src/dawn/tests/white_box/D3D12ResidencyTests.cpp - dawn - Git at Google

 // Copyright 2020 The Dawn Authors
 //
 // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 // You may obtain a copy of the License at
 //
 //     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 //
 // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.

 #include "dawn/native/D3D12Backend.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/BufferD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/ResidencyManagerD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/native/d3d12/ShaderVisibleDescriptorAllocatorD3D12.h"
 #include "dawn/tests/DawnTest.h"
 #include "dawn/utils/ComboRenderPipelineDescriptor.h"
 #include "dawn/utils/WGPUHelpers.h"

 #include <vector>

 constexpr uint32_t kRestrictedBudgetSize = 100000000;         // 100MB
 constexpr uint32_t kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize = 5000000;  // 5MB
 constexpr uint32_t kSuballocatedResourceSize = 1000000;       // 1MB
 constexpr uint32_t kSourceBufferSize = 4;                     // 4B

 constexpr wgpu::BufferUsage kMapReadBufferUsage =
     wgpu::BufferUsage::CopyDst | wgpu::BufferUsage::MapRead;
 constexpr wgpu::BufferUsage kMapWriteBufferUsage =
     wgpu::BufferUsage::CopySrc | wgpu::BufferUsage::MapWrite;
 constexpr wgpu::BufferUsage kNonMappableBufferUsage = wgpu::BufferUsage::CopyDst;

 class D3D12ResidencyTestBase : public DawnTest {
   protected:
     void SetUp() override {
         DawnTest::SetUp();
         DAWN_TEST_UNSUPPORTED_IF(UsesWire());

         // Restrict Dawn's budget to create an artificial budget.
         dawn::native::d3d12::Device* d3dDevice =
             dawn::native::d3d12::ToBackend(dawn::native::FromAPI((device.Get())));
         d3dDevice->GetResidencyManager()->RestrictBudgetForTesting(kRestrictedBudgetSize);

         // Initialize a source buffer on the GPU to serve as a source to quickly copy data to other
         // buffers.
         constexpr uint32_t one = 1;
         mSourceBuffer =
             utils::CreateBufferFromData(device, &one, sizeof(one), wgpu::BufferUsage::CopySrc);
     }

     std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> AllocateBuffers(uint32_t bufferSize,
                                               uint32_t numberOfBuffers,
                                               wgpu::BufferUsage usage) {
         std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> buffers;

         for (uint64_t i = 0; i < numberOfBuffers; i++) {
             buffers.push_back(CreateBuffer(bufferSize, usage));
         }

         return buffers;
     }

     wgpu::Buffer CreateBuffer(uint32_t bufferSize, wgpu::BufferUsage usage) {
         wgpu::BufferDescriptor descriptor;

         descriptor.size = bufferSize;
         descriptor.usage = usage;

         return device.CreateBuffer(&descriptor);
     }

     void TouchBuffers(uint32_t beginIndex,
                       uint32_t numBuffers,
                       const std::vector<wgpu::Buffer>& bufferSet) {
         wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();

         // Perform a copy on the range of buffers to ensure the are moved to dedicated GPU memory.
         for (uint32_t i = beginIndex; i < beginIndex + numBuffers; i++) {
             encoder.CopyBufferToBuffer(mSourceBuffer, 0, bufferSet[i], 0, kSourceBufferSize);
         }
         wgpu::CommandBuffer copy = encoder.Finish();
         queue.Submit(1, &copy);
     }

     wgpu::Buffer mSourceBuffer;
 };

 class D3D12ResourceResidencyTests : public D3D12ResidencyTestBase {
   protected:
     bool CheckAllocationMethod(wgpu::Buffer buffer,
                                dawn::native::AllocationMethod allocationMethod) const {
         dawn::native::d3d12::Buffer* d3dBuffer =
             dawn::native::d3d12::ToBackend(dawn::native::FromAPI((buffer.Get())));
         return d3dBuffer->CheckAllocationMethodForTesting(allocationMethod);
     }

     bool CheckIfBufferIsResident(wgpu::Buffer buffer) const {
         dawn::native::d3d12::Buffer* d3dBuffer =
             dawn::native::d3d12::ToBackend(dawn::native::FromAPI((buffer.Get())));
         return d3dBuffer->CheckIsResidentForTesting();
     }

     bool IsUMA() const {
         return dawn::native::d3d12::ToBackend(dawn::native::FromAPI(device.Get()))
             ->GetDeviceInfo()
             .isUMA;
     }
 };

 class D3D12DescriptorResidencyTests : public D3D12ResidencyTestBase {};

