::kRead);
     EXPECT_EQ(r->FriendlyName(Symbols()), "ptr<workgroup, i32, read>");
 }
 
 TEST_F(PointerTest, Clone) {
-    auto* a = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* a = create<Pointer>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
 
     type::Manager mgr;
     type::CloneContext ctx{{nullptr}, {nullptr, &mgr}};
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
     auto* ptr = a->Clone(ctx);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ptr->StoreType()->Is<I32>());
     EXPECT_EQ(ptr->AddressSpace(), AddressSpace::kStorage);
-    EXPECT_EQ(ptr->Access(), type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    EXPECT_EQ(ptr->Access(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
 }
 
 }  // namespace
diff --git a/src/tint/type/reference.cc b/src/tint/type/reference.cc
index 6a7e2c6..ca676cc 100644
--- a/src/tint/type/reference.cc
+++ b/src/tint/type/reference.cc
@@ -23,14 +23,14 @@
 
 namespace tint::type {
 
-Reference::Reference(const Type* subtype, type::AddressSpace address_space, type::Access access)
+Reference::Reference(const Type* subtype, type::AddressSpace address_space, builtin::Access access)
     : Base(utils::Hash(TypeInfo::Of<Reference>().full_hashcode, address_space, subtype, access),
            type::Flags{}),
       subtype_(subtype),
       address_space_(address_space),
       access_(access) {
     TINT_ASSERT(Type, !subtype->Is<Reference>());
-    TINT_ASSERT(Type, access != type::Access::kUndefined);
+    TINT_ASSERT(Type, access != builtin::Access::kUndefined);
 }
 
 bool Reference::Equals(const UniqueNode& other) const {
diff --git a/src/tint/type/reference.h b/src/tint/type/reference.h
index 1999880..b1981ab 100644
--- a/src/tint/type/reference.h
+++ b/src/tint/type/reference.h
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 
 #include <string>
 
-#include "src/tint/type/access.h"
+#include "src/tint/builtin/access.h"
 #include "src/tint/type/address_space.h"
 #include "src/tint/type/type.h"
 
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
     /// @param subtype the pointee type
     /// @param address_space the address space of the reference
     /// @param access the resolved access control of the reference
-    Reference(const Type* subtype, type::AddressSpace address_space, type::Access access);
+    Reference(const Type* subtype, type::AddressSpace address_space, builtin::Access access);
 
     /// Destructor
     ~Reference() override;
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
     type::AddressSpace AddressSpace() const { return address_space_; }
 
     /// @returns the resolved access control of the reference.
-    type::Access Access() const { return access_; }
+    builtin::Access Access() const { return access_; }
 
     /// @param symbols the program's symbol table
     /// @returns the name for this type that closely resembles how it would be
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
   private:
     Type const* const subtype_;
     type::AddressSpace const address_space_;
-    type::Access const access_;
+    builtin::Access const access_;
 };
 
 }  // namespace tint::type
diff --git a/src/tint/type/reference_test.cc b/src/tint/type/reference_test.cc
index ceee77f..65dde2b 100644
--- a/src/tint/type/reference_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/type/reference_test.cc
@@ -21,15 +21,15 @@
 using ReferenceTest = TestHelper;
 
 TEST_F(ReferenceTest, Creation) {
-    auto* a = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* b = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* c = create<Reference>(create<F32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* d = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kPrivate, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* e = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead);
+    auto* a = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* b = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* c = create<Reference>(create<F32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* d = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kPrivate, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* e = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead);
 
     EXPECT_TRUE(a->StoreType()->Is<I32>());
     EXPECT_EQ(a->AddressSpace(), AddressSpace::kStorage);
-    EXPECT_EQ(a->Access(), type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    EXPECT_EQ(a->Access(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
 
     EXPECT_EQ(a, b);
     EXPECT_NE(a, c);
@@ -38,18 +38,18 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(ReferenceTest, Hash) {
-    auto* a = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* b = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* a = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* b = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
 
     EXPECT_EQ(a->unique_hash, b->unique_hash);
 }
 
 TEST_F(ReferenceTest, Equals) {
-    auto* a = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* b = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* c = create<Reference>(create<F32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* d = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kPrivate, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* e = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead);
+    auto* a = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* b = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* c = create<Reference>(create<F32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* d = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kPrivate, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* e = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead);
 
     EXPECT_TRUE(a->Equals(*b));
     EXPECT_FALSE(a->Equals(*c));
@@ -59,17 +59,17 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(ReferenceTest, FriendlyName) {
-    auto* r = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kRead);
+    auto* r = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kRead);
     EXPECT_EQ(r->FriendlyName(Symbols()), "ref<i32, read>");
 }
 
 TEST_F(ReferenceTest, FriendlyNameWithAddressSpace) {
-    auto* r = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kWorkgroup, type::Access::kRead);
+    auto* r = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kWorkgroup, builtin::Access::kRead);
     EXPECT_EQ(r->FriendlyName(Symbols()), "ref<workgroup, i32, read>");
 }
 
 TEST_F(ReferenceTest, Clone) {
-    auto* a = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* a = create<Reference>(create<I32>(), AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
 
     type::Manager mgr;
     type::CloneContext ctx{{nullptr}, {nullptr, &mgr}};
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
     auto* ref = a->Clone(ctx);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ref->StoreType()->Is<I32>());
     EXPECT_EQ(ref->AddressSpace(), AddressSpace::kStorage);
-    EXPECT_EQ(ref->Access(), type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    EXPECT_EQ(ref->Access(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
 }
 
 }  // namespace
diff --git a/src/tint/type/storage_texture.cc b/src/tint/type/storage_texture.cc
index 25beb74..c7fede4 100644
--- a/src/tint/type/storage_texture.cc
+++ b/src/tint/type/storage_texture.cc
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 
 StorageTexture::StorageTexture(TextureDimension dim,
                                type::TexelFormat format,
-                               type::Access access,
+                               builtin::Access access,
                                Type* subtype)
     : Base(utils::Hash(TypeInfo::Of<StorageTexture>().full_hashcode, dim, format, access), dim),
       texel_format_(format),
diff --git a/src/tint/type/storage_texture.h b/src/tint/type/storage_texture.h
index 6e96907..62086ee 100644
--- a/src/tint/type/storage_texture.h
+++ b/src/tint/type/storage_texture.h
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 
 #include <string>
 
-#include "src/tint/type/access.h"
+#include "src/tint/builtin/access.h"
 #include "src/tint/type/texel_format.h"
 #include "src/tint/type/texture.h"
 #include "src/tint/type/texture_dimension.h"
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
     /// @param subtype the storage subtype. Use SubtypeFor() to calculate this.
     StorageTexture(TextureDimension dim,
                    type::TexelFormat format,
-                   type::Access access,
+                   builtin::Access access,
                    Type* subtype);
 
     /// Destructor
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
     type::TexelFormat texel_format() const { return texel_format_; }
 
     /// @returns the access control
-    type::Access access() const { return access_; }
+    builtin::Access access() const { return access_; }
 
     /// @param symbols the program's symbol table
     /// @returns the name for this type that closely resembles how it would be
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
 
   private:
     type::TexelFormat const texel_format_;
-    type::Access const access_;
+    builtin::Access const access_;
     Type* const subtype_;
 };
 
diff --git a/src/tint/type/storage_texture_test.cc b/src/tint/type/storage_texture_test.cc
index 2ffc0b7..9a1b8c6 100644
--- a/src/tint/type/storage_texture_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/type/storage_texture_test.cc
@@ -24,22 +24,23 @@
 namespace {
 
 struct StorageTextureTest : public TestHelper {
-    StorageTexture* Create(TextureDimension dims, type::TexelFormat fmt, type::Access access) {
+    StorageTexture* Create(TextureDimension dims, type::TexelFormat fmt, builtin::Access access) {
         auto* subtype = StorageTexture::SubtypeFor(fmt, Types());
         return create<StorageTexture>(dims, fmt, access, subtype);
     }
 };
 
 TEST_F(StorageTextureTest, Creation) {
-    auto* a =
-        Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* b =
-        Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float, type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* a = Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float,
+                     builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* b = Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float,
+                     builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
     auto* c =
-        Create(TextureDimension::k2d, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float, type::Access::kReadWrite);
+        Create(TextureDimension::k2d, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
     auto* d =
-        Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kR32Float, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* e = Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float, type::Access::kRead);
+        Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kR32Float, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* e =
+        Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float, builtin::Access::kRead);
 
     EXPECT_TRUE(a->type()->Is<F32>());
     EXPECT_EQ(a->dim(), TextureDimension::kCube);
@@ -51,24 +52,25 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(StorageTextureTest, Hash) {
-    auto* a =
-        Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* b =
-        Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float, type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* a = Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float,
+                     builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* b = Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float,
+                     builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
 
     EXPECT_EQ(a->unique_hash, b->unique_hash);
 }
 
 TEST_F(StorageTextureTest, Equals) {
-    auto* a =
-        Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* b =
-        Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float, type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* a = Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float,
+                     builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* b = Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float,
+                     builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
     auto* c =
-        Create(TextureDimension::k2d, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float, type::Access::kReadWrite);
+        Create(TextureDimension::k2d, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
     auto* d =
-        Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kR32Float, type::Access::kReadWrite);
-    auto* e = Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float, type::Access::kRead);
+        Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kR32Float, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* e =
+        Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float, builtin::Access::kRead);
 
