diff --git a/src/CMakeLists.txt b/src/CMakeLists.txt
index b5c4477..da3f67d 100644
--- a/src/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -72,6 +72,8 @@
   ast/call_statement.h
   ast/case_statement.cc
   ast/case_statement.h
+  ast/clone_context.cc
+  ast/clone_context.h
   ast/constant_id_decoration.cc
   ast/constant_id_decoration.h
   ast/constructor_expression.cc
@@ -381,6 +383,7 @@
   ast/loop_statement_test.cc
   ast/member_accessor_expression_test.cc
   ast/module_test.cc
+  ast/module_clone_test.cc
   ast/null_literal_test.cc
   ast/binary_expression_test.cc
   ast/return_statement_test.cc
diff --git a/src/ast/access_decoration.cc b/src/ast/access_decoration.cc
index f77d78c..45c8760 100644
--- a/src/ast/access_decoration.cc
+++ b/src/ast/access_decoration.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/access_decoration.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -27,5 +30,9 @@
   out << "AccessDecoration{" << value_ << "}" << std::endl;
 }
 
+AccessDecoration* AccessDecoration::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<AccessDecoration>(value_, ctx->Clone(source()));
+}
+
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/access_decoration.h b/src/ast/access_decoration.h
index 8e45062..07d437e 100644
--- a/src/ast/access_decoration.h
+++ b/src/ast/access_decoration.h
@@ -40,6 +40,14 @@
   /// @param indent number of spaces to indent the node when writing
   void to_str(std::ostream& out, size_t indent) const override;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  AccessDecoration* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   AccessControl value_ = ast::AccessControl::kReadWrite;
 };
diff --git a/src/ast/array_accessor_expression.cc b/src/ast/array_accessor_expression.cc
index ded7716..75f3bf5 100644
--- a/src/ast/array_accessor_expression.cc
+++ b/src/ast/array_accessor_expression.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/array_accessor_expression.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -33,6 +36,12 @@
 
 ArrayAccessorExpression::~ArrayAccessorExpression() = default;
 
+ArrayAccessorExpression* ArrayAccessorExpression::Clone(
+    CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<ArrayAccessorExpression>(ctx->Clone(array_),
+                                                   ctx->Clone(idx_expr_));
+}
+
 bool ArrayAccessorExpression::IsValid() const {
   if (array_ == nullptr || !array_->IsValid())
     return false;
diff --git a/src/ast/array_accessor_expression.h b/src/ast/array_accessor_expression.h
index 0f18d5e..9cc98f7 100644
--- a/src/ast/array_accessor_expression.h
+++ b/src/ast/array_accessor_expression.h
@@ -57,6 +57,14 @@
   /// @returns the index expression
   Expression* idx_expr() const { return idx_expr_; }
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  ArrayAccessorExpression* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/assignment_statement.cc b/src/ast/assignment_statement.cc
index 3fe9a8b..fe72839 100644
--- a/src/ast/assignment_statement.cc
+++ b/src/ast/assignment_statement.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/assignment_statement.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -31,6 +34,11 @@
 
 AssignmentStatement::~AssignmentStatement() = default;
 
+AssignmentStatement* AssignmentStatement::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<AssignmentStatement>(
+      ctx->Clone(source()), ctx->Clone(lhs_), ctx->Clone(rhs_));
+}
+
 bool AssignmentStatement::IsValid() const {
   if (lhs_ == nullptr || !lhs_->IsValid())
     return false;
diff --git a/src/ast/assignment_statement.h b/src/ast/assignment_statement.h
index 08c972e..2b61bd8 100644
--- a/src/ast/assignment_statement.h
+++ b/src/ast/assignment_statement.h
@@ -55,6 +55,14 @@
   /// @returns the right side expression
   Expression* rhs() const { return rhs_; }
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  AssignmentStatement* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/binary_expression.cc b/src/ast/binary_expression.cc
index c14f538..e6f3555 100644
--- a/src/ast/binary_expression.cc
+++ b/src/ast/binary_expression.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/binary_expression.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -34,6 +37,11 @@
 
 BinaryExpression::~BinaryExpression() = default;
 
+BinaryExpression* BinaryExpression::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<BinaryExpression>(ctx->Clone(source()), op_,
+                                            ctx->Clone(lhs_), ctx->Clone(rhs_));
+}
+
 bool BinaryExpression::IsValid() const {
   if (lhs_ == nullptr || !lhs_->IsValid()) {
     return false;
diff --git a/src/ast/binary_expression.h b/src/ast/binary_expression.h
index 1431f18..783954f 100644
--- a/src/ast/binary_expression.h
+++ b/src/ast/binary_expression.h
@@ -125,6 +125,14 @@
   /// @returns the right side expression
   Expression* rhs() const { return rhs_; }
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  BinaryExpression* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/binding_decoration.cc b/src/ast/binding_decoration.cc
index 34e6023..bb64cc1 100644
--- a/src/ast/binding_decoration.cc
+++ b/src/ast/binding_decoration.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/binding_decoration.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -27,5 +30,9 @@
   out << "BindingDecoration{" << value_ << "}" << std::endl;
 }
 
+BindingDecoration* BindingDecoration::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<BindingDecoration>(value_, ctx->Clone(source()));
+}
+
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/binding_decoration.h b/src/ast/binding_decoration.h
index ec2e756..0299ddc 100644
--- a/src/ast/binding_decoration.h
+++ b/src/ast/binding_decoration.h
@@ -40,6 +40,14 @@
   /// @param indent number of spaces to indent the node when writing
   void to_str(std::ostream& out, size_t indent) const override;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  BindingDecoration* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   uint32_t value_;
 };
diff --git a/src/ast/bitcast_expression.cc b/src/ast/bitcast_expression.cc
index 4ebfc53..8d30b6a 100644
--- a/src/ast/bitcast_expression.cc
+++ b/src/ast/bitcast_expression.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/bitcast_expression.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -30,6 +33,11 @@
 BitcastExpression::BitcastExpression(BitcastExpression&&) = default;
 BitcastExpression::~BitcastExpression() = default;
 
+BitcastExpression* BitcastExpression::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<BitcastExpression>(
+      ctx->Clone(source()), ctx->Clone(type_), ctx->Clone(expr_));
+}
+
 bool BitcastExpression::IsValid() const {
   if (expr_ == nullptr || !expr_->IsValid())
     return false;
diff --git a/src/ast/bitcast_expression.h b/src/ast/bitcast_expression.h
index a898036..f736071 100644
--- a/src/ast/bitcast_expression.h
+++ b/src/ast/bitcast_expression.h
@@ -55,6 +55,14 @@
   /// @returns the expression
   Expression* expr() const { return expr_; }
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  BitcastExpression* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/block_statement.cc b/src/ast/block_statement.cc
index 7ab8d9b..ee636a6 100644
--- a/src/ast/block_statement.cc
+++ b/src/ast/block_statement.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/block_statement.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -25,6 +28,12 @@
 
 BlockStatement::~BlockStatement() = default;
 
+BlockStatement* BlockStatement::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  auto* cloned = ctx->mod->create<BlockStatement>(ctx->Clone(source()));
+  cloned->statements_ = ctx->Clone(statements_);
+  return cloned;
+}
+
 bool BlockStatement::IsValid() const {
   for (auto* stmt : *this) {
     if (stmt == nullptr || !stmt->IsValid()) {
diff --git a/src/ast/block_statement.h b/src/ast/block_statement.h
index f5803c3..4490606 100644
--- a/src/ast/block_statement.h
+++ b/src/ast/block_statement.h
@@ -85,6 +85,14 @@
     return statements_.end();
   }
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  BlockStatement* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/bool_literal.cc b/src/ast/bool_literal.cc
index 7f909a6..3e481d5 100644
--- a/src/ast/bool_literal.cc
+++ b/src/ast/bool_literal.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/bool_literal.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -30,5 +33,9 @@
   return value_ ? "__bool_true" : "__bool_false";
 }
 
+BoolLiteral* BoolLiteral::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<BoolLiteral>(ctx->Clone(type()), value_);
+}
+
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/bool_literal.h b/src/ast/bool_literal.h
index 4b5acf3..c95ca82 100644
--- a/src/ast/bool_literal.h
+++ b/src/ast/bool_literal.h
@@ -42,6 +42,14 @@
   /// @returns the literal as a string
   std::string to_str() const override;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  BoolLiteral* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   bool value_;
 };
diff --git a/src/ast/break_statement.cc b/src/ast/break_statement.cc
index 1894ba4..cbccb00 100644
--- a/src/ast/break_statement.cc
+++ b/src/ast/break_statement.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/break_statement.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -25,6 +28,10 @@
 
 BreakStatement::~BreakStatement() = default;
 