 // Check that resources existing on suballocated heaps are made resident and evicted correctly.
 TEST_P(D3D12ResourceResidencyTests, OvercommitSmallResources) {
     // TODO(http://crbug.com/dawn/416): Tests fails on Intel HD 630 bot.
     DAWN_SUPPRESS_TEST_IF(IsIntel() && IsBackendValidationEnabled());

     // Create suballocated buffers to fill half the budget.
     std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> bufferSet1 = AllocateBuffers(
         kSuballocatedResourceSize, ((kRestrictedBudgetSize / 2) / kSuballocatedResourceSize),
         kNonMappableBufferUsage);

     // Check that all the buffers allocated are resident. Also make sure they were suballocated
     // internally.
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < bufferSet1.size(); i++) {
         EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(bufferSet1[i]));
         EXPECT_TRUE(
             CheckAllocationMethod(bufferSet1[i], dawn::native::AllocationMethod::kSubAllocated));
     }

     // Create enough directly-allocated buffers to use the entire budget.
     std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> bufferSet2 = AllocateBuffers(
         kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize, kRestrictedBudgetSize / kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
         kNonMappableBufferUsage);

     // Check that everything in bufferSet1 is now evicted.
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < bufferSet1.size(); i++) {
         EXPECT_FALSE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(bufferSet1[i]));
     }

     // Touch one of the non-resident buffers. This should cause the buffer to become resident.
     constexpr uint32_t indexOfBufferInSet1 = 5;
     TouchBuffers(indexOfBufferInSet1, 1, bufferSet1);
     // Check that this buffer is now resident.
     EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(bufferSet1[indexOfBufferInSet1]));

     // Touch everything in bufferSet2 again to evict the buffer made resident in the previous
     // operation.
     TouchBuffers(0, bufferSet2.size(), bufferSet2);
     // Check that indexOfBufferInSet1 was evicted.
     EXPECT_FALSE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(bufferSet1[indexOfBufferInSet1]));
 }

 // Check that resources existing on directly allocated heaps are made resident and evicted
 // correctly.
 TEST_P(D3D12ResourceResidencyTests, OvercommitLargeResources) {
     // Create directly-allocated buffers to fill half the budget.
     std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> bufferSet1 = AllocateBuffers(
         kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
         ((kRestrictedBudgetSize / 2) / kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize), kNonMappableBufferUsage);

     // Check that all the allocated buffers are resident. Also make sure they were directly
     // allocated internally.
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < bufferSet1.size(); i++) {
         EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(bufferSet1[i]));
         EXPECT_TRUE(CheckAllocationMethod(bufferSet1[i], dawn::native::AllocationMethod::kDirect));
     }

     // Create enough directly-allocated buffers to use the entire budget.
     std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> bufferSet2 = AllocateBuffers(
         kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize, kRestrictedBudgetSize / kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
         kNonMappableBufferUsage);

     // Check that everything in bufferSet1 is now evicted.
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < bufferSet1.size(); i++) {
         EXPECT_FALSE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(bufferSet1[i]));
     }

     // Touch one of the non-resident buffers. This should cause the buffer to become resident.
     constexpr uint32_t indexOfBufferInSet1 = 1;
     TouchBuffers(indexOfBufferInSet1, 1, bufferSet1);
     EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(bufferSet1[indexOfBufferInSet1]));

     // Touch everything in bufferSet2 again to evict the buffer made resident in the previous
     // operation.
     TouchBuffers(0, bufferSet2.size(), bufferSet2);
     // Check that indexOfBufferInSet1 was evicted.
     EXPECT_FALSE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(bufferSet1[indexOfBufferInSet1]));
 }

 // Check that calling MapAsync for reading makes the buffer resident and keeps it locked resident.
 TEST_P(D3D12ResourceResidencyTests, AsyncMappedBufferRead) {
     // Create a mappable buffer.
     wgpu::Buffer buffer = CreateBuffer(4, kMapReadBufferUsage);

     uint32_t data = 12345;
     queue.WriteBuffer(buffer, 0, &data, sizeof(uint32_t));

     // The mappable buffer should be resident.
     EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(buffer));

     // Create and touch enough buffers to use the entire budget.
     std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> bufferSet = AllocateBuffers(
         kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize, kRestrictedBudgetSize / kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
         kMapReadBufferUsage);
     TouchBuffers(0, bufferSet.size(), bufferSet);

     // The mappable buffer should have been evicted.
     EXPECT_FALSE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(buffer));

     // Calling MapAsync for reading should make the buffer resident.
     bool done = false;
     buffer.MapAsync(
         wgpu::MapMode::Read, 0, sizeof(uint32_t),
         [](WGPUBufferMapAsyncStatus status, void* userdata) {
             ASSERT_EQ(WGPUBufferMapAsyncStatus_Success, status);
             *static_cast<bool*>(userdata) = true;
         },
         &done);
     EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(buffer));

     while (!done) {
         WaitABit();
     }

     // Touch enough resources such that the entire budget is used. The mappable buffer should remain
     // locked resident.
     TouchBuffers(0, bufferSet.size(), bufferSet);
     EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(buffer));