     EXPECT_TRUE(a->Equals(*b));
     EXPECT_FALSE(a->Equals(*c));
@@ -79,25 +81,25 @@
 
 TEST_F(StorageTextureTest, Dim) {
     auto* s = Create(TextureDimension::k2dArray, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float,
-                     type::Access::kReadWrite);
+                     builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
     EXPECT_EQ(s->dim(), TextureDimension::k2dArray);
 }
 
 TEST_F(StorageTextureTest, Format) {
     auto* s = Create(TextureDimension::k2dArray, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float,
-                     type::Access::kReadWrite);
+                     builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
     EXPECT_EQ(s->texel_format(), type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float);
 }
 
 TEST_F(StorageTextureTest, FriendlyName) {
     auto* s = Create(TextureDimension::k2dArray, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float,
-                     type::Access::kReadWrite);
+                     builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
     EXPECT_EQ(s->FriendlyName(Symbols()), "texture_storage_2d_array<rgba32float, read_write>");
 }
 
 TEST_F(StorageTextureTest, F32) {
     auto* s = Create(TextureDimension::k2dArray, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float,
-                     type::Access::kReadWrite);
+                     builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
 
     auto program = Build();
 
@@ -110,7 +112,7 @@
 TEST_F(StorageTextureTest, U32) {
     auto* subtype = StorageTexture::SubtypeFor(type::TexelFormat::kRg32Uint, Types());
     auto* s = create<StorageTexture>(TextureDimension::k2dArray, type::TexelFormat::kRg32Uint,
-                                     type::Access::kReadWrite, subtype);
+                                     builtin::Access::kReadWrite, subtype);
 
     auto program = Build();
 
@@ -123,7 +125,7 @@
 TEST_F(StorageTextureTest, I32) {
     auto* subtype = StorageTexture::SubtypeFor(type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Sint, Types());
     auto* s = create<StorageTexture>(TextureDimension::k2dArray, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Sint,
-                                     type::Access::kReadWrite, subtype);
+                                     builtin::Access::kReadWrite, subtype);
 
     auto program = Build();
 
@@ -134,8 +136,8 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(StorageTextureTest, Clone) {
-    auto* a =
-        Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float, type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* a = Create(TextureDimension::kCube, type::TexelFormat::kRgba32Float,
+                     builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
 
     type::Manager mgr;
     type::CloneContext ctx{{nullptr}, {nullptr, &mgr}};
diff --git a/src/tint/type/type_test.cc b/src/tint/type/type_test.cc
index 62ec706..f6adb93 100644
--- a/src/tint/type/type_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/type/type_test.cc
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
     const Matrix* mat4x3_f16 = create<Matrix>(vec3_f16, 4u);
     const Matrix* mat4x3_af = create<Matrix>(vec3_af, 4u);
     const Reference* ref_u32 =
-        create<Reference>(u32, AddressSpace::kPrivate, type::Access::kReadWrite);
+        create<Reference>(u32, AddressSpace::kPrivate, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
     const Struct* str_f32 = create<Struct>(Source{},
                                            Sym("str_f32"),
                                            utils::Vector{
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/append_vector.cc b/src/tint/writer/append_vector.cc
index e702c90..53f11db 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/append_vector.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/append_vector.cc
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@
         auto* scalar_cast_target = b->create<sem::TypeConversion>(
             packed_el_sem_ty,
             b->create<sem::Parameter>(nullptr, 0u, scalar_sem->Type()->UnwrapRef(),
-                                      type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined),
+                                      type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kUndefined),
             sem::EvaluationStage::kRuntime);
         auto* scalar_cast_sem = b->create<sem::Call>(
             scalar_cast_ast, scalar_cast_target, sem::EvaluationStage::kRuntime,
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@
             [&](const tint::sem::ValueExpression* arg, size_t i) -> const sem::Parameter* {
                 return b->create<sem::Parameter>(
                     nullptr, static_cast<uint32_t>(i), arg->Type()->UnwrapRef(),
-                    type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined);
+                    type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kUndefined);
             }),
         sem::EvaluationStage::kRuntime);
     auto* initializer_sem =
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/flatten_bindings_test.cc b/src/tint/writer/flatten_bindings_test.cc
index 0464742..3b0c7a6 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/flatten_bindings_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/flatten_bindings_test.cc
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@
     const size_t num_buffers = 3;
     b.GlobalVar("buffer1", b.ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kUniform, b.Group(0_a), b.Binding(0_a));
     b.GlobalVar("buffer2", b.ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, b.Group(1_a), b.Binding(1_a));
-    b.GlobalVar("buffer3", b.ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead,
+    b.GlobalVar("buffer3", b.ty.i32(), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead,
                 b.Group(2_a), b.Binding(2_a));
 
     const size_t num_samplers = 2;
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
                 b.Group(6_a), b.Binding(6_a));
     b.GlobalVar("texture3",
                 b.ty.storage_texture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, type::TexelFormat::kR32Float,
-                                     type::Access::kWrite),
+                                     builtin::Access::kWrite),
                 b.Group(7_a), b.Binding(7_a));
     b.GlobalVar("texture4", b.ty.depth_texture(type::TextureDimension::k2d), b.Group(8_a),
                 b.Binding(8_a));
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator.h b/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator.h
index 60d5aa1..4d31bdf 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator.h
+++ b/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator.h
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "src/tint/ast/pipeline_stage.h"
+#include "src/tint/builtin/access.h"
 #include "src/tint/sem/binding_point.h"
 #include "src/tint/sem/sampler_texture_pair.h"
-#include "src/tint/type/access.h"
 #include "src/tint/writer/glsl/version.h"
 #include "src/tint/writer/text.h"
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
 
     /// A map of old binding point to new access control for the BindingRemapper
     /// transform
-    std::unordered_map<sem::BindingPoint, type::Access> access_controls;
+    std::unordered_map<sem::BindingPoint, builtin::Access> access_controls;
 
     /// If true, then validation will be disabled for binding point collisions
     /// generated by the BindingRemapper transform
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl.cc b/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl.cc
index cd8639a..76a0d18 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl.cc
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@
                dst_type->is_float_scalar_or_vector()) {
         out << "uintBitsToFloat";
     } else {
-        if (!EmitType(out, dst_type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+        if (!EmitType(out, dst_type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
                       "")) {
             return false;
         }
@@ -438,12 +438,14 @@
     auto* uint_type = BoolTypeToUint(bool_type);
 
     // Cast result to bool scalar or vector type.
-    if (!EmitType(out, bool_type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, "")) {
+    if (!EmitType(out, bool_type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
+                  "")) {
         return false;
     }
     ScopedParen outerCastParen(out);
     // Cast LHS to uint scalar or vector type.
-    if (!EmitType(out, uint_type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, "")) {
+    if (!EmitType(out, uint_type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
+                  "")) {
         return false;
     }
     {
@@ -463,7 +465,8 @@
         return false;
     }
     // Cast RHS to uint scalar or vector type.
-    if (!EmitType(out, uint_type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, "")) {
+    if (!EmitType(out, uint_type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
+                  "")) {
         return false;
     }
     {
@@ -491,20 +494,20 @@
             {
                 auto decl = line(&b);
                 if (!EmitTypeAndName(decl, ret_ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                     type::Access::kUndefined, fn_name)) {
+                                     builtin::Access::kUndefined, fn_name)) {
                     return "";
                 }
                 {
                     ScopedParen sp(decl);
                     const auto* ty = TypeOf(expr->lhs)->UnwrapRef();
                     if (!EmitTypeAndName(decl, ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                         type::Access::kUndefined, "lhs")) {
+                                         builtin::Access::kUndefined, "lhs")) {
                         return "";
                     }
                     decl << ", ";
                     ty = TypeOf(expr->rhs)->UnwrapRef();
                     if (!EmitTypeAndName(decl, ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                         type::Access::kUndefined, "rhs")) {
+                                         builtin::Access::kUndefined, "rhs")) {
                         return "";
                     }
                 }
@@ -827,7 +830,7 @@
 bool GeneratorImpl::EmitTypeConversion(std::ostream& out,
                                        const sem::Call* call,
                                        const sem::TypeConversion* conv) {
-    if (!EmitType(out, conv->Target(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    if (!EmitType(out, conv->Target(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
                   "")) {
         return false;
     }
@@ -851,7 +854,7 @@
         return EmitZeroValue(out, type);
     }
 
