diff --git a/src/reader/spirv/function.cc b/src/reader/spirv/function.cc
index 1f5c80b..5dd261a 100644
--- a/src/reader/spirv/function.cc
+++ b/src/reader/spirv/function.cc
@@ -312,6 +312,9 @@
   if (!TerminatorsAreSane()) {
     return false;
   }
+  if (!RegisterMerges()) {
+    return false;
+  }
 
   ComputeBlockOrderAndPositions();
 
@@ -359,6 +362,110 @@
   return success();
 }
 
+bool FunctionEmitter::RegisterMerges() {
+  if (failed()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const auto entry_id = function_.begin()->id();
+  for (const auto& block : function_) {
+    const auto block_id = block.id();
+    auto* block_info = GetBlockInfo(block_id);
+    if (!block_info) {
+      return Fail() << "internal error: assumed blocks were registered";
+    }
+
+    if (const auto* inst = block.GetMergeInst()) {
+      auto terminator_opcode = block.terminator()->opcode();
+      switch (inst->opcode()) {
+        case SpvOpSelectionMerge:
+          if ((terminator_opcode != SpvOpBranchConditional) &&
+              (terminator_opcode != SpvOpSwitch)) {
+            return Fail() << "Selection header " << block_id
+                          << " does not end in an OpBranchConditional or "
+                             "OpSwitch instruction";
+          }
+          break;
+        case SpvOpLoopMerge:
+          if ((terminator_opcode != SpvOpBranchConditional) &&
+              (terminator_opcode != SpvOpBranch)) {
+            return Fail() << "Loop header " << block_id
+                          << " does not end in an OpBranch or "
+                             "OpBranchConditional instruction";
+          }
+          break;
+        default:
+          break;
+      }
+
+      const uint32_t header = block.id();
+      auto* header_info = block_info;
+      const uint32_t merge = inst->GetSingleWordInOperand(0);
+      auto* merge_info = GetBlockInfo(merge);
+      if (!merge_info) {
+        return Fail() << "Structured header block " << header
+                      << " declares invalid merge block " << merge;
+      }
+      if (merge == header) {
+        return Fail() << "Structured header block " << header
+                      << " cannot be its own merge block";
+      }
+      if (merge_info->header_for_merge) {
+        return Fail() << "Block " << merge
+                      << " declared as merge block for more than one header: "
+                      << merge_info->header_for_merge << ", " << header;
+      }
+      merge_info->header_for_merge = header;
+      header_info->merge_for_header = merge;
+
+      if (inst->opcode() == SpvOpLoopMerge) {
+        if (header == entry_id) {
+          return Fail() << "Function entry block " << entry_id
+                        << " cannot be a loop header";
+        }
+        const uint32_t ct = inst->GetSingleWordInOperand(1);
+        auto* ct_info = GetBlockInfo(ct);
+        if (!ct_info) {
+          return Fail() << "Structured header " << header
+                        << " declares invalid continue target " << ct;
+        }
+        if (ct == merge) {
+          return Fail() << "Invalid structured header block " << header
+                        << ": declares block " << ct
+                        << " as both its merge block and continue target";
+        }
+        if (ct_info->header_for_continue) {
+          return Fail()
+                 << "Block " << ct
+                 << " declared as continue target for more than one header: "
+                 << ct_info->header_for_continue << ", " << header;
+        }
+        ct_info->header_for_continue = header;
+        header_info->continue_for_header = ct;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Check single-block loop cases.
+    bool single_block_loop = false;
+    block_info->basic_block->ForEachSuccessorLabel(
+        [&single_block_loop, block_id](const uint32_t succ) {
+          if (block_id == succ)
+            single_block_loop = true;
+        });
+    block_info->single_block_loop = single_block_loop;
+    const auto ct = block_info->continue_for_header;
+    if (single_block_loop && ct != block_id) {
+      return Fail() << "Block " << block_id
+                    << " branches to itself but is not its own continue target";
+    } else if (!single_block_loop && ct == block_id) {
+      return Fail() << "Loop header block " << block_id
+                    << " declares itself as its own continue target, but "
+                       "does not branch to itself";
+    }
+  }
+  return success();
+}
+
 void FunctionEmitter::ComputeBlockOrderAndPositions() {
   block_order_ = StructuredTraverser(function_).ReverseStructuredPostOrder();
 
diff --git a/src/reader/spirv/function.h b/src/reader/spirv/function.h
index fcea97a..73d8cd8 100644
--- a/src/reader/spirv/function.h
+++ b/src/reader/spirv/function.h
@@ -51,6 +51,20 @@
 