     // Unmap the buffer, allocate and touch enough resources such that the entire budget is used.
     // This should evict the mappable buffer.
     buffer.Unmap();
     std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> bufferSet2 = AllocateBuffers(
         kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize, kRestrictedBudgetSize / kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
         kMapReadBufferUsage);
     TouchBuffers(0, bufferSet2.size(), bufferSet2);
     EXPECT_FALSE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(buffer));
 }

 // Check that calling MapAsync for writing makes the buffer resident and keeps it locked resident.
 TEST_P(D3D12ResourceResidencyTests, AsyncMappedBufferWrite) {
     // Create a mappable buffer.
     wgpu::Buffer buffer = CreateBuffer(4, kMapWriteBufferUsage);
     // The mappable buffer should be resident.
     EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(buffer));

     // Create and touch enough buffers to use the entire budget.
     std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> bufferSet1 = AllocateBuffers(
         kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize, kRestrictedBudgetSize / kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
         kMapReadBufferUsage);
     TouchBuffers(0, bufferSet1.size(), bufferSet1);

     // The mappable buffer should have been evicted.
     EXPECT_FALSE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(buffer));

     // Calling MapAsync for writing should make the buffer resident.
     bool done = false;
     buffer.MapAsync(
         wgpu::MapMode::Write, 0, sizeof(uint32_t),
         [](WGPUBufferMapAsyncStatus status, void* userdata) {
             ASSERT_EQ(WGPUBufferMapAsyncStatus_Success, status);
             *static_cast<bool*>(userdata) = true;
         },
         &done);
     EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(buffer));

     while (!done) {
         WaitABit();
     }

     // Touch enough resources such that the entire budget is used. The mappable buffer should remain
     // locked resident.
     TouchBuffers(0, bufferSet1.size(), bufferSet1);
     EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(buffer));

     // Unmap the buffer, allocate and touch enough resources such that the entire budget is used.
     // This should evict the mappable buffer.
     buffer.Unmap();
     std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> bufferSet2 = AllocateBuffers(
         kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize, kRestrictedBudgetSize / kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
         kMapReadBufferUsage);
     TouchBuffers(0, bufferSet2.size(), bufferSet2);
     EXPECT_FALSE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(buffer));
 }

 // Check that overcommitting in a single submit works, then make sure the budget is enforced after.
 TEST_P(D3D12ResourceResidencyTests, OvercommitInASingleSubmit) {
     // Create enough buffers to exceed the budget
     constexpr uint32_t numberOfBuffersToOvercommit = 5;
     std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> bufferSet1 = AllocateBuffers(
         kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
         (kRestrictedBudgetSize / kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize) + numberOfBuffersToOvercommit,
         kNonMappableBufferUsage);
     // Touch the buffers, which creates an overcommitted command list.
     TouchBuffers(0, bufferSet1.size(), bufferSet1);
     // Ensure that all of these buffers are resident, even though we're exceeding the budget.
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < bufferSet1.size(); i++) {
         EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(bufferSet1[i]));
     }

     // Allocate another set of buffers that exceeds the budget.
     std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> bufferSet2 = AllocateBuffers(
         kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
         (kRestrictedBudgetSize / kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize) + numberOfBuffersToOvercommit,
         kNonMappableBufferUsage);
     // Ensure the first <numberOfBuffersToOvercommit> buffers in the second buffer set were evicted,
     // since they shouldn't fit in the budget.
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < numberOfBuffersToOvercommit; i++) {
         EXPECT_FALSE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(bufferSet2[i]));
     }
 }

 TEST_P(D3D12ResourceResidencyTests, SetExternalReservation) {
     // Set an external reservation of 20% the budget. We should succesfully reserve the amount we
     // request.
     uint64_t amountReserved = dawn::native::d3d12::SetExternalMemoryReservation(
         device.Get(), kRestrictedBudgetSize * .2, dawn::native::d3d12::MemorySegment::Local);
     EXPECT_EQ(amountReserved, kRestrictedBudgetSize * .2);

     // If we're on a non-UMA device, we should also check the NON_LOCAL memory segment.
     if (!IsUMA()) {
         amountReserved = dawn::native::d3d12::SetExternalMemoryReservation(
             device.Get(), kRestrictedBudgetSize * .2, dawn::native::d3d12::MemorySegment::NonLocal);
         EXPECT_EQ(amountReserved, kRestrictedBudgetSize * .2);
     }
 }