+BreakStatement* BreakStatement::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<BreakStatement>(ctx->Clone(source()));
+}
+
 bool BreakStatement::IsValid() const {
   return true;
 }
diff --git a/src/ast/break_statement.h b/src/ast/break_statement.h
index 2a72c03..83d902e 100644
--- a/src/ast/break_statement.h
+++ b/src/ast/break_statement.h
@@ -32,6 +32,14 @@
   BreakStatement(BreakStatement&&);
   ~BreakStatement() override;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  BreakStatement* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/builtin_decoration.cc b/src/ast/builtin_decoration.cc
index 856fc9a..4070be8 100644
--- a/src/ast/builtin_decoration.cc
+++ b/src/ast/builtin_decoration.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/builtin_decoration.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -27,5 +30,9 @@
   out << "BuiltinDecoration{" << builtin_ << "}" << std::endl;
 }
 
+BuiltinDecoration* BuiltinDecoration::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<BuiltinDecoration>(builtin_, ctx->Clone(source()));
+}
+
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/builtin_decoration.h b/src/ast/builtin_decoration.h
index 9f4636d..c907f69 100644
--- a/src/ast/builtin_decoration.h
+++ b/src/ast/builtin_decoration.h
@@ -39,6 +39,14 @@
   /// @param indent number of spaces to indent the node when writing
   void to_str(std::ostream& out, size_t indent) const override;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  BuiltinDecoration* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   Builtin builtin_ = Builtin::kNone;
 };
diff --git a/src/ast/call_expression.cc b/src/ast/call_expression.cc
index c17a146..fdee36e 100644
--- a/src/ast/call_expression.cc
+++ b/src/ast/call_expression.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/call_expression.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -31,6 +34,11 @@
 
 CallExpression::~CallExpression() = default;
 
+CallExpression* CallExpression::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<CallExpression>(
+      ctx->Clone(source()), ctx->Clone(func_), ctx->Clone(params_));
+}
+
 bool CallExpression::IsValid() const {
   if (func_ == nullptr || !func_->IsValid())
     return false;
diff --git a/src/ast/call_expression.h b/src/ast/call_expression.h
index 0e27008..3c12822 100644
--- a/src/ast/call_expression.h
+++ b/src/ast/call_expression.h
@@ -54,6 +54,14 @@
   /// @returns the parameters
   const ExpressionList& params() const { return params_; }
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  CallExpression* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/call_statement.cc b/src/ast/call_statement.cc
index c37c99a..9158fbb 100644
--- a/src/ast/call_statement.cc
+++ b/src/ast/call_statement.cc
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
 #include "src/ast/call_statement.h"
 
 #include "src/ast/call_expression.h"
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
 
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
@@ -27,6 +29,10 @@
 
 CallStatement::~CallStatement() = default;
 
+CallStatement* CallStatement::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<CallStatement>(ctx->Clone(call_));
+}
+
 bool CallStatement::IsValid() const {
   return call_ != nullptr && call_->IsValid();
 }
diff --git a/src/ast/call_statement.h b/src/ast/call_statement.h
index 1657388..026e61f 100644
--- a/src/ast/call_statement.h
+++ b/src/ast/call_statement.h
@@ -42,6 +42,14 @@
   /// @returns the call expression
   CallExpression* expr() const { return call_; }
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  CallStatement* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/case_statement.cc b/src/ast/case_statement.cc
index 2d50185..35227a8 100644
--- a/src/ast/case_statement.cc
+++ b/src/ast/case_statement.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/case_statement.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -31,6 +34,11 @@
 
 CaseStatement::~CaseStatement() = default;
 
+CaseStatement* CaseStatement::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<CaseStatement>(
+      ctx->Clone(source()), ctx->Clone(selectors_), ctx->Clone(body_));
+}
+
 bool CaseStatement::IsValid() const {
   return body_ != nullptr && body_->IsValid();
 }
diff --git a/src/ast/case_statement.h b/src/ast/case_statement.h
index ef39af0..9ed2deb 100644
--- a/src/ast/case_statement.h
+++ b/src/ast/case_statement.h
@@ -70,6 +70,14 @@
   /// @returns the case body
   BlockStatement* body() { return body_; }
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  CaseStatement* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/clone_context.cc b/src/ast/clone_context.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9ec4bfe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ast/clone_context.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// Copyright 2020 The Tint Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+
+namespace tint {
+namespace ast {
+
+CloneContext::CloneContext(Module* m) : mod(m) {}
+CloneContext::~CloneContext() = default;
+
+}  // namespace ast
+}  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/clone_context.h b/src/ast/clone_context.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..deb3181
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ast/clone_context.h
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+// Copyright 2020 The Tint Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#ifndef SRC_AST_CLONE_CONTEXT_H_
+#define SRC_AST_CLONE_CONTEXT_H_
+
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "src/source.h"
+
+namespace tint {
+namespace ast {
+
+class Module;
+
+/// CloneContext holds the state used while cloning AST nodes and types.
+class CloneContext {
+ public:
+  /// Constructor
+  /// @param m the target module to clone into
+  explicit CloneContext(Module* m);
+  /// Destructor
+  ~CloneContext();
+
+  /// Clones the `Node` or `type::Type` @p a into the module #mod if @p a is not
+  /// null. If @p a is null, then Clone() returns null. If @p a has been cloned
+  /// already by this CloneContext then the same cloned pointer is returned.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param a the `Node` or `type::Type` to clone
+  /// @return the cloned node
+  template <typename T>
+  T* Clone(T* a) {
+    if (a == nullptr) {
+      return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    auto it = cloned_.find(a);
+    if (it != cloned_.end()) {
+      return static_cast<T*>(it->second);
+    }
+    auto* c = a->Clone(this);
+    cloned_.emplace(a, c);
+    return static_cast<T*>(c);
+  }
+
+  /// Clones the `Source` @p s into @p mod
+  /// TODO(bclayton) - Currently this 'clone' is a shallow copy. If/when
+  /// `Source.File`s are owned by the `Module` this should make a copy of the
+  /// file.
+  /// @param s the `Source` to clone
+  /// @return the cloned source
+  Source Clone(const Source& s) { return s; }
+
+  /// Clones each of the elements of the vector @p v into the module #mod.
+  /// @param v the vector to clone
+  /// @return the cloned vector
+  template <typename T>
+  std::vector<T> Clone(const std::vector<T>& v) {
+    std::vector<T> out;
+    out.reserve(v.size());
+    for (auto& el : v) {
+      out.emplace_back(Clone(el));
+    }
+    return out;
+  }
+
+  /// The target module to clone into.
+  Module* const mod;
+
+ private:
+  std::unordered_map<void*, void*> cloned_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace ast
+}  // namespace tint
+
+#endif  // SRC_AST_CLONE_CONTEXT_H_
diff --git a/src/ast/constant_id_decoration.cc b/src/ast/constant_id_decoration.cc
index 6b10150..f6de69c 100644
--- a/src/ast/constant_id_decoration.cc
+++ b/src/ast/constant_id_decoration.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/constant_id_decoration.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -27,5 +30,9 @@
   out << "ConstantIdDecoration{" << value_ << "}" << std::endl;
 }
 
+ConstantIdDecoration* ConstantIdDecoration::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<ConstantIdDecoration>(value_, ctx->Clone(source()));
+}
+
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/constant_id_decoration.h b/src/ast/constant_id_decoration.h
index d7a0256..d683e2a 100644
--- a/src/ast/constant_id_decoration.h
+++ b/src/ast/constant_id_decoration.h
@@ -39,6 +39,14 @@
   /// @param indent number of spaces to indent the node when writing
   void to_str(std::ostream& out, size_t indent) const override;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  ConstantIdDecoration* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   uint32_t value_ = 0;
 };
diff --git a/src/ast/continue_statement.cc b/src/ast/continue_statement.cc
index 1f9da2a..0e5d825 100644
--- a/src/ast/continue_statement.cc
+++ b/src/ast/continue_statement.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/continue_statement.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -25,6 +28,10 @@
 
 ContinueStatement::~ContinueStatement() = default;
 
+ContinueStatement* ContinueStatement::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<ContinueStatement>(ctx->Clone(source()));
+}
+
 bool ContinueStatement::IsValid() const {
   return true;
 }
diff --git a/src/ast/continue_statement.h b/src/ast/continue_statement.h
index b2a01f9..e68f9e6 100644
--- a/src/ast/continue_statement.h
+++ b/src/ast/continue_statement.h
@@ -35,6 +35,14 @@
   ContinueStatement(ContinueStatement&&);
   ~ContinueStatement() override;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  ContinueStatement* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/decorated_variable.cc b/src/ast/decorated_variable.cc
index 4472692..63ddbbb 100644
--- a/src/ast/decorated_variable.cc
+++ b/src/ast/decorated_variable.cc
@@ -17,8 +17,10 @@
 #include <cassert>
 
 #include "src/ast/builtin_decoration.h"
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
 #include "src/ast/constant_id_decoration.h"
 #include "src/ast/location_decoration.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
 
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
@@ -69,6 +71,18 @@
   return 0;
 }
 