-    if (!EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, "")) {
+    if (!EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, "")) {
         return false;
     }
     ScopedParen sp(out);
@@ -922,7 +925,7 @@
             {
                 auto pre = line();
                 if (!EmitTypeAndName(pre, builtin->ReturnType(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                     type::Access::kUndefined, result)) {
+                                     builtin::Access::kUndefined, result)) {
                     return false;
                 }
                 pre << ";";
@@ -1060,7 +1063,7 @@
     // GLSL's bitCount returns an integer type, so cast it to the appropriate
     // unsigned type.
     if (!EmitType(out, TypeOf(expr)->UnwrapRef(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                  type::Access::kReadWrite, "")) {
+                  builtin::Access::kReadWrite, "")) {
         return false;
     }
     out << "(bitCount(";
@@ -1132,7 +1135,7 @@
             {
                 std::stringstream s;
                 if (!EmitType(s, vec_ty->type(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                              type::Access::kRead, "")) {
+                              builtin::Access::kRead, "")) {
                     return "";
                 }
                 v = s.str();
@@ -1140,15 +1143,17 @@
             {  // (u)int tint_int_dot([i|u]vecN a, [i|u]vecN b) {
                 auto l = line(&b);
                 if (!EmitType(l, vec_ty->type(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                              type::Access::kRead, "")) {
+                              builtin::Access::kRead, "")) {
                     return "";
                 }
                 l << " " << fn_name << "(";
-                if (!EmitType(l, vec_ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kRead, "")) {
+                if (!EmitType(l, vec_ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kRead,
+                              "")) {
                     return "";
                 }
                 l << " a, ";
-                if (!EmitType(l, vec_ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kRead, "")) {
+                if (!EmitType(l, vec_ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kRead,
+                              "")) {
                     return "";
                 }
                 l << " b) {";
@@ -1200,7 +1205,7 @@
             {
                 auto l = line(b);
                 if (!EmitType(l, builtin->ReturnType(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                              type::Access::kUndefined, "")) {
+                              builtin::Access::kUndefined, "")) {
                     return false;
                 }
                 l << " result;";
@@ -1226,7 +1231,7 @@
             {
                 auto l = line(b);
                 if (!EmitType(l, builtin->ReturnType(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                              type::Access::kUndefined, "")) {
+                              builtin::Access::kUndefined, "")) {
                     return false;
                 }
                 l << " result;";
@@ -1884,7 +1889,7 @@
         auto out = line();
         auto name = builder_.Symbols().NameFor(func->name->symbol);
         if (!EmitType(out, sem->ReturnType(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                      type::Access::kReadWrite, "")) {
+                      builtin::Access::kReadWrite, "")) {
             return false;
         }
 
@@ -2261,7 +2266,7 @@
     {
         auto out = line();
         if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, func_sem->ReturnType(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                             type::Access::kUndefined,
+                             builtin::Access::kUndefined,
                              builder_.Symbols().NameFor(func->name->symbol))) {
             return false;
         }
@@ -2341,7 +2346,8 @@
             return true;
         },
         [&](const type::Vector* v) {
-            if (!EmitType(out, v, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined, "")) {
+            if (!EmitType(out, v, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kUndefined,
+                          "")) {
                 return false;
             }
 
@@ -2362,7 +2368,8 @@
             return true;
         },
         [&](const type::Matrix* m) {
-            if (!EmitType(out, m, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined, "")) {
+            if (!EmitType(out, m, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kUndefined,
+                          "")) {
                 return false;
             }
 
@@ -2379,7 +2386,8 @@
             return true;
         },
         [&](const type::Array* a) {
-            if (!EmitType(out, a, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined, "")) {
+            if (!EmitType(out, a, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kUndefined,
+                          "")) {
                 return false;
             }
 
@@ -2471,7 +2479,7 @@
     } else if (type->Is<type::U32>()) {
         out << "0u";
     } else if (auto* vec = type->As<type::Vector>()) {
-        if (!EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, "")) {
+        if (!EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, "")) {
             return false;
         }
         ScopedParen sp(out);
@@ -2484,7 +2492,7 @@
             }
         }
     } else if (auto* mat = type->As<type::Matrix>()) {
-        if (!EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, "")) {
+        if (!EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, "")) {
             return false;
         }
         ScopedParen sp(out);
@@ -2497,7 +2505,7 @@
             }
         }
     } else if (auto* str = type->As<sem::Struct>()) {
-        if (!EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined, "")) {
+        if (!EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kUndefined, "")) {
             return false;
         }
         bool first = true;
@@ -2511,7 +2519,7 @@
             EmitZeroValue(out, member->Type());
         }
     } else if (auto* arr = type->As<type::Array>()) {
-        if (!EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined, "")) {
+        if (!EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kUndefined, "")) {
             return false;
         }
         ScopedParen sp(out);
@@ -2837,7 +2845,7 @@
 bool GeneratorImpl::EmitType(std::ostream& out,
                              const type::Type* type,
                              type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                             type::Access access,
+                             builtin::Access access,
                              const std::string& name,
                              bool* name_printed /* = nullptr */) {
     if (name_printed) {
@@ -2934,7 +2942,7 @@
 
         out << "highp ";
 
-        if (storage && storage->access() != type::Access::kRead) {
+        if (storage && storage->access() != builtin::Access::kRead) {
             out << "writeonly ";
         }
         auto* subtype = sampled   ? sampled->type()
@@ -3018,7 +3026,7 @@
 bool GeneratorImpl::EmitTypeAndName(std::ostream& out,
                                     const type::Type* type,
                                     type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                                    type::Access access,
+                                    builtin::Access access,
                                     const std::string& name) {
     bool printed_name = false;
     if (!EmitType(out, type, address_space, access, name, &printed_name)) {
@@ -3054,7 +3062,7 @@
 
         auto out = line(b);
 
-        if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+        if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
                              name)) {
             return false;
         }
@@ -3123,7 +3131,7 @@
 
     auto out = line();
     // TODO(senorblanco): handle const
-    if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined,
+    if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kUndefined,
                          builder_.Symbols().NameFor(let->name->symbol))) {
         return false;
     }
@@ -3145,7 +3153,7 @@
 
     auto out = line();
     out << "const ";
-    if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined,
+    if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kUndefined,
                          builder_.Symbols().NameFor(var->name->symbol))) {
         return false;
     }
@@ -3173,7 +3181,7 @@
         {
             auto decl = line(&b);
             if (!EmitTypeAndName(decl, builtin->ReturnType(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                 type::Access::kUndefined, fn_name)) {
+                                 builtin::Access::kUndefined, fn_name)) {
                 return "";
             }
             {
@@ -3189,7 +3197,7 @@
                         ty = ptr->StoreType();
                     }
                     if (!EmitTypeAndName(decl, ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                         type::Access::kUndefined, param_name)) {
+                                         builtin::Access::kUndefined, param_name)) {
                         return "";
                     }
                     parameter_names.emplace_back(std::move(param_name));
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl.h b/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl.h
index 71fb23e..d015000 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl.h
+++ b/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl.h
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@
     bool EmitType(std::ostream& out,
                   const type::Type* type,
                   type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                  type::Access access,
+                  builtin::Access access,
                   const std::string& name,
                   bool* name_printed = nullptr);
     /// Handles generating type and name
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@
     bool EmitTypeAndName(std::ostream& out,
                          const type::Type* type,
                          type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                         type::Access access,
+                         builtin::Access access,
                          const std::string& name);
     /// Handles generating a structure declaration. If the structure has already been emitted, then
     /// this function will simply return `true` without emitting anything.
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl_function_test.cc b/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl_function_test.cc
index 2d1ed02..be96c9b 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl_function_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl_function_test.cc
@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@
                                     Member("b", ty.f32()),
                                 });
 
-    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
               Binding(0_a), Group(1_a));
 
     auto* var = Var("v", ty.f32(), MemberAccessor("coord", "b"));
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@
                                     Member("b", ty.f32()),
                                 });
 
-    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
+    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
               Group(1_a));
 
     auto* var = Var("v", ty.f32(), MemberAccessor("coord", "b"));
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@
                                     Member("b", ty.f32()),
                                 });
 
-    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
               Binding(0_a), Group(1_a));
 
     Func("frag_main", utils::Empty, ty.void_(),
@@ -582,7 +582,7 @@
                                     Member("b", ty.f32()),
                                 });
 
-    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
               Binding(0_a), Group(1_a));
 
     Func("frag_main", utils::Empty, ty.void_(),
@@ -668,7 +668,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(GlslGeneratorImplTest_Function, Emit_Attribute_Called_By_EntryPoint_With_StorageBuffer) {
     auto* s = Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("x", ty.f32())});
-    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
               Binding(0_a), Group(1_a));
 
     Func("sub_func", utils::Vector{Param("param", ty.f32())}, ty.f32(),
@@ -879,7 +879,7 @@
 
     auto* s = Structure("Data", utils::Vector{Member("d", ty.f32())});
 
-    GlobalVar("data", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    GlobalVar("data", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
               Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
 
     {
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl_member_accessor_test.cc b/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl_member_accessor_test.cc
index 1023ad0..37005e8 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl_member_accessor_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl_member_accessor_test.cc
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
 
         auto* s = b.Structure("Data", members);
 
-        b.GlobalVar("data", b.ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+        b.GlobalVar("data", b.ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
                     b.Group(1_a), b.Binding(0_a));
     }
 
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl_sanitizer_test.cc b/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl_sanitizer_test.cc
index 051d8e0..cd4d821 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl_sanitizer_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl_sanitizer_test.cc
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(GlslSanitizerTest, Call_ArrayLength) {
     auto* s = Structure("my_struct", utils::Vector{Member(0, "a", ty.array<f32>())});
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
               Group(2_a));
 
     Func("a_func", utils::Empty, ty.void_(),
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
                                          Member(0, "z", ty.f32()),
                                          Member(4, "a", ty.array<f32>()),
                                      });
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
               Group(2_a));
 