 // Checks that when a descriptor heap is bound, it is locked resident. Also checks that when a
 // previous descriptor heap becomes unbound, it is unlocked, placed in the LRU and can be evicted.
 TEST_P(D3D12DescriptorResidencyTests, SwitchedViewHeapResidency) {
     // TODO(crbug.com/dawn/739):
     // unknown file: error: SEH exception with code 0x87d thrown in the test body.
     DAWN_SUPPRESS_TEST_IF(IsD3D12() && IsWARP() && IsBackendValidationEnabled());

     utils::ComboRenderPipelineDescriptor renderPipelineDescriptor;

     // Fill in a view heap with "view only" bindgroups (1x view per group) by creating a
     // view bindgroup each draw. After HEAP_SIZE + 1 draws, the heaps must switch over.
     renderPipelineDescriptor.vertex.module = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
             @stage(vertex) fn main(
                 @builtin(vertex_index) VertexIndex : u32
             ) -> @builtin(position) vec4<f32> {
                 var pos = array<vec2<f32>, 3>(
                     vec2<f32>(-1.0,  1.0),
                     vec2<f32>( 1.0,  1.0),
                     vec2<f32>(-1.0, -1.0)
                 );
                 return vec4<f32>(pos[VertexIndex], 0.0, 1.0);
             })");

     renderPipelineDescriptor.cFragment.module = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
             struct U {
                 color : vec4<f32>
             }
             @group(0) @binding(0) var<uniform> colorBuffer : U;

             @stage(fragment) fn main() -> @location(0) vec4<f32> {
                 return colorBuffer.color;
             })");

     wgpu::RenderPipeline renderPipeline = device.CreateRenderPipeline(&renderPipelineDescriptor);
     constexpr uint32_t kSize = 512;
     utils::BasicRenderPass renderPass = utils::CreateBasicRenderPass(device, kSize, kSize);

     wgpu::Sampler sampler = device.CreateSampler();

     dawn::native::d3d12::Device* d3dDevice =
         dawn::native::d3d12::ToBackend(dawn::native::FromAPI(device.Get()));

     dawn::native::d3d12::ShaderVisibleDescriptorAllocator* allocator =
         d3dDevice->GetViewShaderVisibleDescriptorAllocator();
     const uint64_t heapSize = allocator->GetShaderVisibleHeapSizeForTesting();

     const dawn::native::d3d12::HeapVersionID heapSerial =
         allocator->GetShaderVisibleHeapSerialForTesting();

     wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
     {
         wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);

         pass.SetPipeline(renderPipeline);

         std::array<float, 4> redColor = {1, 0, 0, 1};
         wgpu::Buffer uniformBuffer = utils::CreateBufferFromData(
             device, &redColor, sizeof(redColor), wgpu::BufferUsage::Uniform);

         for (uint32_t i = 0; i < heapSize + 1; ++i) {
             pass.SetBindGroup(0, utils::MakeBindGroup(device, renderPipeline.GetBindGroupLayout(0),
                                                       {{0, uniformBuffer, 0, sizeof(redColor)}}));
             pass.Draw(3);
         }

         pass.End();
     }

     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);

     // Check the heap serial to ensure the heap has switched.
     EXPECT_EQ(allocator->GetShaderVisibleHeapSerialForTesting(),
               heapSerial + dawn::native::d3d12::HeapVersionID(1));

     // Check that currrently bound ShaderVisibleHeap is locked resident.
     EXPECT_TRUE(allocator->IsShaderVisibleHeapLockedResidentForTesting());
     // Check that the previously bound ShaderVisibleHeap was unlocked and was placed in the LRU
     // cache.
     EXPECT_TRUE(allocator->IsLastShaderVisibleHeapInLRUForTesting());
     // Allocate enough buffers to exceed the budget, which will purge everything from the Residency
     // LRU.
     AllocateBuffers(kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
                     kRestrictedBudgetSize / kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
                     kNonMappableBufferUsage);
     // Check that currrently bound ShaderVisibleHeap remained locked resident.
     EXPECT_TRUE(allocator->IsShaderVisibleHeapLockedResidentForTesting());
     // Check that the previously bound ShaderVisibleHeap has been evicted from the LRU cache.
     EXPECT_FALSE(allocator->IsLastShaderVisibleHeapInLRUForTesting());
 }

 DAWN_INSTANTIATE_TEST(D3D12ResourceResidencyTests, D3D12Backend());
 DAWN_INSTANTIATE_TEST(D3D12DescriptorResidencyTests,
                       D3D12Backend({"use_d3d12_small_shader_visible_heap"}));
	// Copyright 2020 The Dawn Authors
	//
	// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
	// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
	// You may obtain a copy of the License at
	//
	// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
	//
	// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
	// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
	// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
	// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
	// limitations under the License.