+DecoratedVariable* DecoratedVariable::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  auto* cloned = ctx->mod->create<DecoratedVariable>();
+  cloned->set_source(ctx->Clone(source()));
+  cloned->set_name(name());
+  cloned->set_storage_class(storage_class());
+  cloned->set_type(ctx->Clone(type()));
+  cloned->set_constructor(ctx->Clone(constructor()));
+  cloned->set_is_const(is_const());
+  cloned->set_decorations(ctx->Clone(decorations()));
+  return cloned;
+}
+
 bool DecoratedVariable::IsValid() const {
   return Variable::IsValid();
 }
diff --git a/src/ast/decorated_variable.h b/src/ast/decorated_variable.h
index b0067b5..b78abbc 100644
--- a/src/ast/decorated_variable.h
+++ b/src/ast/decorated_variable.h
@@ -56,6 +56,14 @@
   /// |HasConstantIdDecoration| has been called first.
   uint32_t constant_id() const;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  DecoratedVariable* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the name and path are both present
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/discard_statement.cc b/src/ast/discard_statement.cc
index b70856b..7db671d 100644
--- a/src/ast/discard_statement.cc
+++ b/src/ast/discard_statement.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/discard_statement.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -25,6 +28,10 @@
 
 DiscardStatement::~DiscardStatement() = default;
 
+DiscardStatement* DiscardStatement::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<DiscardStatement>(ctx->Clone(source()));
+}
+
 bool DiscardStatement::IsValid() const {
   return true;
 }
diff --git a/src/ast/discard_statement.h b/src/ast/discard_statement.h
index ba7b398..c5afd77 100644
--- a/src/ast/discard_statement.h
+++ b/src/ast/discard_statement.h
@@ -32,6 +32,14 @@
   DiscardStatement(DiscardStatement&&);
   ~DiscardStatement() override;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  DiscardStatement* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/else_statement.cc b/src/ast/else_statement.cc
index 937755b..21d804b 100644
--- a/src/ast/else_statement.cc
+++ b/src/ast/else_statement.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/else_statement.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -34,6 +37,11 @@
 
 ElseStatement::~ElseStatement() = default;
 
+ElseStatement* ElseStatement::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<ElseStatement>(
+      ctx->Clone(source()), ctx->Clone(condition_), ctx->Clone(body_));
+}
+
 bool ElseStatement::IsValid() const {
   if (body_ == nullptr || !body_->IsValid()) {
     return false;
diff --git a/src/ast/else_statement.h b/src/ast/else_statement.h
index 60a675a..01be9a8 100644
--- a/src/ast/else_statement.h
+++ b/src/ast/else_statement.h
@@ -67,6 +67,14 @@
   /// @returns the else body
   BlockStatement* body() { return body_; }
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  ElseStatement* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/expression_test.cc b/src/ast/expression_test.cc
index 62538e8..01c177d 100644
--- a/src/ast/expression_test.cc
+++ b/src/ast/expression_test.cc
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
  public:
   Expr() : Expression() {}
 
+  Expr* Clone(CloneContext*) const override { return nullptr; }
   bool IsValid() const override { return true; }
   void to_str(std::ostream&, size_t) const override {}
 };
diff --git a/src/ast/fallthrough_statement.cc b/src/ast/fallthrough_statement.cc
index cd5f00d..f193a8d 100644
--- a/src/ast/fallthrough_statement.cc
+++ b/src/ast/fallthrough_statement.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/fallthrough_statement.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -26,6 +29,10 @@
 
 FallthroughStatement::~FallthroughStatement() = default;
 
+FallthroughStatement* FallthroughStatement::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<FallthroughStatement>(ctx->Clone(source()));
+}
+
 bool FallthroughStatement::IsValid() const {
   return true;
 }
diff --git a/src/ast/fallthrough_statement.h b/src/ast/fallthrough_statement.h
index 5b0bc81..5f652bd 100644
--- a/src/ast/fallthrough_statement.h
+++ b/src/ast/fallthrough_statement.h
@@ -32,6 +32,14 @@
   FallthroughStatement(FallthroughStatement&&);
   ~FallthroughStatement() override;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  FallthroughStatement* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/float_literal.cc b/src/ast/float_literal.cc
index c781afa..6d182ba 100644
--- a/src/ast/float_literal.cc
+++ b/src/ast/float_literal.cc
@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@
 #include <limits>
 #include <sstream>
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -37,5 +40,9 @@
   return out.str();
 }
 
+FloatLiteral* FloatLiteral::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<FloatLiteral>(ctx->Clone(type()), value_);
+}
+
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/float_literal.h b/src/ast/float_literal.h
index f474c67..9e55e47 100644
--- a/src/ast/float_literal.h
+++ b/src/ast/float_literal.h
@@ -40,6 +40,14 @@
   /// @returns the literal as a string
   std::string to_str() const override;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  FloatLiteral* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   float value_;
 };
diff --git a/src/ast/function.cc b/src/ast/function.cc
index 6c9f5d4..e3c5ca2 100644
--- a/src/ast/function.cc
+++ b/src/ast/function.cc
@@ -16,7 +16,9 @@
 
 #include <sstream>
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
 #include "src/ast/decorated_variable.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
 #include "src/ast/stage_decoration.h"
 #include "src/ast/type/multisampled_texture_type.h"
 #include "src/ast/type/sampled_texture_type.h"
@@ -213,6 +215,14 @@
   return body_->last();
 }
 
+Function* Function::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  auto* cloned = ctx->mod->create<Function>(
+      ctx->Clone(source()), name_, ctx->Clone(params_),
+      ctx->Clone(return_type_), ctx->Clone(body_));
+  cloned->set_decorations(ctx->Clone(decorations_));
+  return cloned;
+}
+
 bool Function::IsValid() const {
   for (auto* param : params_) {
     if (param == nullptr || !param->IsValid())
diff --git a/src/ast/function.h b/src/ast/function.h
index f539224..a7afe1e 100644
--- a/src/ast/function.h
+++ b/src/ast/function.h
@@ -190,6 +190,14 @@
   /// @returns the function body
   BlockStatement* body() { return body_; }
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  Function* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the name and type are both present
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/identifier_expression.cc b/src/ast/identifier_expression.cc
index cf30ddc..6952d31 100644
--- a/src/ast/identifier_expression.cc
+++ b/src/ast/identifier_expression.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/identifier_expression.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -28,6 +31,10 @@
 
 IdentifierExpression::~IdentifierExpression() = default;
 
+IdentifierExpression* IdentifierExpression::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<IdentifierExpression>(ctx->Clone(source()), name_);
+}
+
 bool IdentifierExpression::IsValid() const {
   return !name_.empty();
 }
diff --git a/src/ast/identifier_expression.h b/src/ast/identifier_expression.h
index 708648d..703c041 100644
--- a/src/ast/identifier_expression.h
+++ b/src/ast/identifier_expression.h
@@ -61,6 +61,14 @@
   /// @returns true if this identifier is for an intrinsic
   bool IsIntrinsic() const { return intrinsic_ != Intrinsic::kNone; }
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  IdentifierExpression* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/if_statement.cc b/src/ast/if_statement.cc
index c8406b7..5bdf9ce 100644
--- a/src/ast/if_statement.cc
+++ b/src/ast/if_statement.cc
@@ -14,7 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/if_statement.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
 #include "src/ast/else_statement.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
 
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
@@ -31,6 +33,13 @@
 
 IfStatement::~IfStatement() = default;
 
+IfStatement* IfStatement::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  auto* cloned = ctx->mod->create<IfStatement>(
+      ctx->Clone(source()), ctx->Clone(condition_), ctx->Clone(body_));
+  cloned->else_statements_ = ctx->Clone(else_statements_);
+  return cloned;
+}
+
 bool IfStatement::IsValid() const {
   if (condition_ == nullptr || !condition_->IsValid()) {
     return false;
diff --git a/src/ast/if_statement.h b/src/ast/if_statement.h
index c6bb79f..5087f28 100644
--- a/src/ast/if_statement.h
+++ b/src/ast/if_statement.h
@@ -71,6 +71,14 @@
   /// @returns true if there are else statements
   bool has_else_statements() const { return !else_statements_.empty(); }
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  IfStatement* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/location_decoration.cc b/src/ast/location_decoration.cc
index de2beae..3abffc9 100644
--- a/src/ast/location_decoration.cc
+++ b/src/ast/location_decoration.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/location_decoration.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -27,5 +30,9 @@
   out << "LocationDecoration{" << value_ << "}" << std::endl;
 }
 
+LocationDecoration* LocationDecoration::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<LocationDecoration>(value_, ctx->Clone(source()));
+}
+
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/location_decoration.h b/src/ast/location_decoration.h
index 6e75d63..560c3d6 100644
--- a/src/ast/location_decoration.h
+++ b/src/ast/location_decoration.h
@@ -40,6 +40,14 @@
   /// @param indent number of spaces to indent the node when writing
   void to_str(std::ostream& out, size_t indent) const override;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  LocationDecoration* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   uint32_t value_;
 };
diff --git a/src/ast/loop_statement.cc b/src/ast/loop_statement.cc
index 220201f..72b9a97 100644
--- a/src/ast/loop_statement.cc
+++ b/src/ast/loop_statement.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/loop_statement.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -29,6 +32,11 @@
 
 LoopStatement::~LoopStatement() = default;
 