     Func("a_func", utils::Empty, ty.void_(),
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(GlslSanitizerTest, Call_ArrayLength_ViaLets) {
     auto* s = Structure("my_struct", utils::Vector{Member(0, "a", ty.array<f32>())});
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
               Group(2_a));
 
     auto* p = Let("p", AddressOf("b"));
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl_type_test.cc b/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl_type_test.cc
index 1f1c8a6..72c5048 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl_type_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/glsl/generator_impl_type_test.cc
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(gen.EmitType(out, program->TypeOf(ty), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                             type::Access::kReadWrite, "ary"))
+                             builtin::Access::kReadWrite, "ary"))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "bool ary[4]");
 }
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(gen.EmitType(out, program->TypeOf(ty), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                             type::Access::kReadWrite, "ary"))
+                             builtin::Access::kReadWrite, "ary"))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "bool ary[5][4]");
 }
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(gen.EmitType(out, program->TypeOf(ty), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                             type::Access::kReadWrite, "ary"))
+                             builtin::Access::kReadWrite, "ary"))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "bool ary[6][5][4]");
 }
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(gen.EmitType(out, program->TypeOf(ty), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                             type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+                             builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "bool[4]");
 }
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, bool_, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, bool_, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "bool");
 }
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, f32, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, f32, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "float");
 }
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, f16, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, f16, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "float16_t");
 }
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, i32, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, i32, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "int");
 }
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, mat2x3, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, mat2x3, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "mat2x3");
 }
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, mat2x3, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, mat2x3, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "f16mat2x3");
 }
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@
     auto* sem_s = program->TypeOf(s)->As<sem::Struct>();
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, sem_s, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, sem_s, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "S");
 }
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, u32, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, u32, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "uint");
 }
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, vec3, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, vec3, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "vec3");
 }
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, vec3, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, vec3, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "f16vec3");
 }
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, void_, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, void_, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "void");
 }
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_FALSE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, sampler, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, sampler, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
 }
 
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_FALSE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, sampler, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, sampler, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
 }
 
@@ -514,7 +514,8 @@
     GeneratorImpl& gen = Build();
 
     std::stringstream out;
-    ASSERT_TRUE(gen.EmitType(out, s, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+    ASSERT_TRUE(
+        gen.EmitType(out, s, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "highp sampler2DMS");
 }
@@ -531,7 +532,7 @@
 TEST_P(GlslStorageTexturesTest, Emit) {
     auto params = GetParam();
 
-    auto t = ty.storage_texture(params.dim, params.imgfmt, type::Access::kWrite);
+    auto t = ty.storage_texture(params.dim, params.imgfmt, builtin::Access::kWrite);
 
     GlobalVar("tex", t, Binding(1_a), Group(2_a));
 
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl.cc b/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl.cc
index df7de5c..f75cf06 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl.cc
@@ -377,8 +377,8 @@
         std::string fn;
         {
             std::ostringstream ss;
-            if (!EmitType(ss, vec, tint::type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined,
-                          "")) {
+            if (!EmitType(ss, vec, tint::type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
+                          builtin::Access::kUndefined, "")) {
                 return "";
             }
             fn = UniqueIdentifier("set_" + ss.str());
@@ -386,13 +386,13 @@
         {
             auto out = line(&helpers_);
             out << "void " << fn << "(inout ";
-            if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, vec, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined,
-                                 "vec")) {
+            if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, vec, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
+                                 builtin::Access::kUndefined, "vec")) {
                 return "";
             }
             out << ", int idx, ";
             if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, vec->type(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                 type::Access::kUndefined, "val")) {
+                                 builtin::Access::kUndefined, "val")) {
                 return "";
             }
             out << ") {";
@@ -451,8 +451,8 @@
         std::string fn;
         {
             std::ostringstream ss;
-            if (!EmitType(ss, mat, tint::type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined,
-                          "")) {
+            if (!EmitType(ss, mat, tint::type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
+                          builtin::Access::kUndefined, "")) {
                 return "";
             }
             fn = UniqueIdentifier("set_vector_" + ss.str());
@@ -460,13 +460,13 @@
         {
             auto out = line(&helpers_);
             out << "void " << fn << "(inout ";
-            if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, mat, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined,
-                                 "mat")) {
+            if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, mat, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
+                                 builtin::Access::kUndefined, "mat")) {
                 return "";
             }
             out << ", int col, ";
             if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, mat->ColumnType(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                 type::Access::kUndefined, "val")) {
+                                 builtin::Access::kUndefined, "val")) {
                 return "";
             }
             out << ") {";
@@ -520,8 +520,8 @@
         std::string fn;
         {
             std::ostringstream ss;
-            if (!EmitType(ss, mat, tint::type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined,
-                          "")) {
+            if (!EmitType(ss, mat, tint::type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
+                          builtin::Access::kUndefined, "")) {
                 return "";
             }
             fn = UniqueIdentifier("set_scalar_" + ss.str());
@@ -529,13 +529,13 @@
         {
             auto out = line(&helpers_);
             out << "void " << fn << "(inout ";
-            if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, mat, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined,
-                                 "mat")) {
+            if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, mat, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
+                                 builtin::Access::kUndefined, "mat")) {
                 return "";
             }
             out << ", int col, int row, ";
             if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, mat->type(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                 type::Access::kUndefined, "val")) {
+                                 builtin::Access::kUndefined, "val")) {
                 return "";
             }
             out << ") {";
@@ -642,7 +642,7 @@
     }
 
     out << "as";
-    if (!EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, "")) {
+    if (!EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, "")) {
         return false;
     }
     out << "(";
@@ -1030,7 +1030,7 @@
 bool GeneratorImpl::EmitTypeConversion(std::ostream& out,
                                        const sem::Call* call,
                                        const sem::TypeConversion* conv) {
-    if (!EmitType(out, conv->Target(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    if (!EmitType(out, conv->Target(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
                   "")) {
         return false;
     }
@@ -1076,7 +1076,7 @@
     if (brackets) {
         out << "{";
     } else {
-        if (!EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, "")) {
+        if (!EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, "")) {
             return false;
         }
         out << "(";
@@ -1594,12 +1594,12 @@
         {
             auto fn = line(&buf);
             if (!EmitTypeAndName(fn, result_ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                 type::Access::kUndefined, name)) {
+                                 builtin::Access::kUndefined, name)) {
                 return false;
             }
             fn << "(RWByteAddressBuffer buffer, uint offset, ";
             if (!EmitTypeAndName(fn, result_ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                 type::Access::kUndefined, "value")) {
+                                 builtin::Access::kUndefined, "value")) {
                 return false;
             }
             fn << ") {";
@@ -1615,7 +1615,7 @@
         {
             auto l = line(&buf);
             if (!EmitTypeAndName(l, result_ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                 type::Access::kUndefined, "original_value")) {
+                                 builtin::Access::kUndefined, "original_value")) {
                 return false;
             }
             l << " = 0;";
@@ -1664,7 +1664,7 @@
             {
                 auto fn = line(&buf);
                 if (!EmitTypeAndName(fn, result_ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                     type::Access::kUndefined, name)) {
+                                     builtin::Access::kUndefined, name)) {
                     return false;
                 }
                 fn << "(RWByteAddressBuffer buffer, uint offset) {";
@@ -1680,7 +1680,7 @@
             {
                 auto l = line(&buf);
                 if (!EmitTypeAndName(l, result_ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                     type::Access::kUndefined, "value")) {
+                                     builtin::Access::kUndefined, "value")) {
                     return false;
                 }
                 l << " = 0;";
@@ -1698,7 +1698,7 @@
                 auto fn = line(&buf);
                 fn << "void " << name << "(RWByteAddressBuffer buffer, uint offset, ";
                 if (!EmitTypeAndName(fn, value_ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                     type::Access::kUndefined, "value")) {
+                                     builtin::Access::kUndefined, "value")) {
                     return false;
                 }
                 fn << ") {";
@@ -1714,7 +1714,7 @@
             {
                 auto l = line(&buf);
                 if (!EmitTypeAndName(l, value_ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                     type::Access::kUndefined, "ignored")) {
+                                     builtin::Access::kUndefined, "ignored")) {
                     return false;
                 }
                 l << ";";
@@ -1729,17 +1729,17 @@
             {
                 auto fn = line(&buf);
                 if (!EmitTypeAndName(fn, result_ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                     type::Access::kUndefined, name)) {
+                                     builtin::Access::kUndefined, name)) {
                     return false;
                 }
                 fn << "(RWByteAddressBuffer buffer, uint offset, ";
                 if (!EmitTypeAndName(fn, value_ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                     type::Access::kUndefined, "compare")) {
+                                     builtin::Access::kUndefined, "compare")) {
                     return false;
                 }
                 fn << ", ";
                 if (!EmitTypeAndName(fn, value_ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                     type::Access::kUndefined, "value")) {
+                                     builtin::Access::kUndefined, "value")) {
                     return false;
                 }
                 fn << ") {";
@@ -1755,7 +1755,7 @@
             {  // T result = {0};
                 auto l = line(&buf);
                 if (!EmitTypeAndName(l, result_ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                     type::Access::kUndefined, "result")) {
+                                     builtin::Access::kUndefined, "result")) {
                     return false;
                 }
                 l << "=";
@@ -1790,7 +1790,7 @@
     if (!builtin->ReturnType()->Is<type::Void>()) {
         auto pre = line();
         if (!EmitTypeAndName(pre, builtin->ReturnType(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                             type::Access::kUndefined, result)) {
+                             builtin::Access::kUndefined, result)) {
             return false;
         }
         pre << " = ";
@@ -1854,7 +1854,7 @@
                 auto pre = line();
                 auto* value_ty = builtin->Parameters()[1]->Type()->UnwrapRef();
                 if (!EmitTypeAndName(pre, value_ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                     type::Access::kUndefined, result)) {
+                                     builtin::Access::kUndefined, result)) {
                     return false;
                 }
                 pre << " = ";
@@ -1892,7 +1892,7 @@
             {  // T compare_value = <compare_value>;
                 auto pre = line();
                 if (!EmitTypeAndName(pre, TypeOf(compare_value)->UnwrapRef(),
-                                     type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined,
+                                     type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kUndefined,
                                      compare)) {
                     return false;
                 }
@@ -2003,7 +2003,7 @@
             {
                 auto l = line(b);
                 if (!EmitType(l, builtin->ReturnType(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                              type::Access::kUndefined, "")) {
+                              builtin::Access::kUndefined, "")) {
                     return false;
                 }
                 l << " result;";
@@ -2045,7 +2045,7 @@
             {
                 auto l = line(b);
                 if (!EmitType(l, builtin->ReturnType(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                              type::Access::kUndefined, "")) {
+                              builtin::Access::kUndefined, "")) {
                     return false;
                 }
                 l << " result = {fract, int" << width << "(exp)};";
@@ -2082,7 +2082,8 @@
 // type after the call to `sign`.
 bool GeneratorImpl::EmitSignCall(std::ostream& out, const sem::Call* call, const sem::Builtin*) {
     auto* arg = call->Arguments()[0];
-    if (!EmitType(out, arg->Type(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, "")) {
+    if (!EmitType(out, arg->Type(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
+                  "")) {
         return false;
     }
     out << "(sign(";
@@ -2885,14 +2886,14 @@
             auto pre = line();
             pre << "typedef ";
             if (!EmitTypeAndName(pre, sem->ReturnType(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                 type::Access::kReadWrite, typedef_name)) {
+                                 builtin::Access::kReadWrite, typedef_name)) {
                 return false;
             }
             pre << ";";
             out << typedef_name;
         } else {
             if (!EmitType(out, sem->ReturnType(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                          type::Access::kReadWrite, "")) {
+                          builtin::Access::kReadWrite, "")) {
                 return false;
             }
         }
@@ -2909,7 +2910,7 @@
 