	#include "dawn/native/D3D12Backend.h"
	#include "dawn/native/d3d12/BufferD3D12.h"
	#include "dawn/native/d3d12/DeviceD3D12.h"
	#include "dawn/native/d3d12/ResidencyManagerD3D12.h"
	#include "dawn/native/d3d12/ShaderVisibleDescriptorAllocatorD3D12.h"
	#include "dawn/tests/DawnTest.h"
	#include "dawn/utils/ComboRenderPipelineDescriptor.h"
	#include "dawn/utils/WGPUHelpers.h"

	#include <vector>

	constexpr uint32_t kRestrictedBudgetSize = 100000000; // 100MB
	constexpr uint32_t kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize = 5000000; // 5MB
	constexpr uint32_t kSuballocatedResourceSize = 1000000; // 1MB
	constexpr uint32_t kSourceBufferSize = 4; // 4B

	constexpr wgpu::BufferUsage kMapReadBufferUsage =
	wgpu::BufferUsage::CopyDst \| wgpu::BufferUsage::MapRead;
	constexpr wgpu::BufferUsage kMapWriteBufferUsage =
	wgpu::BufferUsage::CopySrc \| wgpu::BufferUsage::MapWrite;
	constexpr wgpu::BufferUsage kNonMappableBufferUsage = wgpu::BufferUsage::CopyDst;

	class D3D12ResidencyTestBase : public DawnTest {
	protected:
	void SetUp() override {
	DawnTest::SetUp();
	DAWN_TEST_UNSUPPORTED_IF(UsesWire());

	// Restrict Dawn's budget to create an artificial budget.
	dawn::native::d3d12::Device* d3dDevice =
	dawn::native::d3d12::ToBackend(dawn::native::FromAPI((device.Get())));
	d3dDevice->GetResidencyManager()->RestrictBudgetForTesting(kRestrictedBudgetSize);

	// Initialize a source buffer on the GPU to serve as a source to quickly copy data to other
	// buffers.
	constexpr uint32_t one = 1;
	mSourceBuffer =
	utils::CreateBufferFromData(device, &one, sizeof(one), wgpu::BufferUsage::CopySrc);
	}

	std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> AllocateBuffers(uint32_t bufferSize,
	uint32_t numberOfBuffers,
	wgpu::BufferUsage usage) {
	std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> buffers;

	for (uint64_t i = 0; i < numberOfBuffers; i++) {
	buffers.push_back(CreateBuffer(bufferSize, usage));
	}

	return buffers;
	}

	wgpu::Buffer CreateBuffer(uint32_t bufferSize, wgpu::BufferUsage usage) {
	wgpu::BufferDescriptor descriptor;

	descriptor.size = bufferSize;
	descriptor.usage = usage;

	return device.CreateBuffer(&descriptor);
	}

	void TouchBuffers(uint32_t beginIndex,
	uint32_t numBuffers,
	const std::vector<wgpu::Buffer>& bufferSet) {
	wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();

	// Perform a copy on the range of buffers to ensure the are moved to dedicated GPU memory.
	for (uint32_t i = beginIndex; i < beginIndex + numBuffers; i++) {
	encoder.CopyBufferToBuffer(mSourceBuffer, 0, bufferSet[i], 0, kSourceBufferSize);
	}
	wgpu::CommandBuffer copy = encoder.Finish();
	queue.Submit(1, &copy);
	}

	wgpu::Buffer mSourceBuffer;
	};

	class D3D12ResourceResidencyTests : public D3D12ResidencyTestBase {
	protected:
	bool CheckAllocationMethod(wgpu::Buffer buffer,
	dawn::native::AllocationMethod allocationMethod) const {
	dawn::native::d3d12::Buffer* d3dBuffer =
	dawn::native::d3d12::ToBackend(dawn::native::FromAPI((buffer.Get())));
	return d3dBuffer->CheckAllocationMethodForTesting(allocationMethod);
	}

	bool CheckIfBufferIsResident(wgpu::Buffer buffer) const {
	dawn::native::d3d12::Buffer* d3dBuffer =
	dawn::native::d3d12::ToBackend(dawn::native::FromAPI((buffer.Get())));
	return d3dBuffer->CheckIsResidentForTesting();
	}

	bool IsUMA() const {
	return dawn::native::d3d12::ToBackend(dawn::native::FromAPI(device.Get()))
	->GetDeviceInfo()
	.isUMA;
	}
	};

	class D3D12DescriptorResidencyTests : public D3D12ResidencyTestBase {};

	// Check that resources existing on suballocated heaps are made resident and evicted correctly.
	TEST_P(D3D12ResourceResidencyTests, OvercommitSmallResources) {
	// TODO(http://crbug.com/dawn/416): Tests fails on Intel HD 630 bot.
	DAWN_SUPPRESS_TEST_IF(IsIntel() && IsBackendValidationEnabled());