+LoopStatement* LoopStatement::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<LoopStatement>(
+      ctx->Clone(source()), ctx->Clone(body_), ctx->Clone(continuing_));
+}
+
 bool LoopStatement::IsValid() const {
   if (body_ == nullptr || !body_->IsValid()) {
     return false;
diff --git a/src/ast/loop_statement.h b/src/ast/loop_statement.h
index a107e08..374c669 100644
--- a/src/ast/loop_statement.h
+++ b/src/ast/loop_statement.h
@@ -62,6 +62,14 @@
     return continuing_ != nullptr && !continuing_->empty();
   }
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  LoopStatement* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/member_accessor_expression.cc b/src/ast/member_accessor_expression.cc
index 64d8aad..8f81846 100644
--- a/src/ast/member_accessor_expression.cc
+++ b/src/ast/member_accessor_expression.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/member_accessor_expression.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -33,6 +36,12 @@
 
 MemberAccessorExpression::~MemberAccessorExpression() = default;
 
+MemberAccessorExpression* MemberAccessorExpression::Clone(
+    CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<MemberAccessorExpression>(
+      ctx->Clone(source()), ctx->Clone(struct_), ctx->Clone(member_));
+}
+
 bool MemberAccessorExpression::IsValid() const {
   if (struct_ == nullptr || !struct_->IsValid()) {
     return false;
diff --git a/src/ast/member_accessor_expression.h b/src/ast/member_accessor_expression.h
index 2af5839..4b4f859 100644
--- a/src/ast/member_accessor_expression.h
+++ b/src/ast/member_accessor_expression.h
@@ -59,6 +59,14 @@
   /// @returns the member expression
   IdentifierExpression* member() const { return member_; }
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  MemberAccessorExpression* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/module.cc b/src/ast/module.cc
index 748a984..e9fecf1 100644
--- a/src/ast/module.cc
+++ b/src/ast/module.cc
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 #include <sstream>
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
 #include "src/ast/type/struct_type.h"
 
 namespace tint {
@@ -27,6 +28,23 @@
 
 Module::~Module() = default;
 
+Module Module::Clone() {
+  Module out;
+
+  CloneContext ctx(&out);
+  for (auto* ty : constructed_types_) {
+    out.constructed_types_.emplace_back(ctx.Clone(ty));
+  }
+  for (auto* var : global_variables_) {
+    out.global_variables_.emplace_back(ctx.Clone(var));
+  }
+  for (auto* func : functions_) {
+    out.functions_.emplace_back(ctx.Clone(func));
+  }
+
+  return out;
+}
+
 Function* Module::FindFunctionByName(const std::string& name) const {
   for (auto* func : functions_) {
     if (func->name() == name) {
diff --git a/src/ast/module.h b/src/ast/module.h
index ded2225..9caf6aa 100644
--- a/src/ast/module.h
+++ b/src/ast/module.h
@@ -42,6 +42,9 @@
   Module(Module&&);
   ~Module();
 
+  /// @return a deep copy of this module
+  Module Clone();
+
   /// Add a global variable to the module
   /// @param var the variable to add
   void AddGlobalVariable(Variable* var) { global_variables_.push_back(var); }
@@ -135,6 +138,9 @@
     return type_mgr_.types();
   }
 
+  /// @returns all the declared nodes in the module
+  const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<ast::Node>>& nodes() { return ast_nodes_; }
+
  private:
   Module(const Module&) = delete;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/module_clone_test.cc b/src/ast/module_clone_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..93ec7ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ast/module_clone_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+// Copyright 2020 The Tint Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "src/ast/case_statement.h"
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "src/reader/wgsl/parser.h"
+#include "src/writer/wgsl/generator.h"
+
+namespace tint {
+namespace ast {
+namespace {
+
+TEST(ModuleCloneTest, Clone) {
+#if TINT_BUILD_WGSL_READER && TINT_BUILD_WGSL_WRITER
+  // Shader that exercises the bulk of the AST nodes and types.
+  // See also fuzzers/tint_ast_clone_fuzzer.cc for further coverage of cloning.
+  Source::File file("test.wgsl", R"([[block]]
+struct S {
+  [[offset(0)]]
+  m0 : u32;
+  [[offset(4)]]
+  m1 : array<u32>;
+};
+
+type t0 = [[stride(16)]] array<vec4<f32>>;
+type t1 = [[stride(32)]] array<vec4<f32>>;
+
+const c0 : i32 = 10;
+const c1 : bool = true;
+
+var<uniform> g0 : u32 = 20u;
+var<out> g1 : f32 = 123.0;
+var<uniform> g2 : texture_2d<f32>;
+var<uniform> g3 : texture_storage_ro_2d<r32uint>;
+var<uniform> g4 : texture_storage_wo_2d<rg32float>;
+var<uniform> g5 : texture_storage_ro_2d<r32uint>;
+var<uniform> g6 : texture_storage_wo_2d<rg32float>;
+
+[[builtin(position)]] var<uniform> g7 : vec3<f32>;
+[[set(10), binding(20)]] var<storage_buffer> g7 : S;
+[[set(10), binding(20)]] var<storage_buffer> g8 : [[access(read)]]
+S;
+[[set(10), binding(20)]] var<storage_buffer> g9 : [[access(read_write)]]
+S;
+
+fn f0(p0 : bool) -> f32 {
+  if (p0) {
+    return 1.0;
+  }
+  return 0.0;
+}
+
+fn f1(p0 : f32, p1 : i32) -> f32 {
+  var l0 : i32 = 3;
+  var l1 : f32 = 8;
+  var l2 : u32 = bitcast<u32>(4);
+  var l3 : vec2<u32> = vec2<u32>(l0, l1);
+  var l4 : S;
+  var l5 : u32 = l4.m1[5];
+  var l6 : ptr<private, u32>;
+  l6 = null;
+  loop {
+    l0 = (p1 + 2);
+    if (((l0 % 4) == 0)) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    continuing {
+      if (1 == 2) {
+        l0 = l0 - 1;
+      } else {
+        l0 = l0 - 2;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  switch(l2) {
+    case 0: {
+      break;
+    }
+    case 1: {
+      return f0(true);
+    }
+    default: {
+      discard;
+    }
+  }
+  return 1.0;
+}
+
+[[stage(fragment)]]
+fn main() -> void {
+  f1(1.0, 2);
+}
+
+)");
+
+  // Parse the wgsl, create the src module
+  Context ctx;
+  reader::wgsl::Parser parser(&ctx, &file);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(parser.Parse()) << parser.error();
+  auto src = parser.module();
+
+  // Clone the src module to dst
+  auto dst = src.Clone();
+
+  // Expect the AST printed with to_str() to match
+  EXPECT_EQ(src.to_str(), dst.to_str());
+
+  // Check that none of the AST nodes or type pointers in dst are found in src
+  std::unordered_set<ast::Node*> src_nodes;
+  for (auto& src_node : src.nodes()) {
+    src_nodes.emplace(src_node.get());
+  }
+  std::unordered_set<ast::type::Type*> src_types;
+  for (auto& src_type : src.types()) {
+    src_types.emplace(src_type.second.get());
+  }
+  for (auto& dst_node : dst.nodes()) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(src_nodes.count(dst_node.get()), 0u) << dst_node->str();
+  }
+  for (auto& dst_type : dst.types()) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(src_types.count(dst_type.second.get()), 0u)
+        << dst_type.second->type_name();
+  }
+
+  // Regenerate the wgsl for the src module. We use this instead of the original
+  // source so that reformatting doesn't impact the final wgsl comparision.
+  // Note that the src module is moved into the generator and this generator has
+  // a limited scope, so that the src module is released before we attempt to
+  // print the dst module.
+  // This guarantee that all the source module nodes and types are destructed
+  // and freed.
+  // ASAN should error if there's any remaining references in dst when we try to
+  // reconstruct the WGSL.
+  std::string src_wgsl;
+  {
+    writer::wgsl::Generator src_gen(std::move(src));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(src_gen.Generate());
+    src_wgsl = src_gen.result();
+  }
+
+  // Print the dst module, check it matches the original source
+  writer::wgsl::Generator dst_gen(std::move(dst));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(dst_gen.Generate());
+  auto dst_wgsl = dst_gen.result();
+  ASSERT_EQ(src_wgsl, dst_wgsl);
+
+#else  // #if TINT_BUILD_WGSL_READER && TINT_BUILD_WGSL_WRITER
+  GTEST_SKIP() << "ModuleCloneTest requires TINT_BUILD_WGSL_READER and "
+                  "TINT_BUILD_WGSL_WRITER to be enabled";
+#endif
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+}  // namespace ast
+}  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/node.h b/src/ast/node.h
index 9bfe8d6..916ced8 100644
--- a/src/ast/node.h
+++ b/src/ast/node.h
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 
 #include <ostream>
 #include <string>
+#include <vector>
 