             auto const* type = v->Type();
             auto address_space = type::AddressSpace::kUndefined;
-            auto access = type::Access::kUndefined;
+            auto access = builtin::Access::kUndefined;
 
             if (auto* ptr = type->As<type::Pointer>()) {
                 type = ptr->StoreType();
@@ -2983,7 +2984,7 @@
     {
         auto out = line();
         if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, sem->ReturnType(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                             type::Access::kReadWrite, name)) {
+                             builtin::Access::kReadWrite, name)) {
             return false;
         }
         out << ";";
@@ -3068,7 +3069,7 @@
     }
 
     auto* global_sem = sem->As<sem::GlobalVariable>();
-    out << RegisterAndSpace(sem->Access() == type::Access::kRead ? 't' : 'u',
+    out << RegisterAndSpace(sem->Access() == builtin::Access::kRead ? 't' : 'u',
                             global_sem->BindingPoint())
         << ";";
 
@@ -3241,7 +3242,7 @@
         }
 
         if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, func_sem->ReturnType(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                             type::Access::kUndefined,
+                             builtin::Access::kUndefined,
                              builder_.Symbols().NameFor(func->name->symbol))) {
             return false;
         }
@@ -3336,7 +3337,8 @@
                 return true;
             }
 
-            if (!EmitType(out, v, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined, "")) {
+            if (!EmitType(out, v, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kUndefined,
+                          "")) {
                 return false;
             }
 
@@ -3353,7 +3355,8 @@
             return true;
         },
         [&](const type::Matrix* m) {
-            if (!EmitType(out, m, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined, "")) {
+            if (!EmitType(out, m, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kUndefined,
+                          "")) {
                 return false;
             }
 
@@ -3372,7 +3375,7 @@
         [&](const type::Array* a) {
             if (constant->AllZero()) {
                 out << "(";
-                if (!EmitType(out, a, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined,
+                if (!EmitType(out, a, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kUndefined,
                               "")) {
                     return false;
                 }
@@ -3513,7 +3516,7 @@
             return true;
         },
         [&](const type::Vector* vec) {
-            if (!EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+            if (!EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
                           "")) {
                 return false;
             }
@@ -3529,7 +3532,7 @@
             return true;
         },
         [&](const type::Matrix* mat) {
-            if (!EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+            if (!EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
                           "")) {
                 return false;
             }
@@ -3547,13 +3550,13 @@
         [&](const sem::Struct*) {
             out << "(";
             TINT_DEFER(out << ")" << value);
-            return EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined,
+            return EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kUndefined,
                             "");
         },
         [&](const type::Array*) {
             out << "(";
             TINT_DEFER(out << ")" << value);
-            return EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined,
+            return EmitType(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kUndefined,
                             "");
         },
         [&](Default) {
@@ -3929,7 +3932,7 @@
 bool GeneratorImpl::EmitType(std::ostream& out,
                              const type::Type* type,
                              type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                             type::Access access,
+                             builtin::Access access,
                              const std::string& name,
                              bool* name_printed /* = nullptr */) {
     if (name_printed) {
@@ -3937,7 +3940,7 @@
     }
     switch (address_space) {
         case type::AddressSpace::kStorage:
-            if (access != type::Access::kRead) {
+            if (access != builtin::Access::kRead) {
                 out << "RW";
             }
             out << "ByteAddressBuffer";
@@ -4059,7 +4062,7 @@
             auto* depth_ms = tex->As<type::DepthMultisampledTexture>();
             auto* sampled = tex->As<type::SampledTexture>();
 
-            if (storage && storage->access() != type::Access::kRead) {
+            if (storage && storage->access() != builtin::Access::kRead) {
                 out << "RW";
             }
             out << "Texture";
@@ -4156,7 +4159,7 @@
 bool GeneratorImpl::EmitTypeAndName(std::ostream& out,
                                     const type::Type* type,
                                     type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                                    type::Access access,
+                                    builtin::Access access,
                                     const std::string& name) {
     bool name_printed = false;
     if (!EmitType(out, type, address_space, access, name, &name_printed)) {
@@ -4238,8 +4241,8 @@
             }
 
             out << pre;
-            if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite,
-                                 mem_name)) {
+            if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
+                                 builtin::Access::kReadWrite, mem_name)) {
                 return false;
             }
             out << post << ";";
@@ -4308,7 +4311,7 @@
 
     auto out = line();
     out << "const ";
-    if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kUndefined,
+    if (!EmitTypeAndName(out, type, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kUndefined,
                          builder_.Symbols().NameFor(let->name->symbol))) {
         return false;
     }
@@ -4336,7 +4339,7 @@
         {
             auto decl = line(&b);
             if (!EmitTypeAndName(decl, builtin->ReturnType(), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                 type::Access::kUndefined, fn_name)) {
+                                 builtin::Access::kUndefined, fn_name)) {
                 return "";
             }
             {
@@ -4352,7 +4355,7 @@
                         ty = ptr->StoreType();
                     }
                     if (!EmitTypeAndName(decl, ty, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                                         type::Access::kUndefined, param_name)) {
+                                         builtin::Access::kUndefined, param_name)) {
                         return "";
                     }
                     parameter_names.emplace_back(std::move(param_name));
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl.h b/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl.h
index b5f53bf..1e2faa1 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl.h
+++ b/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl.h
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@
     bool EmitType(std::ostream& out,
                   const type::Type* type,
                   type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                  type::Access access,
+                  builtin::Access access,
                   const std::string& name,
                   bool* name_printed = nullptr);
     /// Handles generating type and name
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@
     bool EmitTypeAndName(std::ostream& out,
                          const type::Type* type,
                          type::AddressSpace address_space,
-                         type::Access access,
+                         builtin::Access access,
                          const std::string& name);
     /// Handles generating a structure declaration. If the structure has already been emitted, then
     /// this function will simply return `true` without emitting anything.
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl_function_test.cc b/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl_function_test.cc
index afad67c..43e474a 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl_function_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl_function_test.cc
@@ -436,7 +436,7 @@
                                     Member("b", ty.f32()),
                                 });
 
-    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
               Binding(0_a), Group(1_a));
 
     auto* var = Var("v", ty.f32(), MemberAccessor("coord", "b"));
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@
                                     Member("b", ty.f32()),
                                 });
 
-    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
+    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
               Group(1_a));
 
     auto* var = Var("v", ty.f32(), MemberAccessor("coord", "b"));
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@
                                     Member("b", ty.f32()),
                                 });
 
-    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
               Binding(0_a), Group(1_a));
 
     Func("frag_main", utils::Empty, ty.void_(),
@@ -533,7 +533,7 @@
                                     Member("b", ty.f32()),
                                 });
 
-    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
               Binding(0_a), Group(1_a));
 
     Func("frag_main", utils::Empty, ty.void_(),
@@ -602,7 +602,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(HlslGeneratorImplTest_Function, Emit_Attribute_Called_By_EntryPoint_With_StorageBuffer) {
     auto* s = Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("x", ty.f32())});
-    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
               Binding(0_a), Group(1_a));
 
     Func("sub_func",
@@ -830,7 +830,7 @@
 
     auto* s = Structure("Data", utils::Vector{Member("d", ty.f32())});
 
-    GlobalVar("data", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    GlobalVar("data", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
               Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
 
     {
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl_member_accessor_test.cc b/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl_member_accessor_test.cc
index f2607c5..2c11fc2 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl_member_accessor_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl_member_accessor_test.cc
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@
         ProgramBuilder& b = *this;
         auto* s = b.Structure("Data", members);
 