	// Create suballocated buffers to fill half the budget.
	std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> bufferSet1 = AllocateBuffers(
	kSuballocatedResourceSize, ((kRestrictedBudgetSize / 2) / kSuballocatedResourceSize),
	kNonMappableBufferUsage);

	// Check that all the buffers allocated are resident. Also make sure they were suballocated
	// internally.
	for (uint32_t i = 0; i < bufferSet1.size(); i++) {
	EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(bufferSet1[i]));
	EXPECT_TRUE(
	CheckAllocationMethod(bufferSet1[i], dawn::native::AllocationMethod::kSubAllocated));
	}

	// Create enough directly-allocated buffers to use the entire budget.
	std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> bufferSet2 = AllocateBuffers(
	kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize, kRestrictedBudgetSize / kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
	kNonMappableBufferUsage);

	// Check that everything in bufferSet1 is now evicted.
	for (uint32_t i = 0; i < bufferSet1.size(); i++) {
	EXPECT_FALSE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(bufferSet1[i]));
	}

	// Touch one of the non-resident buffers. This should cause the buffer to become resident.
	constexpr uint32_t indexOfBufferInSet1 = 5;
	TouchBuffers(indexOfBufferInSet1, 1, bufferSet1);
	// Check that this buffer is now resident.
	EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(bufferSet1[indexOfBufferInSet1]));

	// Touch everything in bufferSet2 again to evict the buffer made resident in the previous
	// operation.
	TouchBuffers(0, bufferSet2.size(), bufferSet2);
	// Check that indexOfBufferInSet1 was evicted.
	EXPECT_FALSE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(bufferSet1[indexOfBufferInSet1]));
	}

	// Check that resources existing on directly allocated heaps are made resident and evicted
	// correctly.
	TEST_P(D3D12ResourceResidencyTests, OvercommitLargeResources) {
	// Create directly-allocated buffers to fill half the budget.
	std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> bufferSet1 = AllocateBuffers(
	kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
	((kRestrictedBudgetSize / 2) / kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize), kNonMappableBufferUsage);

	// Check that all the allocated buffers are resident. Also make sure they were directly
	// allocated internally.
	for (uint32_t i = 0; i < bufferSet1.size(); i++) {
	EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(bufferSet1[i]));
	EXPECT_TRUE(CheckAllocationMethod(bufferSet1[i], dawn::native::AllocationMethod::kDirect));
	}

	// Create enough directly-allocated buffers to use the entire budget.
	std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> bufferSet2 = AllocateBuffers(
	kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize, kRestrictedBudgetSize / kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
	kNonMappableBufferUsage);

	// Check that everything in bufferSet1 is now evicted.
	for (uint32_t i = 0; i < bufferSet1.size(); i++) {
	EXPECT_FALSE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(bufferSet1[i]));
	}

	// Touch one of the non-resident buffers. This should cause the buffer to become resident.
	constexpr uint32_t indexOfBufferInSet1 = 1;
	TouchBuffers(indexOfBufferInSet1, 1, bufferSet1);
	EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(bufferSet1[indexOfBufferInSet1]));

	// Touch everything in bufferSet2 again to evict the buffer made resident in the previous
	// operation.
	TouchBuffers(0, bufferSet2.size(), bufferSet2);
	// Check that indexOfBufferInSet1 was evicted.
	EXPECT_FALSE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(bufferSet1[indexOfBufferInSet1]));
	}

	// Check that calling MapAsync for reading makes the buffer resident and keeps it locked resident.
	TEST_P(D3D12ResourceResidencyTests, AsyncMappedBufferRead) {
	// Create a mappable buffer.
	wgpu::Buffer buffer = CreateBuffer(4, kMapReadBufferUsage);

	uint32_t data = 12345;
	queue.WriteBuffer(buffer, 0, &data, sizeof(uint32_t));

	// The mappable buffer should be resident.
	EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(buffer));

	// Create and touch enough buffers to use the entire budget.
	std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> bufferSet = AllocateBuffers(
	kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize, kRestrictedBudgetSize / kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
	kMapReadBufferUsage);
	TouchBuffers(0, bufferSet.size(), bufferSet);

	// The mappable buffer should have been evicted.
	EXPECT_FALSE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(buffer));

	// Calling MapAsync for reading should make the buffer resident.
	bool done = false;
	buffer.MapAsync(
	wgpu::MapMode::Read, 0, sizeof(uint32_t),
	[](WGPUBufferMapAsyncStatus status, void* userdata) {
	ASSERT_EQ(WGPUBufferMapAsyncStatus_Success, status);
	static_cast<bool>(userdata) = true;
	},
	&done);
	EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(buffer));

	while (!done) {
	WaitABit();
	}

	// Touch enough resources such that the entire budget is used. The mappable buffer should remain
	// locked resident.
	TouchBuffers(0, bufferSet.size(), bufferSet);
	EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(buffer));