   /// The position of this block in the reverse structured post-order.
   uint32_t pos = 0;
+
+  /// If this block is a header, then this is the ID of the merge block.
+  uint32_t merge_for_header = 0;
+  /// If this block is a loop header, then this is the ID of the continue
+  /// target.
+  uint32_t continue_for_header = 0;
+  /// If this block is a merge, then this is the ID of the header.
+  uint32_t header_for_merge = 0;
+  /// If this block is a continue target, then this is the ID of the loop
+  /// header.
+  uint32_t header_for_continue = 0;
+  /// Is this block a single-block loop: A loop header that declares itself
+  /// as its own continue target, and has branch to itself.
+  bool single_block_loop = false;
 };
 
 /// A FunctionEmitter emits a SPIR-V function onto a Tint AST module.
@@ -99,6 +113,13 @@
   /// @returns true if terminators are sane
   bool TerminatorsAreSane();
 
+  /// Populates merge-header cross-links and the |single_block_loop| member
+  /// of BlockInfo.  Also verifies that merge instructions go to blocks in
+  /// the same function.  Assumes basic blocks have been registered, and
+  /// terminators are sane.
+  /// @returns false if registration fails
+  bool RegisterMerges();
+
   /// Determines the output order for the basic blocks in the function.
   /// Populates |block_order_| and the |pos| block info member.
   /// Assumes basic blocks have been registered.
diff --git a/src/reader/spirv/function_cfg_test.cc b/src/reader/spirv/function_cfg_test.cc
index d742355..6e0ae03 100644
--- a/src/reader/spirv/function_cfg_test.cc
+++ b/src/reader/spirv/function_cfg_test.cc
@@ -44,6 +44,8 @@
 
     %uint = OpTypeInt 32 0
     %selector = OpUndef %uint
+
+    %999 = OpConstant %uint 999
   )";
 }
 
@@ -249,7 +251,7 @@
      %100 = OpFunction %void None %voidfn
 
      %10 = OpLabel
-     OpBranch %void ; definitely wrong
+     OpBranch %999 ; definitely wrong
 
      OpFunctionEnd
   )"));
@@ -257,8 +259,9 @@
   FunctionEmitter fe(p, *spirv_function(100));
   fe.RegisterBasicBlocks();
   EXPECT_FALSE(fe.TerminatorsAreSane());
-  EXPECT_THAT(p->error(), Eq("Block 10 in function 100 branches to 1 which is "
-                             "not a block in the function"));
+  EXPECT_THAT(p->error(),
+              Eq("Block 10 in function 100 branches to 999 which is "
+                 "not a block in the function"));
 }
 
 TEST_F(SpvParserTest, TerminatorsAreSane_DisallowBlockInDifferentFunction) {
@@ -286,6 +289,596 @@
                              "is not a block in the function"));
 }
 