-        b.GlobalVar("data", b.ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+        b.GlobalVar("data", b.ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
                     b.Group(1_a), b.Binding(0_a));
     }
 
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
         ProgramBuilder& b = *this;
         auto* s = b.Structure("Data", members);
 
-        b.GlobalVar("data", b.ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kUniform, type::Access::kUndefined,
+        b.GlobalVar("data", b.ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kUniform, builtin::Access::kUndefined,
                     b.Group(1_a), b.Binding(1_a));
     }
 
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl_sanitizer_test.cc b/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl_sanitizer_test.cc
index 961a27b..8013045 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl_sanitizer_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl_sanitizer_test.cc
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(HlslSanitizerTest, Call_ArrayLength) {
     auto* s = Structure("my_struct", utils::Vector{Member(0, "a", ty.array<f32>())});
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
               Group(2_a));
 
     Func("a_func", utils::Empty, ty.void_(),
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
                                          Member(0, "z", ty.f32()),
                                          Member(4, "a", ty.array<f32>()),
                                      });
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
               Group(2_a));
 
     Func("a_func", utils::Empty, ty.void_(),
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(HlslSanitizerTest, Call_ArrayLength_ViaLets) {
     auto* s = Structure("my_struct", utils::Vector{Member(0, "a", ty.array<f32>())});
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
               Group(2_a));
 
     auto* p = Let("p", AddressOf("b"));
@@ -129,9 +129,9 @@
 
 TEST_F(HlslSanitizerTest, Call_ArrayLength_ArrayLengthFromUniform) {
     auto* s = Structure("my_struct", utils::Vector{Member(0, "a", ty.array<f32>())});
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
               Group(2_a));
-    GlobalVar("c", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(2_a),
+    GlobalVar("c", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(2_a),
               Group(2_a));
 
     Func("a_func", utils::Empty, ty.void_(),
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl_type_test.cc b/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl_type_test.cc
index fc347ac..0aa019e 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl_type_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/hlsl/generator_impl_type_test.cc
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(gen.EmitType(out, program->TypeOf(ty), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                             type::Access::kReadWrite, "ary"))
+                             builtin::Access::kReadWrite, "ary"))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "bool ary[4]");
 }
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(gen.EmitType(out, program->TypeOf(ty), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                             type::Access::kReadWrite, "ary"))
+                             builtin::Access::kReadWrite, "ary"))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "bool ary[5][4]");
 }
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(gen.EmitType(out, program->TypeOf(ty), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                             type::Access::kReadWrite, "ary"))
+                             builtin::Access::kReadWrite, "ary"))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "bool ary[6][5][4]");
 }
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(gen.EmitType(out, program->TypeOf(ty), type::AddressSpace::kUndefined,
-                             type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+                             builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "bool[4]");
 }
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, bool_, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, bool_, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "bool");
 }
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, f16, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, f16, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "float16_t");
 }
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, f32, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, f32, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "float");
 }
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, i32, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, i32, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "int");
 }
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, mat2x3, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, mat2x3, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "matrix<float16_t, 2, 3>");
 }
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, mat2x3, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, mat2x3, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "float2x3");
 }
@@ -184,8 +184,8 @@
                                  Member("a", ty.i32()),
                                  Member("b", ty.f32()),
                              });
-    GlobalVar("g", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite, Binding(0_a),
-              Group(0_a));
+    GlobalVar("g", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
+              Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
 
     GeneratorImpl& gen = Build();
 
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@
     auto* sem_s = program->TypeOf(s)->As<sem::Struct>();
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, sem_s, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, sem_s, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "S");
 }
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, u32, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, u32, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "uint");
 }
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, vec3, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, vec3, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "float3");
 }
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, void_, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, void_, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "void");
 }
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, sampler, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, sampler, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "SamplerState");
 }
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@
 
     std::stringstream out;
     ASSERT_TRUE(
-        gen.EmitType(out, sampler, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+        gen.EmitType(out, sampler, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "SamplerComparisonState");
 }
@@ -512,7 +512,8 @@
     GeneratorImpl& gen = Build();
 
     std::stringstream out;
-    ASSERT_TRUE(gen.EmitType(out, s, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, type::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
+    ASSERT_TRUE(
+        gen.EmitType(out, s, type::AddressSpace::kUndefined, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, ""))
         << gen.error();
     EXPECT_EQ(out.str(), "Texture2DMS<float4>");
 }
@@ -530,7 +531,7 @@
 TEST_P(HlslStorageTexturesTest, Emit) {
     auto params = GetParam();
 
-    auto t = ty.storage_texture(params.dim, params.imgfmt, type::Access::kWrite);
+    auto t = ty.storage_texture(params.dim, params.imgfmt, builtin::Access::kWrite);
 
     GlobalVar("tex", t,
               utils::Vector{
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/msl/generator_impl.cc b/src/tint/writer/msl/generator_impl.cc
index 39c3ec7..5fc779a 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/msl/generator_impl.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/msl/generator_impl.cc
@@ -2610,7 +2610,7 @@
             return true;
         },
         [&](const type::Pointer* ptr) {
-            if (ptr->Access() == type::Access::kRead) {
+            if (ptr->Access() == builtin::Access::kRead) {
                 out << "const ";
             }
             if (!EmitAddressSpace(out, ptr->AddressSpace())) {
@@ -2694,9 +2694,9 @@
                     }
 
                     std::string access_str;
-                    if (storage->access() == type::Access::kRead) {
+                    if (storage->access() == builtin::Access::kRead) {
                         out << ", access::read";
-                    } else if (storage->access() == type::Access::kWrite) {
+                    } else if (storage->access() == builtin::Access::kWrite) {
                         out << ", access::write";
                     } else {
                         diagnostics_.add_error(diag::System::Writer,
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/msl/generator_impl_function_test.cc b/src/tint/writer/msl/generator_impl_function_test.cc
index de88ecb..05e8531 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/msl/generator_impl_function_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/msl/generator_impl_function_test.cc
@@ -341,8 +341,8 @@
                                     Member("b", ty.f32()),
                                 });
 
-    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite, Group(0_a),
-              Binding(0_a));
+    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
+              Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
 
     auto* var = Var("v", ty.f32(), MemberAccessor("coord", "b"));
 
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@
                                     Member("b", ty.f32()),
                                 });
 
-    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Group(0_a),
+    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Group(0_a),
               Binding(0_a));
 
     auto* var = Var("v", ty.f32(), MemberAccessor("coord", "b"));
@@ -466,8 +466,8 @@
                                     Member("b", ty.f32()),
                                 });
 
-    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite, Group(0_a),
-              Binding(0_a));
+    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
+              Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
 
     Func("sub_func",
          utils::Vector{
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@
                                     Member("b", ty.f32()),
                                 });
 
-    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Group(0_a),
+    GlobalVar("coord", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Group(0_a),
               Binding(0_a));
 
     Func("sub_func",
@@ -656,8 +656,8 @@
 
     auto* s = Structure("Data", utils::Vector{Member("d", ty.f32())});
 
-    GlobalVar("data", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite, Group(0_a),
-              Binding(0_a));
+    GlobalVar("data", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
+              Group(0_a), Binding(0_a));
 
     {
         auto* var = Var("v", ty.f32(), MemberAccessor("data", "d"));
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/msl/generator_impl_sanitizer_test.cc b/src/tint/writer/msl/generator_impl_sanitizer_test.cc
index 3b35e6d..05708dd 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/msl/generator_impl_sanitizer_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/msl/generator_impl_sanitizer_test.cc
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(MslSanitizerTest, Call_ArrayLength) {
     auto* s = Structure("my_struct", utils::Vector{Member(0, "a", ty.array<f32>())});
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
               Group(2_a));
 
     Func("a_func", utils::Empty, ty.void_(),
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
                                          Member(0, "z", ty.f32()),
                                          Member(4, "a", ty.array<f32>()),
                                      });
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
               Group(2_a));
 
     Func("a_func", utils::Empty, ty.void_(),
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(MslSanitizerTest, Call_ArrayLength_ViaLets) {
     auto* s = Structure("my_struct", utils::Vector{Member(0, "a", ty.array<f32>())});
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
               Group(2_a));
 
     auto* p = Let("p", AddressOf("b"));
@@ -192,9 +192,9 @@
 
 TEST_F(MslSanitizerTest, Call_ArrayLength_ArrayLengthFromUniform) {
     auto* s = Structure("my_struct", utils::Vector{Member(0, "a", ty.array<f32>())});
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
               Group(0_a));
-    GlobalVar("c", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(2_a),
+    GlobalVar("c", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(2_a),
               Group(0_a));
 
     Func("a_func", utils::Empty, ty.void_(),
@@ -251,9 +251,9 @@
 
 TEST_F(MslSanitizerTest, Call_ArrayLength_ArrayLengthFromUniformMissingBinding) {
     auto* s = Structure("my_struct", utils::Vector{Member(0, "a", ty.array<f32>())});
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
               Group(0_a));
-    GlobalVar("c", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(2_a),
+    GlobalVar("c", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(2_a),
               Group(0_a));
 
     Func("a_func", utils::Empty, ty.void_(),
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/msl/generator_impl_type_test.cc b/src/tint/writer/msl/generator_impl_type_test.cc
index 971d2a6..1062fcd 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/msl/generator_impl_type_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/msl/generator_impl_type_test.cc
@@ -212,7 +212,8 @@
 