 #include "src/castable.h"
 #include "src/source.h"
@@ -24,11 +25,26 @@
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
+class Module;
+class CloneContext;
+
+namespace type {
+class Type;
+}
+
 /// AST base class node
 class Node : public Castable<Node> {
  public:
   ~Node() override;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  virtual Node* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const = 0;
+
   /// @returns the node source data
   const Source& source() const { return source_; }
   /// Sets the source data
diff --git a/src/ast/null_literal.cc b/src/ast/null_literal.cc
index eb3d589..cb2bf94 100644
--- a/src/ast/null_literal.cc
+++ b/src/ast/null_literal.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/null_literal.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -29,5 +32,9 @@
   return "__null" + type()->type_name();
 }
 
+NullLiteral* NullLiteral::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<NullLiteral>(ctx->Clone(type()));
+}
+
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/null_literal.h b/src/ast/null_literal.h
index 7cffcad..8ae3ff0 100644
--- a/src/ast/null_literal.h
+++ b/src/ast/null_literal.h
@@ -35,6 +35,14 @@
 
   /// @returns the literal as a string
   std::string to_str() const override;
+
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  NullLiteral* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace ast
diff --git a/src/ast/return_statement.cc b/src/ast/return_statement.cc
index 138618f..698daf3 100644
--- a/src/ast/return_statement.cc
+++ b/src/ast/return_statement.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/return_statement.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -30,6 +33,11 @@
 
 ReturnStatement::~ReturnStatement() = default;
 
+ReturnStatement* ReturnStatement::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<ReturnStatement>(ctx->Clone(source()),
+                                           ctx->Clone(value_));
+}
+
 bool ReturnStatement::IsValid() const {
   if (value_ != nullptr) {
     return value_->IsValid();
diff --git a/src/ast/return_statement.h b/src/ast/return_statement.h
index f2426fa..c90079b 100644
--- a/src/ast/return_statement.h
+++ b/src/ast/return_statement.h
@@ -51,6 +51,14 @@
   /// @returns true if the return has a value
   bool has_value() const { return value_ != nullptr; }
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  ReturnStatement* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/scalar_constructor_expression.cc b/src/ast/scalar_constructor_expression.cc
index 2c05b4d..7a68042 100644
--- a/src/ast/scalar_constructor_expression.cc
+++ b/src/ast/scalar_constructor_expression.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/scalar_constructor_expression.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -31,6 +34,12 @@
 
 ScalarConstructorExpression::~ScalarConstructorExpression() = default;
 
+ScalarConstructorExpression* ScalarConstructorExpression::Clone(
+    CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<ScalarConstructorExpression>(ctx->Clone(source()),
+                                                       ctx->Clone(literal_));
+}
+
 bool ScalarConstructorExpression::IsValid() const {
   return literal_ != nullptr;
 }
diff --git a/src/ast/scalar_constructor_expression.h b/src/ast/scalar_constructor_expression.h
index 273f7bc..05ce216 100644
--- a/src/ast/scalar_constructor_expression.h
+++ b/src/ast/scalar_constructor_expression.h
@@ -47,6 +47,14 @@
   /// @returns the literal value
   Literal* literal() const { return literal_; }
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  ScalarConstructorExpression* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/set_decoration.cc b/src/ast/set_decoration.cc
index 4d6a776..0c53618 100644
--- a/src/ast/set_decoration.cc
+++ b/src/ast/set_decoration.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/set_decoration.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -27,5 +30,9 @@
   out << "SetDecoration{" << value_ << "}" << std::endl;
 }
 
+SetDecoration* SetDecoration::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<SetDecoration>(value_, ctx->Clone(source()));
+}
+
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/set_decoration.h b/src/ast/set_decoration.h
index 9706f86..a58e334 100644
--- a/src/ast/set_decoration.h
+++ b/src/ast/set_decoration.h
@@ -39,6 +39,14 @@
   /// @param indent number of spaces to indent the node when writing
   void to_str(std::ostream& out, size_t indent) const override;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  SetDecoration* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   uint32_t value_;
 };
diff --git a/src/ast/sint_literal.cc b/src/ast/sint_literal.cc
index c94e7c9..6bded6f 100644
--- a/src/ast/sint_literal.cc
+++ b/src/ast/sint_literal.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/sint_literal.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -30,5 +33,9 @@
   return "__sint" + type()->type_name() + "_" + std::to_string(value_);
 }
 
+SintLiteral* SintLiteral::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<SintLiteral>(ctx->Clone(type()), value_);
+}
+
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/sint_literal.h b/src/ast/sint_literal.h
index dd56fb3..5a18406 100644
--- a/src/ast/sint_literal.h
+++ b/src/ast/sint_literal.h
@@ -43,6 +43,14 @@
   /// @returns the literal as a string
   std::string to_str() const override;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  SintLiteral* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   int32_t value_;
 };
diff --git a/src/ast/stage_decoration.cc b/src/ast/stage_decoration.cc
index af9676e..8613167 100644
--- a/src/ast/stage_decoration.cc
+++ b/src/ast/stage_decoration.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/stage_decoration.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -27,5 +30,9 @@
   out << "StageDecoration{" << stage_ << "}" << std::endl;
 }
 
+StageDecoration* StageDecoration::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<StageDecoration>(stage_, ctx->Clone(source()));
+}
+
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/stage_decoration.h b/src/ast/stage_decoration.h
index 1ae3372..4339f98 100644
--- a/src/ast/stage_decoration.h
+++ b/src/ast/stage_decoration.h
@@ -38,6 +38,14 @@
   /// @param indent number of spaces to indent the node when writing
   void to_str(std::ostream& out, size_t indent) const override;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  StageDecoration* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   PipelineStage stage_ = PipelineStage::kNone;
 };
diff --git a/src/ast/stride_decoration.cc b/src/ast/stride_decoration.cc
index 6de4550..f41ac20 100644
--- a/src/ast/stride_decoration.cc
+++ b/src/ast/stride_decoration.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/stride_decoration.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -27,5 +30,9 @@
   out << "stride " << stride_;
 }
 
+StrideDecoration* StrideDecoration::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<StrideDecoration>(stride_, ctx->Clone(source()));
+}
+
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/stride_decoration.h b/src/ast/stride_decoration.h
index e3abd4b..f2113f7 100644
--- a/src/ast/stride_decoration.h
+++ b/src/ast/stride_decoration.h
@@ -41,6 +41,14 @@
   /// @param indent number of spaces to indent the node when writing
   void to_str(std::ostream& out, size_t indent) const override;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  StrideDecoration* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   uint32_t stride_;
 };
diff --git a/src/ast/struct.cc b/src/ast/struct.cc
index 5825dca..bb07647 100644
--- a/src/ast/struct.cc
+++ b/src/ast/struct.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/struct.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
 #include "src/ast/struct_block_decoration.h"
 
 namespace tint {
@@ -61,6 +63,11 @@
   return false;
 }
 
+Struct* Struct::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<Struct>(
+      ctx->Clone(source()), ctx->Clone(decorations_), ctx->Clone(members_));
+}
+
 bool Struct::IsValid() const {
   for (auto* mem : members_) {
     if (mem == nullptr || !mem->IsValid()) {
diff --git a/src/ast/struct.h b/src/ast/struct.h
index 419b270..0b37d28 100644
--- a/src/ast/struct.h
+++ b/src/ast/struct.h
@@ -76,6 +76,14 @@
   /// @returns true if the struct is block decorated
   bool IsBlockDecorated() const;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  Struct* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/struct_block_decoration.cc b/src/ast/struct_block_decoration.cc
index 90fb248..22df5c4 100644
--- a/src/ast/struct_block_decoration.cc
+++ b/src/ast/struct_block_decoration.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/struct_block_decoration.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -27,5 +30,9 @@
   out << "block";
 }
 
+StructBlockDecoration* StructBlockDecoration::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<StructBlockDecoration>(ctx->Clone(source()));
+}
+
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/struct_block_decoration.h b/src/ast/struct_block_decoration.h
index 6f55984..732fa5e 100644
--- a/src/ast/struct_block_decoration.h
+++ b/src/ast/struct_block_decoration.h
@@ -37,6 +37,14 @@
   /// @param out the stream to write to
   /// @param indent number of spaces to indent the node when writing
   void to_str(std::ostream& out, size_t indent) const override;
+
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  StructBlockDecoration* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
 };
 
 /// List of struct decorations
diff --git a/src/ast/struct_member.cc b/src/ast/struct_member.cc
index 0905557..cefbede 100644
--- a/src/ast/struct_member.cc
+++ b/src/ast/struct_member.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/struct_member.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
 #include "src/ast/struct_member_offset_decoration.h"
 
 namespace tint {
@@ -57,6 +59,11 @@
   return 0;
 }
 
+StructMember* StructMember::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<StructMember>(
+      ctx->Clone(source()), name_, ctx->Clone(type_), ctx->Clone(decorations_));
+}
+
 bool StructMember::IsValid() const {
   if (name_.empty() || type_ == nullptr) {
     return false;
diff --git a/src/ast/struct_member.h b/src/ast/struct_member.h
index ea18502..a659e87 100644
--- a/src/ast/struct_member.h
+++ b/src/ast/struct_member.h
@@ -77,6 +77,14 @@
   /// @returns the offset decoration value.
   uint32_t offset() const;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  StructMember* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/struct_member_offset_decoration.cc b/src/ast/struct_member_offset_decoration.cc
index 91ed01b..974b5fd 100644
--- a/src/ast/struct_member_offset_decoration.cc
+++ b/src/ast/struct_member_offset_decoration.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/struct_member_offset_decoration.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -29,5 +32,11 @@
   out << "offset " << std::to_string(offset_);
 }
 