	// Unmap the buffer, allocate and touch enough resources such that the entire budget is used.
	// This should evict the mappable buffer.
	buffer.Unmap();
	std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> bufferSet2 = AllocateBuffers(
	kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize, kRestrictedBudgetSize / kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
	kMapReadBufferUsage);
	TouchBuffers(0, bufferSet2.size(), bufferSet2);
	EXPECT_FALSE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(buffer));
	}

	// Check that calling MapAsync for writing makes the buffer resident and keeps it locked resident.
	TEST_P(D3D12ResourceResidencyTests, AsyncMappedBufferWrite) {
	// Create a mappable buffer.
	wgpu::Buffer buffer = CreateBuffer(4, kMapWriteBufferUsage);
	// The mappable buffer should be resident.
	EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(buffer));

	// Create and touch enough buffers to use the entire budget.
	std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> bufferSet1 = AllocateBuffers(
	kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize, kRestrictedBudgetSize / kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
	kMapReadBufferUsage);
	TouchBuffers(0, bufferSet1.size(), bufferSet1);

	// The mappable buffer should have been evicted.
	EXPECT_FALSE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(buffer));

	// Calling MapAsync for writing should make the buffer resident.
	bool done = false;
	buffer.MapAsync(
	wgpu::MapMode::Write, 0, sizeof(uint32_t),
	[](WGPUBufferMapAsyncStatus status, void* userdata) {
	ASSERT_EQ(WGPUBufferMapAsyncStatus_Success, status);
	static_cast<bool>(userdata) = true;
	},
	&done);
	EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(buffer));

	while (!done) {
	WaitABit();
	}

	// Touch enough resources such that the entire budget is used. The mappable buffer should remain
	// locked resident.
	TouchBuffers(0, bufferSet1.size(), bufferSet1);
	EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(buffer));

	// Unmap the buffer, allocate and touch enough resources such that the entire budget is used.
	// This should evict the mappable buffer.
	buffer.Unmap();
	std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> bufferSet2 = AllocateBuffers(
	kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize, kRestrictedBudgetSize / kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
	kMapReadBufferUsage);
	TouchBuffers(0, bufferSet2.size(), bufferSet2);
	EXPECT_FALSE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(buffer));
	}

	// Check that overcommitting in a single submit works, then make sure the budget is enforced after.
	TEST_P(D3D12ResourceResidencyTests, OvercommitInASingleSubmit) {
	// Create enough buffers to exceed the budget
	constexpr uint32_t numberOfBuffersToOvercommit = 5;
	std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> bufferSet1 = AllocateBuffers(
	kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
	(kRestrictedBudgetSize / kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize) + numberOfBuffersToOvercommit,
	kNonMappableBufferUsage);
	// Touch the buffers, which creates an overcommitted command list.
	TouchBuffers(0, bufferSet1.size(), bufferSet1);
	// Ensure that all of these buffers are resident, even though we're exceeding the budget.
	for (uint32_t i = 0; i < bufferSet1.size(); i++) {
	EXPECT_TRUE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(bufferSet1[i]));
	}

	// Allocate another set of buffers that exceeds the budget.
	std::vector<wgpu::Buffer> bufferSet2 = AllocateBuffers(
	kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
	(kRestrictedBudgetSize / kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize) + numberOfBuffersToOvercommit,
	kNonMappableBufferUsage);
	// Ensure the first <numberOfBuffersToOvercommit> buffers in the second buffer set were evicted,
	// since they shouldn't fit in the budget.
	for (uint32_t i = 0; i < numberOfBuffersToOvercommit; i++) {
	EXPECT_FALSE(CheckIfBufferIsResident(bufferSet2[i]));
	}
	}

	TEST_P(D3D12ResourceResidencyTests, SetExternalReservation) {
	// Set an external reservation of 20% the budget. We should succesfully reserve the amount we
	// request.
	uint64_t amountReserved = dawn::native::d3d12::SetExternalMemoryReservation(
	device.Get(), kRestrictedBudgetSize * .2, dawn::native::d3d12::MemorySegment::Local);
	EXPECT_EQ(amountReserved, kRestrictedBudgetSize * .2);

	// If we're on a non-UMA device, we should also check the NON_LOCAL memory segment.
	if (!IsUMA()) {
	amountReserved = dawn::native::d3d12::SetExternalMemoryReservation(
	device.Get(), kRestrictedBudgetSize * .2, dawn::native::d3d12::MemorySegment::NonLocal);
	EXPECT_EQ(amountReserved, kRestrictedBudgetSize * .2);
	}
	}