 TEST_F(MslGeneratorImplTest, EmitType_Pointer) {
     auto* f32 = create<type::F32>();
-    auto* p = create<type::Pointer>(f32, type::AddressSpace::kWorkgroup, type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* p =
+        create<type::Pointer>(f32, type::AddressSpace::kWorkgroup, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
 
     GeneratorImpl& gen = Build();
 
@@ -283,7 +284,7 @@
                  Member("z", ty.f32()),
              });
 
-    ast::Type type = GlobalVar("G", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead,
+    ast::Type type = GlobalVar("G", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead,
                                Binding(0_a), Group(0_a))
                          ->type;
 
@@ -392,7 +393,7 @@
                                  Member("e", ty.f32()),
                              });
 
-    ast::Type type = GlobalVar("G", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead,
+    ast::Type type = GlobalVar("G", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead,
                                Binding(0_a), Group(0_a))
                          ->type;
 
@@ -484,7 +485,7 @@
                                  Member("f", array_z),
                              });
 
-    ast::Type type = GlobalVar("G", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead,
+    ast::Type type = GlobalVar("G", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead,
                                Binding(0_a), Group(0_a))
                          ->type;
 
@@ -568,7 +569,7 @@
                                  Member("c", ty.i32()),
                              });
 
-    ast::Type type = GlobalVar("G", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead,
+    ast::Type type = GlobalVar("G", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead,
                                Binding(0_a), Group(0_a))
                          ->type;
 
@@ -630,7 +631,7 @@
                                  Member("tint_pad_21", ty.f32()),
                              });
 
-    ast::Type type = GlobalVar("G", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead,
+    ast::Type type = GlobalVar("G", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead,
                                Binding(0_a), Group(0_a))
                          ->type;
 
@@ -689,7 +690,7 @@
                                  Member("b", ty.f32()),
                              });
 
-    ast::Type type = GlobalVar("G", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead,
+    ast::Type type = GlobalVar("G", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead,
                                Binding(0_a), Group(0_a))
                          ->type;
 
@@ -853,7 +854,7 @@
 TEST_P(MslStorageTexturesTest, Emit) {
     auto params = GetParam();
 
-    auto s = ty.storage_texture(params.dim, type::TexelFormat::kR32Float, type::Access::kWrite);
+    auto s = ty.storage_texture(params.dim, type::TexelFormat::kR32Float, builtin::Access::kWrite);
     ast::Type type = GlobalVar("test_var", s, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a))->type;
 
     GeneratorImpl& gen = Build();
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/spirv/builder.cc b/src/tint/writer/spirv/builder.cc
index efee866..33b7cbf 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/spirv/builder.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/spirv/builder.cc
@@ -799,16 +799,16 @@
             // type is a sem::Struct or a type::StorageTexture
             auto access = st ? st->access() : sem->Access();
             switch (access) {
-                case type::Access::kWrite:
+                case builtin::Access::kWrite:
                     push_annot(spv::Op::OpDecorate,
                                {Operand(var_id), U32Operand(SpvDecorationNonReadable)});
                     break;
-                case type::Access::kRead:
+                case builtin::Access::kRead:
                     push_annot(spv::Op::OpDecorate,
                                {Operand(var_id), U32Operand(SpvDecorationNonWritable)});
                     break;
-                case type::Access::kUndefined:
-                case type::Access::kReadWrite:
+                case builtin::Access::kUndefined:
+                case builtin::Access::kReadWrite:
                     break;
             }
         }
@@ -1900,7 +1900,7 @@
     // Create a new vector to splat scalar into
     auto splat_vector = result_op();
     auto* splat_vector_type = builder_.create<type::Pointer>(
-        vec_type, type::AddressSpace::kFunction, type::Access::kReadWrite);
+        vec_type, type::AddressSpace::kFunction, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
     push_function_var({Operand(GenerateTypeIfNeeded(splat_vector_type)), splat_vector,
                        U32Operand(ConvertAddressSpace(type::AddressSpace::kFunction)),
                        Operand(GenerateConstantNullIfNeeded(vec_type))});
@@ -3656,10 +3656,10 @@
     // fine.
     if (auto* ptr = type->As<type::Pointer>()) {
         type = builder_.create<type::Pointer>(ptr->StoreType(), ptr->AddressSpace(),
-                                              type::Access::kReadWrite);
+                                              builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
     } else if (auto* ref = type->As<type::Reference>()) {
         type = builder_.create<type::Pointer>(ref->StoreType(), ref->AddressSpace(),
-                                              type::Access::kReadWrite);
+                                              builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
     }
 
     return utils::GetOrCreate(type_to_id_, type, [&]() -> uint32_t {
@@ -3718,11 +3718,12 @@
                 // SPIR-V, we must output a single type, while the variable is
                 // annotated with the access type. Doing this ensures we de-dupe.
                 type_to_id_[builder_.create<type::StorageTexture>(
-                    tex->dim(), tex->texel_format(), type::Access::kRead, tex->type())] = id;
+                    tex->dim(), tex->texel_format(), builtin::Access::kRead, tex->type())] = id;
                 type_to_id_[builder_.create<type::StorageTexture>(
-                    tex->dim(), tex->texel_format(), type::Access::kWrite, tex->type())] = id;
+                    tex->dim(), tex->texel_format(), builtin::Access::kWrite, tex->type())] = id;
                 type_to_id_[builder_.create<type::StorageTexture>(
-                    tex->dim(), tex->texel_format(), type::Access::kReadWrite, tex->type())] = id;
+                    tex->dim(), tex->texel_format(), builtin::Access::kReadWrite, tex->type())] =
+                    id;
                 return true;
             },
             [&](const type::Texture* tex) { return GenerateTextureType(tex, result); },
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/spirv/builder_builtin_test.cc b/src/tint/writer/spirv/builder_builtin_test.cc
index 693fdb1..a895e5f 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/spirv/builder_builtin_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/spirv/builder_builtin_test.cc
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@
     auto* s = Structure("my_struct", utils::Vector{
                                          Member("a", ty.array<f32>()),
                                      });
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
               Group(2_a));
     auto* expr = Call("arrayLength", AddressOf(MemberAccessor("b", "a")));
 
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@
                                          Member("z", ty.f32()),
                                          Member(4, "a", ty.array<f32>()),
                                      });
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
               Group(2_a));
     auto* expr = Call("arrayLength", AddressOf(MemberAccessor("b", "a")));
 
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@
     auto* s = Structure("my_struct", utils::Vector{
                                          Member("a", ty.array<f32>()),
                                      });
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
               Group(2_a));
 
     auto* p = Let("p", AddressOf("b"));
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@
     auto* s = Structure("my_struct", utils::Vector{
                                          Member("a", ty.array<f32>()),
                                      });
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(1_a),
               Group(2_a));
 
     auto* p = Let("p", AddressOf(Deref(AddressOf("b"))));
@@ -3513,8 +3513,8 @@
                                  Member("u", ty.atomic<u32>()),
                                  Member("i", ty.atomic<i32>()),
                              });
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite, Binding(1_a),
-              Group(2_a));
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
+              Binding(1_a), Group(2_a));
 
     Func("a_func", utils::Empty, ty.void_(),
          utils::Vector{
@@ -3577,8 +3577,8 @@
                                  Member("u", ty.atomic<u32>()),
                                  Member("i", ty.atomic<i32>()),
                              });
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite, Binding(1_a),
-              Group(2_a));
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
+              Binding(1_a), Group(2_a));
 
     Func("a_func", utils::Empty, ty.void_(),
          utils::Vector{
@@ -3649,8 +3649,8 @@
     auto* s = Structure("S", utils::Vector{
                                  Member("v", ty.atomic<i32>()),
                              });
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite, Binding(1_a),
-              Group(2_a));
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
+              Binding(1_a), Group(2_a));
 
     Func("a_func", utils::Empty, ty.void_(),
          utils::Vector{
@@ -3722,8 +3722,8 @@
     auto* s = Structure("S", utils::Vector{
                                  Member("v", ty.atomic<u32>()),
                              });
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite, Binding(1_a),
-              Group(2_a));
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
+              Binding(1_a), Group(2_a));
 
     Func("a_func", utils::Empty, ty.void_(),
          utils::Vector{
@@ -3797,8 +3797,8 @@
                                  Member("u", ty.atomic<u32>()),
                                  Member("i", ty.atomic<i32>()),
                              });
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite, Binding(1_a),
-              Group(2_a));
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
+              Binding(1_a), Group(2_a));
 
     Func("a_func", utils::Empty, ty.void_(),
          utils::Vector{
@@ -3873,8 +3873,8 @@
                                  Member("u", ty.atomic<u32>()),
                                  Member("i", ty.atomic<i32>()),
                              });
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite, Binding(1_a),
-              Group(2_a));
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
+              Binding(1_a), Group(2_a));
 
     Func("a_func", utils::Empty, ty.void_(),
          utils::Vector{
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/spirv/builder_function_test.cc b/src/tint/writer/spirv/builder_function_test.cc
index 618a84e..bdfc412 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/spirv/builder_function_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/spirv/builder_function_test.cc
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@
 
     auto* s = Structure("Data", utils::Vector{Member("d", ty.f32())});
 
-    GlobalVar("data", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    GlobalVar("data", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
               Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
 