+StructMemberOffsetDecoration* StructMemberOffsetDecoration::Clone(
+    CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<StructMemberOffsetDecoration>(offset_,
+                                                        ctx->Clone(source()));
+}
+
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/struct_member_offset_decoration.h b/src/ast/struct_member_offset_decoration.h
index 1f44271..bfc8ca2 100644
--- a/src/ast/struct_member_offset_decoration.h
+++ b/src/ast/struct_member_offset_decoration.h
@@ -42,6 +42,14 @@
   /// @param indent number of spaces to indent the node when writing
   void to_str(std::ostream& out, size_t indent) const override;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  StructMemberOffsetDecoration* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   uint32_t offset_;
 };
diff --git a/src/ast/switch_statement.cc b/src/ast/switch_statement.cc
index ed0d730..18140b6 100644
--- a/src/ast/switch_statement.cc
+++ b/src/ast/switch_statement.cc
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
 #include "src/ast/switch_statement.h"
 
 #include "src/ast/case_statement.h"
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
 
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
@@ -33,6 +35,11 @@
 
 SwitchStatement::~SwitchStatement() = default;
 
+SwitchStatement* SwitchStatement::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<SwitchStatement>(
+      ctx->Clone(source()), ctx->Clone(condition_), ctx->Clone(body_));
+}
+
 bool SwitchStatement::IsValid() const {
   if (condition_ == nullptr || !condition_->IsValid()) {
     return false;
diff --git a/src/ast/switch_statement.h b/src/ast/switch_statement.h
index df7d570..53c80ca 100644
--- a/src/ast/switch_statement.h
+++ b/src/ast/switch_statement.h
@@ -60,6 +60,14 @@
   /// @returns the Switch body
   const CaseStatementList& body() const { return body_; }
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  SwitchStatement* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/type/access_control_type.cc b/src/ast/type/access_control_type.cc
index a419efb..7a7a676 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/access_control_type.cc
+++ b/src/ast/type/access_control_type.cc
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@
 
 #include <assert.h>
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 namespace type {
@@ -54,6 +57,10 @@
   return subtype_->BaseAlignment(mem_layout);
 }
 
+AccessControl* AccessControl::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<AccessControl>(access_, ctx->Clone(subtype_));
+}
+
 }  // namespace type
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/type/access_control_type.h b/src/ast/type/access_control_type.h
index c5828a6..bffd44e 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/access_control_type.h
+++ b/src/ast/type/access_control_type.h
@@ -60,6 +60,11 @@
   ///          0 for non-host shareable types.
   uint64_t BaseAlignment(MemoryLayout mem_layout) const override;
 
+  /// Clones this type and all transitive types using the `CloneContext` `ctx`.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned type
+  AccessControl* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   ast::AccessControl access_ = ast::AccessControl::kReadOnly;
   Type* subtype_ = nullptr;
diff --git a/src/ast/type/alias_type.cc b/src/ast/type/alias_type.cc
index 955f12f..e07ed10 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/alias_type.cc
+++ b/src/ast/type/alias_type.cc
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@
 
 #include <assert.h>
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 namespace type {
@@ -41,6 +44,10 @@
   return subtype_->BaseAlignment(mem_layout);
 }
 
+Alias* Alias::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<Alias>(name_, ctx->Clone(subtype_));
+}
+
 }  // namespace type
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/type/alias_type.h b/src/ast/type/alias_type.h
index 7d4840a..260a089 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/alias_type.h
+++ b/src/ast/type/alias_type.h
@@ -52,6 +52,11 @@
   ///          0 for non-host shareable types.
   uint64_t BaseAlignment(MemoryLayout mem_layout) const override;
 
+  /// Clones this type and all transitive types using the `CloneContext` `ctx`.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned type
+  Alias* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   std::string name_;
   Type* subtype_ = nullptr;
diff --git a/src/ast/type/array_type.cc b/src/ast/type/array_type.cc
index 3883e0e..34cec86 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/array_type.cc
+++ b/src/ast/type/array_type.cc
@@ -15,7 +15,10 @@
 #include "src/ast/type/array_type.h"
 
 #include <cmath>
+#include <memory>
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
 #include "src/ast/stride_decoration.h"
 #include "src/ast/type/vector_type.h"
 
@@ -92,6 +95,12 @@
   return type_name;
 }
 
+Array* Array::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  auto cloned = std::make_unique<Array>(ctx->Clone(subtype_), size_);
+  cloned->set_decorations(ctx->Clone(decorations()));
+  return ctx->mod->unique_type(std::move(cloned));
+}
+
 }  // namespace type
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/type/array_type.h b/src/ast/type/array_type.h
index ef6f6c2..8c4bc9a 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/array_type.h
+++ b/src/ast/type/array_type.h
@@ -74,6 +74,11 @@
   /// @returns the name for the type
   std::string type_name() const override;
 
+  /// Clones this type and all transitive types using the `CloneContext` `ctx`.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned type
+  Array* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   Type* subtype_ = nullptr;
   uint32_t size_ = 0;
diff --git a/src/ast/type/bool_type.cc b/src/ast/type/bool_type.cc
index 55bbc35..da095dc 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/bool_type.cc
+++ b/src/ast/type/bool_type.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/type/bool_type.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 namespace type {
@@ -28,6 +31,10 @@
   return "__bool";
 }
 
+Bool* Bool::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<Bool>();
+}
+
 }  // namespace type
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/type/bool_type.h b/src/ast/type/bool_type.h
index 92b08ed..11f5338 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/bool_type.h
+++ b/src/ast/type/bool_type.h
@@ -34,6 +34,11 @@
 
   /// @returns the name for this type
   std::string type_name() const override;
+
+  /// Clones this type and all transitive types using the `CloneContext` `ctx`.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned type
+  Bool* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace type
diff --git a/src/ast/type/depth_texture_type.cc b/src/ast/type/depth_texture_type.cc
index c6153ee..c4b1530 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/depth_texture_type.cc
+++ b/src/ast/type/depth_texture_type.cc
@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@
 #include <cassert>
 #include <sstream>
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 namespace type {
@@ -47,6 +50,10 @@
   return out.str();
 }
 
+DepthTexture* DepthTexture::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<DepthTexture>(dim());
+}
+
 }  // namespace type
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/type/depth_texture_type.h b/src/ast/type/depth_texture_type.h
index 49a0a1c..02f07d3 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/depth_texture_type.h
+++ b/src/ast/type/depth_texture_type.h
@@ -35,6 +35,11 @@
 
   /// @returns the name for this type
   std::string type_name() const override;
+
+  /// Clones this type and all transitive types using the `CloneContext` `ctx`.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned type
+  DepthTexture* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace type
diff --git a/src/ast/type/f32_type.cc b/src/ast/type/f32_type.cc
index 7712aec..50823b2 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/f32_type.cc
+++ b/src/ast/type/f32_type.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/type/f32_type.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 namespace type {
@@ -36,6 +39,10 @@
   return 4;
 }
 
+F32* F32::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<F32>();
+}
+
 }  // namespace type
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/type/f32_type.h b/src/ast/type/f32_type.h
index 92f25f0..86187f3 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/f32_type.h
+++ b/src/ast/type/f32_type.h
@@ -44,6 +44,11 @@
   /// @returns base alignment for the type, in bytes.
   ///          0 for non-host shareable types.
   uint64_t BaseAlignment(MemoryLayout mem_layout) const override;
+
+  /// Clones this type and all transitive types using the `CloneContext` `ctx`.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned type
+  F32* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace type
diff --git a/src/ast/type/i32_type.cc b/src/ast/type/i32_type.cc
index eced6b6..303b93e 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/i32_type.cc
+++ b/src/ast/type/i32_type.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/type/i32_type.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 namespace type {
@@ -36,6 +39,10 @@
   return 4;
 }
 
+I32* I32::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<I32>();
+}
+
 }  // namespace type
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/type/i32_type.h b/src/ast/type/i32_type.h
index 4ad0115..104d593 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/i32_type.h
+++ b/src/ast/type/i32_type.h
@@ -44,6 +44,11 @@
   /// @returns base alignment for the type, in bytes.
   ///          0 for non-host shareable types.
   uint64_t BaseAlignment(MemoryLayout mem_layout) const override;
+
+  /// Clones this type and all transitive types using the `CloneContext` `ctx`.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned type
+  I32* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace type
diff --git a/src/ast/type/matrix_type.cc b/src/ast/type/matrix_type.cc
index 7065b7f..c0210bc 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/matrix_type.cc
+++ b/src/ast/type/matrix_type.cc
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 #include <assert.h>
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
 #include "src/ast/type/array_type.h"
 #include "src/ast/type/vector_type.h"
 