	// Checks that when a descriptor heap is bound, it is locked resident. Also checks that when a
	// previous descriptor heap becomes unbound, it is unlocked, placed in the LRU and can be evicted.
	TEST_P(D3D12DescriptorResidencyTests, SwitchedViewHeapResidency) {
	// TODO(crbug.com/dawn/739):
	// unknown file: error: SEH exception with code 0x87d thrown in the test body.
	DAWN_SUPPRESS_TEST_IF(IsD3D12() && IsWARP() && IsBackendValidationEnabled());

	utils::ComboRenderPipelineDescriptor renderPipelineDescriptor;

	// Fill in a view heap with "view only" bindgroups (1x view per group) by creating a
	// view bindgroup each draw. After HEAP_SIZE + 1 draws, the heaps must switch over.
	renderPipelineDescriptor.vertex.module = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
	@stage(vertex) fn main(
	@builtin(vertex_index) VertexIndex : u32
	) -> @builtin(position) vec4<f32> {
	var pos = array<vec2<f32>, 3>(
	vec2<f32>(-1.0, 1.0),
	vec2<f32>( 1.0, 1.0),
	vec2<f32>(-1.0, -1.0)
	);
	return vec4<f32>(pos[VertexIndex], 0.0, 1.0);
	})");

	renderPipelineDescriptor.cFragment.module = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
	struct U {
	color : vec4<f32>
	}
	@group(0) @binding(0) var<uniform> colorBuffer : U;

	@stage(fragment) fn main() -> @location(0) vec4<f32> {
	return colorBuffer.color;
	})");

	wgpu::RenderPipeline renderPipeline = device.CreateRenderPipeline(&renderPipelineDescriptor);
	constexpr uint32_t kSize = 512;
	utils::BasicRenderPass renderPass = utils::CreateBasicRenderPass(device, kSize, kSize);

	wgpu::Sampler sampler = device.CreateSampler();

	dawn::native::d3d12::Device* d3dDevice =
	dawn::native::d3d12::ToBackend(dawn::native::FromAPI(device.Get()));

	dawn::native::d3d12::ShaderVisibleDescriptorAllocator* allocator =
	d3dDevice->GetViewShaderVisibleDescriptorAllocator();
	const uint64_t heapSize = allocator->GetShaderVisibleHeapSizeForTesting();

	const dawn::native::d3d12::HeapVersionID heapSerial =
	allocator->GetShaderVisibleHeapSerialForTesting();

	wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
	{
	wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);

	pass.SetPipeline(renderPipeline);

	std::array<float, 4> redColor = {1, 0, 0, 1};
	wgpu::Buffer uniformBuffer = utils::CreateBufferFromData(
	device, &redColor, sizeof(redColor), wgpu::BufferUsage::Uniform);

	for (uint32_t i = 0; i < heapSize + 1; ++i) {
	pass.SetBindGroup(0, utils::MakeBindGroup(device, renderPipeline.GetBindGroupLayout(0),
	{{0, uniformBuffer, 0, sizeof(redColor)}}));
	pass.Draw(3);
	}

	pass.End();
	}

	wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
	queue.Submit(1, &commands);

	// Check the heap serial to ensure the heap has switched.
	EXPECT_EQ(allocator->GetShaderVisibleHeapSerialForTesting(),
	heapSerial + dawn::native::d3d12::HeapVersionID(1));

	// Check that currrently bound ShaderVisibleHeap is locked resident.
	EXPECT_TRUE(allocator->IsShaderVisibleHeapLockedResidentForTesting());
	// Check that the previously bound ShaderVisibleHeap was unlocked and was placed in the LRU
	// cache.
	EXPECT_TRUE(allocator->IsLastShaderVisibleHeapInLRUForTesting());
	// Allocate enough buffers to exceed the budget, which will purge everything from the Residency
	// LRU.
	AllocateBuffers(kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
	kRestrictedBudgetSize / kDirectlyAllocatedResourceSize,
	kNonMappableBufferUsage);
	// Check that currrently bound ShaderVisibleHeap remained locked resident.
	EXPECT_TRUE(allocator->IsShaderVisibleHeapLockedResidentForTesting());
	// Check that the previously bound ShaderVisibleHeap has been evicted from the LRU cache.
	EXPECT_FALSE(allocator->IsLastShaderVisibleHeapInLRUForTesting());
	}

	DAWN_INSTANTIATE_TEST(D3D12ResourceResidencyTests, D3D12Backend());
	DAWN_INSTANTIATE_TEST(D3D12DescriptorResidencyTests,
	D3D12Backend({"use_d3d12_small_shader_visible_heap"}));