     {
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/spirv/builder_global_variable_test.cc b/src/tint/writer/spirv/builder_global_variable_test.cc
index dae3a50..d412db2 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/spirv/builder_global_variable_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/spirv/builder_global_variable_test.cc
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@
                                  Member("b", ty.i32()),
                              });
 
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(A), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(A), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
               Group(0_a));
 
     spirv::Builder& b = SanitizeAndBuild();
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@
 
     auto* A = Structure("A", utils::Vector{Member("a", ty.i32())});
     auto* B = Alias("B", ty.Of(A));
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(B), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(B), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
               Group(0_a));
 
     spirv::Builder& b = SanitizeAndBuild();
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@
 
     auto* A = Structure("A", utils::Vector{Member("a", ty.i32())});
     auto* B = Alias("B", ty.Of(A));
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(B), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(B), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
               Group(0_a));
 
     spirv::Builder& b = SanitizeAndBuild();
@@ -435,9 +435,9 @@
     // var<storage, read_write> c : A
 
     auto* A = Structure("A", utils::Vector{Member("a", ty.i32())});
-    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(A), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Group(0_a),
+    GlobalVar("b", ty.Of(A), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Group(0_a),
               Binding(0_a));
-    GlobalVar("c", ty.Of(A), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite, Group(1_a),
+    GlobalVar("c", ty.Of(A), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite, Group(1_a),
               Binding(0_a));
 
     spirv::Builder& b = SanitizeAndBuild();
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@
     // var<uniform_constant> a : texture_storage_2d<r32uint, write>;
 
     auto type = ty.storage_texture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, type::TexelFormat::kR32Uint,
-                                   type::Access::kWrite);
+                                   builtin::Access::kWrite);
 
     auto* var_a = GlobalVar("a", type, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
 
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/spirv/builder_type_test.cc b/src/tint/writer/spirv/builder_type_test.cc
index 93831af..a6c7b2b 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/spirv/builder_type_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/spirv/builder_type_test.cc
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 TEST_F(BuilderTest_Type, GenerateRuntimeArray) {
     auto ary = ty.array(ty.i32());
     auto* str = Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("x", ary)});
-    GlobalVar("a", ty.Of(str), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
+    GlobalVar("a", ty.Of(str), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
               Group(0_a));
     ast::Type type = str->members[0]->type;
 
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
 TEST_F(BuilderTest_Type, ReturnsGeneratedRuntimeArray) {
     auto ary = ty.array(ty.i32());
     auto* str = Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("x", ary)});
-    GlobalVar("a", ty.Of(str), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
+    GlobalVar("a", ty.Of(str), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead, Binding(0_a),
               Group(0_a));
     ast::Type type = str->members[0]->type;
 
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(BuilderTest_Type, GeneratePtr) {
     auto* i32 = create<type::I32>();
-    auto* ptr = create<type::Pointer>(i32, type::AddressSpace::kOut, type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* ptr = create<type::Pointer>(i32, type::AddressSpace::kOut, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
 
     spirv::Builder& b = Build();
 
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(BuilderTest_Type, ReturnsGeneratedPtr) {
     auto* i32 = create<type::I32>();
-    auto* ptr = create<type::Pointer>(i32, type::AddressSpace::kOut, type::Access::kReadWrite);
+    auto* ptr = create<type::Pointer>(i32, type::AddressSpace::kOut, builtin::Access::kReadWrite);
 
     spirv::Builder& b = Build();
 
@@ -863,7 +863,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(BuilderTest_Type, StorageTexture_Generate_1d) {
     auto s = ty.storage_texture(type::TextureDimension::k1d, type::TexelFormat::kR32Float,
-                                type::Access::kWrite);
+                                builtin::Access::kWrite);
 
     ast::Type ty = GlobalVar("test_var", s, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a))->type;
 
@@ -878,7 +878,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(BuilderTest_Type, StorageTexture_Generate_2d) {
     auto s = ty.storage_texture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, type::TexelFormat::kR32Float,
-                                type::Access::kWrite);
+                                builtin::Access::kWrite);
 
     ast::Type ty = GlobalVar("test_var", s, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a))->type;
 
@@ -893,7 +893,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(BuilderTest_Type, StorageTexture_Generate_2dArray) {
     auto s = ty.storage_texture(type::TextureDimension::k2dArray, type::TexelFormat::kR32Float,
-                                type::Access::kWrite);
+                                builtin::Access::kWrite);
 
     ast::Type ty = GlobalVar("test_var", s, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a))->type;
 
@@ -908,7 +908,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(BuilderTest_Type, StorageTexture_Generate_3d) {
     auto s = ty.storage_texture(type::TextureDimension::k3d, type::TexelFormat::kR32Float,
-                                type::Access::kWrite);
+                                builtin::Access::kWrite);
 
     ast::Type ty = GlobalVar("test_var", s, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a))->type;
 
@@ -923,7 +923,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(BuilderTest_Type, StorageTexture_Generate_SampledTypeFloat_Format_r32float) {
     auto s = ty.storage_texture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, type::TexelFormat::kR32Float,
-                                type::Access::kWrite);
+                                builtin::Access::kWrite);
 
     ast::Type ty = GlobalVar("test_var", s, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a))->type;
 
@@ -938,7 +938,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(BuilderTest_Type, StorageTexture_Generate_SampledTypeSint_Format_r32sint) {
     auto s = ty.storage_texture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, type::TexelFormat::kR32Sint,
-                                type::Access::kWrite);
+                                builtin::Access::kWrite);
 
     ast::Type ty = GlobalVar("test_var", s, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a))->type;
 
@@ -953,7 +953,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(BuilderTest_Type, StorageTexture_Generate_SampledTypeUint_Format_r32uint) {
     auto s = ty.storage_texture(type::TextureDimension::k2d, type::TexelFormat::kR32Uint,
-                                type::Access::kWrite);
+                                builtin::Access::kWrite);
 
     ast::Type ty = GlobalVar("test_var", s, Binding(0_a), Group(0_a))->type;
 
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/wgsl/generator_impl_function_test.cc b/src/tint/writer/wgsl/generator_impl_function_test.cc
index 34e26b4..e29f0f4 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/wgsl/generator_impl_function_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/wgsl/generator_impl_function_test.cc
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@
                                     Member("d", ty.f32()),
                                 });
 
-    GlobalVar("data", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    GlobalVar("data", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
               Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
 
     {
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/wgsl/generator_impl_type_test.cc b/src/tint/writer/wgsl/generator_impl_type_test.cc
index 4f8740c..18fb678 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/wgsl/generator_impl_type_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/wgsl/generator_impl_type_test.cc
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(WgslGeneratorImplTest, EmitType_PointerAccessMode) {
     auto type = Alias("make_type_reachable",
-                      ty.pointer<f32>(type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite))
+                      ty.pointer<f32>(type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite))
                     ->type;
 
     GeneratorImpl& gen = Build();
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@
 struct StorageTextureData {
     type::TexelFormat fmt;
     type::TextureDimension dim;
-    type::Access access;
+    builtin::Access access;
     const char* name;
 };
 inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, StorageTextureData data) {
@@ -466,13 +466,13 @@
     WgslGenerator_StorageTextureTest,
     testing::Values(
         StorageTextureData{type::TexelFormat::kRgba8Sint, type::TextureDimension::k1d,
-                           type::Access::kWrite, "texture_storage_1d<rgba8sint, write>"},
+                           builtin::Access::kWrite, "texture_storage_1d<rgba8sint, write>"},
         StorageTextureData{type::TexelFormat::kRgba8Sint, type::TextureDimension::k2d,
-                           type::Access::kWrite, "texture_storage_2d<rgba8sint, write>"},
+                           builtin::Access::kWrite, "texture_storage_2d<rgba8sint, write>"},
         StorageTextureData{type::TexelFormat::kRgba8Sint, type::TextureDimension::k2dArray,
-                           type::Access::kWrite, "texture_storage_2d_array<rgba8sint, write>"},
+                           builtin::Access::kWrite, "texture_storage_2d_array<rgba8sint, write>"},
         StorageTextureData{type::TexelFormat::kRgba8Sint, type::TextureDimension::k3d,
-                           type::Access::kWrite, "texture_storage_3d<rgba8sint, write>"}));
+                           builtin::Access::kWrite, "texture_storage_3d<rgba8sint, write>"}));
 
 struct ImageFormatData {
     type::TexelFormat fmt;
diff --git a/src/tint/writer/wgsl/generator_impl_variable_test.cc b/src/tint/writer/wgsl/generator_impl_variable_test.cc
index 3d39ce9..33ead1d 100644
--- a/src/tint/writer/wgsl/generator_impl_variable_test.cc
+++ b/src/tint/writer/wgsl/generator_impl_variable_test.cc
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(WgslGeneratorImplTest, EmitVariable_Access_Read) {
     auto* s = Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("a", ty.i32())});
-    auto* v = GlobalVar("a", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kRead,
+    auto* v = GlobalVar("a", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kRead,
                         Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
 
     GeneratorImpl& gen = Build();
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(WgslGeneratorImplTest, EmitVariable_Access_ReadWrite) {
     auto* s = Structure("S", utils::Vector{Member("a", ty.i32())});
-    auto* v = GlobalVar("a", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, type::Access::kReadWrite,
+    auto* v = GlobalVar("a", ty.Of(s), type::AddressSpace::kStorage, builtin::Access::kReadWrite,
                         Binding(0_a), Group(0_a));
 
     GeneratorImpl& gen = Build();