@@ -52,6 +54,10 @@
   return arr.BaseAlignment(mem_layout);
 }
 
+Matrix* Matrix::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<Matrix>(ctx->Clone(subtype_), rows_, columns_);
+}
+
 }  // namespace type
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/type/matrix_type.h b/src/ast/type/matrix_type.h
index 2943a03..ef39c1a 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/matrix_type.h
+++ b/src/ast/type/matrix_type.h
@@ -55,6 +55,11 @@
   ///          0 for non-host shareable types.
   uint64_t BaseAlignment(MemoryLayout mem_layout) const override;
 
+  /// Clones this type and all transitive types using the `CloneContext` `ctx`.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned type
+  Matrix* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   Type* subtype_ = nullptr;
   uint32_t rows_ = 2;
diff --git a/src/ast/type/multisampled_texture_type.cc b/src/ast/type/multisampled_texture_type.cc
index d73ad18..a321684 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/multisampled_texture_type.cc
+++ b/src/ast/type/multisampled_texture_type.cc
@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@
 #include <cassert>
 #include <sstream>
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 namespace type {
@@ -36,6 +39,10 @@
   return out.str();
 }
 
+MultisampledTexture* MultisampledTexture::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<MultisampledTexture>(dim(), ctx->Clone(type_));
+}
+
 }  // namespace type
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/type/multisampled_texture_type.h b/src/ast/type/multisampled_texture_type.h
index 351e9f8..cdbfdb4 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/multisampled_texture_type.h
+++ b/src/ast/type/multisampled_texture_type.h
@@ -40,6 +40,11 @@
   /// @returns the name for this type
   std::string type_name() const override;
 
+  /// Clones this type and all transitive types using the `CloneContext` `ctx`.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned type
+  MultisampledTexture* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   Type* type_ = nullptr;
 };
diff --git a/src/ast/type/pointer_type.cc b/src/ast/type/pointer_type.cc
index 7453491..604eb8b 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/pointer_type.cc
+++ b/src/ast/type/pointer_type.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/type/pointer_type.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 namespace type {
@@ -31,6 +34,10 @@
 
 Pointer::~Pointer() = default;
 
+Pointer* Pointer::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<Pointer>(ctx->Clone(subtype_), storage_class_);
+}
+
 }  // namespace type
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/type/pointer_type.h b/src/ast/type/pointer_type.h
index 07a3c6b..b22b130 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/pointer_type.h
+++ b/src/ast/type/pointer_type.h
@@ -44,6 +44,11 @@
   /// @returns the name for this type
   std::string type_name() const override;
 
+  /// Clones this type and all transitive types using the `CloneContext` `ctx`.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned type
+  Pointer* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   Type* subtype_;
   StorageClass storage_class_;
diff --git a/src/ast/type/sampled_texture_type.cc b/src/ast/type/sampled_texture_type.cc
index 490a586..0fa62d7 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/sampled_texture_type.cc
+++ b/src/ast/type/sampled_texture_type.cc
@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@
 #include <cassert>
 #include <sstream>
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 namespace type {
@@ -36,6 +39,10 @@
   return out.str();
 }
 
+SampledTexture* SampledTexture::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<SampledTexture>(dim(), ctx->Clone(type_));
+}
+
 }  // namespace type
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/type/sampled_texture_type.h b/src/ast/type/sampled_texture_type.h
index 3c6abaf..54d9da4 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/sampled_texture_type.h
+++ b/src/ast/type/sampled_texture_type.h
@@ -40,6 +40,11 @@
   /// @returns the name for this type
   std::string type_name() const override;
 
+  /// Clones this type and all transitive types using the `CloneContext` `ctx`.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned type
+  SampledTexture* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   Type* type_ = nullptr;
 };
diff --git a/src/ast/type/sampler_type.cc b/src/ast/type/sampler_type.cc
index 5d61348..d3eaff1 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/sampler_type.cc
+++ b/src/ast/type/sampler_type.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/type/sampler_type.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 namespace type {
@@ -41,6 +44,10 @@
          (kind_ == SamplerKind::kSampler ? "sampler" : "comparison");
 }
 
+Sampler* Sampler::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<Sampler>(kind_);
+}
+
 }  // namespace type
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/type/sampler_type.h b/src/ast/type/sampler_type.h
index 0d2b914..4e71fbb 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/sampler_type.h
+++ b/src/ast/type/sampler_type.h
@@ -52,6 +52,11 @@
   /// @returns the name for this type
   std::string type_name() const override;
 
+  /// Clones this type and all transitive types using the `CloneContext` `ctx`.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned type
+  Sampler* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   SamplerKind kind_ = SamplerKind::kSampler;
 };
diff --git a/src/ast/type/storage_texture_type.cc b/src/ast/type/storage_texture_type.cc
index 72fd648..87c4657 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/storage_texture_type.cc
+++ b/src/ast/type/storage_texture_type.cc
@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@
 #include <cassert>
 #include <sstream>
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 namespace type {
@@ -176,6 +179,10 @@
   return out.str();
 }
 
+StorageTexture* StorageTexture::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<StorageTexture>(dim(), access_, image_format_);
+}
+
 }  // namespace type
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/type/storage_texture_type.h b/src/ast/type/storage_texture_type.h
index d454539..9f88b4d 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/storage_texture_type.h
+++ b/src/ast/type/storage_texture_type.h
@@ -95,6 +95,11 @@
   /// @returns the name for this type
   std::string type_name() const override;
 
+  /// Clones this type and all transitive types using the `CloneContext` `ctx`.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned type
+  StorageTexture* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   Type* type_ = nullptr;
   ast::AccessControl access_ = ast::AccessControl::kReadOnly;
diff --git a/src/ast/type/struct_type.cc b/src/ast/type/struct_type.cc
index fc8f110..c4756ec 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/struct_type.cc
+++ b/src/ast/type/struct_type.cc
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@
 #include <cmath>
 #include <utility>
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
 #include "src/ast/type/alias_type.h"
 #include "src/ast/type/array_type.h"
 #include "src/ast/type/matrix_type.h"
@@ -79,6 +81,10 @@
   return 0;
 }
 
+Struct* Struct::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<Struct>(name_, ctx->Clone(struct_));
+}
+
 }  // namespace type
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/type/struct_type.h b/src/ast/type/struct_type.h
index 615468d..91b60c9 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/struct_type.h
+++ b/src/ast/type/struct_type.h
@@ -58,6 +58,11 @@
   ///          0 for non-host shareable types.
   uint64_t BaseAlignment(MemoryLayout mem_layout) const override;
 
+  /// Clones this type and all transitive types using the `CloneContext` `ctx`.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned type
+  Struct* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   std::string name_;
   ast::Struct* struct_ = nullptr;
diff --git a/src/ast/type/type.h b/src/ast/type/type.h
index 87a5739..8eb916e 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/type.h
+++ b/src/ast/type/type.h
@@ -21,6 +21,10 @@
 
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
+
+class Module;
+class CloneContext;
+
 namespace type {
 
 /// Supported memory layouts for calculating sizes
@@ -33,6 +37,11 @@
   Type(Type&&);
   ~Type() override;
 
+  /// Clones this type and all transitive types using the `CloneContext` `ctx`.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned type
+  virtual Type* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const = 0;
+
   /// @returns the name for this type. The |type_name| is unique over all types.
   virtual std::string type_name() const = 0;
 
@@ -89,6 +98,16 @@
 
  protected:
   Type();
+
+  /// A helper method for cloning the `Type` `t` if it is not null.
+  /// If `t` is null, then `Clone()` returns null.
+  /// @param m the module to clone `n` into
+  /// @param t the `Type` to clone (if not null)
+  /// @return the cloned type
+  template <typename T>
+  static T* Clone(Module* m, const T* t) {
+    return (t != nullptr) ? static_cast<T*>(t->Clone(m)) : nullptr;
+  }
 };
 
 }  // namespace type
diff --git a/src/ast/type/u32_type.cc b/src/ast/type/u32_type.cc
index 97cf951..18bbb73 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/u32_type.cc
+++ b/src/ast/type/u32_type.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/type/u32_type.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 namespace type {
@@ -36,6 +39,10 @@
   return 4;
 }
 
+U32* U32::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<U32>();
+}
+
 }  // namespace type
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/type/u32_type.h b/src/ast/type/u32_type.h
index 9decaa3..9e04155 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/u32_type.h
+++ b/src/ast/type/u32_type.h
@@ -44,6 +44,11 @@
   /// @returns base alignment for the type, in bytes.
   ///          0 for non-host shareable types.
   uint64_t BaseAlignment(MemoryLayout mem_layout) const override;
+
+  /// Clones this type and all transitive types using the `CloneContext` `ctx`.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned type
+  U32* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace type
diff --git a/src/ast/type/vector_type.cc b/src/ast/type/vector_type.cc
index c2dfaa5..9f52bdc 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/vector_type.cc
+++ b/src/ast/type/vector_type.cc
@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <cmath>
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 namespace type {
@@ -48,6 +51,10 @@
   return 0;  // vectors are only supposed to have 2, 3, or 4 elements.
 }
 
+Vector* Vector::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<Vector>(ctx->Clone(subtype_), size_);
+}
+
 }  // namespace type
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/type/vector_type.h b/src/ast/type/vector_type.h
index 2186774..9634f43 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/vector_type.h
+++ b/src/ast/type/vector_type.h
@@ -52,6 +52,11 @@
   ///          0 for non-host shareable types.
   uint64_t BaseAlignment(MemoryLayout mem_layout) const override;
 
+  /// Clones this type and all transitive types using the `CloneContext` `ctx`.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned type
+  Vector* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   Type* subtype_ = nullptr;
   uint32_t size_ = 2;
diff --git a/src/ast/type/void_type.cc b/src/ast/type/void_type.cc
index 66fc7c6..6eaaec9 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/void_type.cc
+++ b/src/ast/type/void_type.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/type/void_type.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 namespace type {
@@ -28,6 +31,10 @@
   return "__void";
 }
 
+Void* Void::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<Void>();
+}
+
 }  // namespace type
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/type/void_type.h b/src/ast/type/void_type.h
index 16d9193..8631188 100644
--- a/src/ast/type/void_type.h
+++ b/src/ast/type/void_type.h
@@ -34,6 +34,11 @@
 
   /// @returns the name for this type
   std::string type_name() const override;
+
+  /// Clones this type and all transitive types using the `CloneContext` `ctx`.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned type
+  Void* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace type
diff --git a/src/ast/type_constructor_expression.cc b/src/ast/type_constructor_expression.cc
index b0f111f..8717833 100644
--- a/src/ast/type_constructor_expression.cc
+++ b/src/ast/type_constructor_expression.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/type_constructor_expression.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -33,6 +36,12 @@
 
 TypeConstructorExpression::~TypeConstructorExpression() = default;
 
+TypeConstructorExpression* TypeConstructorExpression::Clone(
+    CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<TypeConstructorExpression>(
+      ctx->Clone(source()), ctx->Clone(type_), ctx->Clone(values_));
+}
+
 bool TypeConstructorExpression::IsValid() const {
   if (values_.empty()) {
     return true;
diff --git a/src/ast/type_constructor_expression.h b/src/ast/type_constructor_expression.h
index 4ed73ee..12b0e97 100644
--- a/src/ast/type_constructor_expression.h
+++ b/src/ast/type_constructor_expression.h
@@ -56,6 +56,14 @@
   /// @returns the values
   const ExpressionList& values() const { return values_; }
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  TypeConstructorExpression* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/uint_literal.cc b/src/ast/uint_literal.cc
index 32bd0ed..bf00090 100644
--- a/src/ast/uint_literal.cc
+++ b/src/ast/uint_literal.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/uint_literal.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -30,5 +33,9 @@
   return "__uint" + std::to_string(value_);
 }
 
+UintLiteral* UintLiteral::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<UintLiteral>(ctx->Clone(type()), value_);
+}
+
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/uint_literal.h b/src/ast/uint_literal.h
index 33b7faa..662fdd6 100644
--- a/src/ast/uint_literal.h
+++ b/src/ast/uint_literal.h
@@ -43,6 +43,14 @@
   /// @returns the literal as a string
   std::string to_str() const override;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  UintLiteral* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   uint32_t value_;
 };
diff --git a/src/ast/unary_op_expression.cc b/src/ast/unary_op_expression.cc
index 46d53c6..c5bc38c 100644
--- a/src/ast/unary_op_expression.cc
+++ b/src/ast/unary_op_expression.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/unary_op_expression.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -31,6 +34,11 @@
 
 UnaryOpExpression::~UnaryOpExpression() = default;
 
+UnaryOpExpression* UnaryOpExpression::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<UnaryOpExpression>(ctx->Clone(source()), op_,
+                                             ctx->Clone(expr_));
+}
+
 bool UnaryOpExpression::IsValid() const {
   return expr_ != nullptr && expr_->IsValid();
 }
diff --git a/src/ast/unary_op_expression.h b/src/ast/unary_op_expression.h
index 7d96fc4..d2c5e42 100644
--- a/src/ast/unary_op_expression.h
+++ b/src/ast/unary_op_expression.h
@@ -55,6 +55,14 @@
   /// @returns the expression
   Expression* expr() const { return expr_; }
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  UnaryOpExpression* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/variable.cc b/src/ast/variable.cc
index 37c1f20..01ae068 100644
--- a/src/ast/variable.cc
+++ b/src/ast/variable.cc
@@ -16,7 +16,9 @@
 
 #include <assert.h>
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
 #include "src/ast/decorated_variable.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
 
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
@@ -36,6 +38,17 @@
 
 Variable::~Variable() = default;
 
+Variable* Variable::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  auto* cloned = ctx->mod->create<Variable>();
+  cloned->set_source(ctx->Clone(source()));
+  cloned->set_name(name());
+  cloned->set_storage_class(storage_class());
+  cloned->set_type(ctx->Clone(type()));
+  cloned->set_constructor(ctx->Clone(constructor()));
+  cloned->set_is_const(is_const());
+  return cloned;
+}
+
 bool Variable::IsValid() const {
   if (name_.length() == 0) {
     return false;
diff --git a/src/ast/variable.h b/src/ast/variable.h
index 11c95d3..43fe16c 100644
--- a/src/ast/variable.h
+++ b/src/ast/variable.h
@@ -132,6 +132,14 @@
   /// @returns true if this is a constant, false otherwise
   bool is_const() const { return is_const_; }
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  Variable* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the name and path are both present
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/variable_decl_statement.cc b/src/ast/variable_decl_statement.cc
index 9b51bf4..f1ec4d3 100644
--- a/src/ast/variable_decl_statement.cc
+++ b/src/ast/variable_decl_statement.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/variable_decl_statement.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -30,6 +33,11 @@
 
 VariableDeclStatement::~VariableDeclStatement() = default;
 
+VariableDeclStatement* VariableDeclStatement::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<VariableDeclStatement>(ctx->Clone(source()),
+                                                 ctx->Clone(variable_));
+}
+
 bool VariableDeclStatement::IsValid() const {
   return variable_ != nullptr && variable_->IsValid();
 }
diff --git a/src/ast/variable_decl_statement.h b/src/ast/variable_decl_statement.h
index d03d5ad..bdf5ed2 100644
--- a/src/ast/variable_decl_statement.h
+++ b/src/ast/variable_decl_statement.h
@@ -48,6 +48,14 @@
   /// @returns the variable
   Variable* variable() const { return variable_; }
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  VariableDeclStatement* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
   /// @returns true if the node is valid
   bool IsValid() const override;
 
diff --git a/src/ast/workgroup_decoration.cc b/src/ast/workgroup_decoration.cc
index f32d09a..22a78f2 100644
--- a/src/ast/workgroup_decoration.cc
+++ b/src/ast/workgroup_decoration.cc
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 
 #include "src/ast/workgroup_decoration.h"
 
+#include "src/ast/clone_context.h"
+#include "src/ast/module.h"
+
 namespace tint {
 namespace ast {
 
@@ -39,5 +42,10 @@
       << std::endl;
 }
 
+WorkgroupDecoration* WorkgroupDecoration::Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const {
+  return ctx->mod->create<WorkgroupDecoration>(x_, y_, z_,
+                                               ctx->Clone(source()));
+}
+
 }  // namespace ast
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/ast/workgroup_decoration.h b/src/ast/workgroup_decoration.h
index 2345b53..ac16b41 100644
--- a/src/ast/workgroup_decoration.h
+++ b/src/ast/workgroup_decoration.h
@@ -55,6 +55,14 @@
   /// @param indent number of spaces to indent the node when writing
   void to_str(std::ostream& out, size_t indent) const override;
 
+  /// Clones this node and all transitive child nodes using the `CloneContext`
+  /// `ctx`.
+  /// @note Semantic information such as resolved expression type and intrinsic
+  /// information is not cloned.
+  /// @param ctx the clone context
+  /// @return the newly cloned node
+  WorkgroupDecoration* Clone(CloneContext* ctx) const override;
+
  private:
   uint32_t x_ = 1;
   uint32_t y_ = 1;
diff --git a/src/type_determiner_test.cc b/src/type_determiner_test.cc
index e39736c..2d240f0 100644
--- a/src/type_determiner_test.cc
+++ b/src/type_determiner_test.cc
@@ -72,12 +72,14 @@
 
 class FakeStmt : public ast::Statement {
  public:
+  FakeStmt* Clone(ast::CloneContext*) const override { return nullptr; }
   bool IsValid() const override { return true; }
   void to_str(std::ostream& out, size_t) const override { out << "Fake"; }
 };
 
 class FakeExpr : public ast::Expression {
  public:
+  FakeExpr* Clone(ast::CloneContext*) const override { return nullptr; }
   bool IsValid() const override { return true; }
   void to_str(std::ostream&, size_t) const override {}
 };