+TEST_F(SpvParserTest, RegisterMerges_NoMerges) {
+  auto* p = parser(test::Assemble(CommonTypes() + R"(
+     %100 = OpFunction %void None %voidfn
+
+     %10 = OpLabel
+     OpReturn
+
+     OpFunctionEnd
+  )"));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p->BuildAndParseInternalModuleExceptFunctions()) << p->error();
+  FunctionEmitter fe(p, *spirv_function(100));
+  fe.RegisterBasicBlocks();
+  EXPECT_TRUE(fe.RegisterMerges());
+
+  const auto* bi = fe.GetBlockInfo(10);
+  ASSERT_NE(bi, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi->merge_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi->continue_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi->header_for_merge, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi->header_for_continue, 0u);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(bi->single_block_loop);
+}
+
+TEST_F(SpvParserTest, RegisterMerges_GoodSelectionMerge_BranchConditional) {
+  auto* p = parser(test::Assemble(CommonTypes() + R"(
+     %100 = OpFunction %void None %voidfn
+
+     %10 = OpLabel
+     OpSelectionMerge %99 None
+     OpBranchConditional %cond %20 %99
+
+     %20 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %99
+
+     %99 = OpLabel
+     OpReturn
+
+     OpFunctionEnd
+  )"));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p->BuildAndParseInternalModuleExceptFunctions()) << p->error();
+  FunctionEmitter fe(p, *spirv_function(100));
+  fe.RegisterBasicBlocks();
+  EXPECT_TRUE(fe.RegisterMerges());
+
+  // Header points to the merge
+  const auto* bi10 = fe.GetBlockInfo(10);
+  ASSERT_NE(bi10, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi10->merge_for_header, 99u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi10->continue_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi10->header_for_merge, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi10->header_for_continue, 0u);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(bi10->single_block_loop);
+
+  // Middle block is neither header nor merge
+  const auto* bi20 = fe.GetBlockInfo(20);
+  ASSERT_NE(bi20, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi20->merge_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi20->continue_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi20->header_for_merge, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi20->header_for_continue, 0u);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(bi20->single_block_loop);
+
+  // Merge block points to the header
+  const auto* bi99 = fe.GetBlockInfo(99);
+  ASSERT_NE(bi99, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi99->merge_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi99->continue_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi99->header_for_merge, 10u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi99->header_for_continue, 0u);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(bi99->single_block_loop);
+}
+
+TEST_F(SpvParserTest, RegisterMerges_GoodSelectionMerge_Switch) {
+  auto* p = parser(test::Assemble(CommonTypes() + R"(
+     %100 = OpFunction %void None %voidfn
+
+     %10 = OpLabel
+     OpSelectionMerge %99 None
+     OpSwitch %selector %99 20 %20
+
+     %20 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %99
+
+     %99 = OpLabel
+     OpReturn
+
+     OpFunctionEnd
+  )"));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p->BuildAndParseInternalModuleExceptFunctions()) << p->error();
+  FunctionEmitter fe(p, *spirv_function(100));
+  fe.RegisterBasicBlocks();
+  EXPECT_TRUE(fe.RegisterMerges());
+
+  // Header points to the merge
+  const auto* bi10 = fe.GetBlockInfo(10);
+  ASSERT_NE(bi10, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi10->merge_for_header, 99u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi10->continue_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi10->header_for_merge, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi10->header_for_continue, 0u);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(bi10->single_block_loop);
+
+  // Middle block is neither header nor merge
+  const auto* bi20 = fe.GetBlockInfo(20);
+  ASSERT_NE(bi20, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi20->merge_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi20->continue_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi20->header_for_merge, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi20->header_for_continue, 0u);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(bi20->single_block_loop);
+
+  // Merge block points to the header
+  const auto* bi99 = fe.GetBlockInfo(99);
+  ASSERT_NE(bi99, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi99->merge_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi99->continue_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi99->header_for_merge, 10u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi99->header_for_continue, 0u);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(bi99->single_block_loop);
+}
+
+TEST_F(SpvParserTest, RegisterMerges_GoodLoopMerge_SingleBlockLoop) {
+  auto* p = parser(test::Assemble(CommonTypes() + R"(
+     %100 = OpFunction %void None %voidfn
+
+     %10 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %20
+
+     %20 = OpLabel
+     OpLoopMerge %99 %20 None
+     OpBranchConditional %cond %20 %99
+
+     %99 = OpLabel
+     OpReturn
+
+     OpFunctionEnd
+  )"));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p->BuildAndParseInternalModuleExceptFunctions()) << p->error();
+  FunctionEmitter fe(p, *spirv_function(100));
+  fe.RegisterBasicBlocks();
+  EXPECT_TRUE(fe.RegisterMerges());
+
+  // Entry block is not special
+  const auto* bi10 = fe.GetBlockInfo(10);
+  ASSERT_NE(bi10, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi10->merge_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi10->continue_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi10->header_for_merge, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi10->header_for_continue, 0u);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(bi10->single_block_loop);
+
+  // Single block loop is its own continue, and marked as single block loop.
+  const auto* bi20 = fe.GetBlockInfo(20);
+  ASSERT_NE(bi20, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi20->merge_for_header, 99u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi20->continue_for_header, 20u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi20->header_for_merge, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi20->header_for_continue, 20u);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(bi20->single_block_loop);
+
+  // Merge block points to the header
+  const auto* bi99 = fe.GetBlockInfo(99);
+  ASSERT_NE(bi99, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi99->merge_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi99->continue_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi99->header_for_merge, 20u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi99->header_for_continue, 0u);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(bi99->single_block_loop);
+}
+
+TEST_F(SpvParserTest, RegisterMerges_GoodLoopMerge_MultiBlockLoop_Branch) {
+  auto* p = parser(test::Assemble(CommonTypes() + R"(
+     %100 = OpFunction %void None %voidfn
+
+     %10 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %20
+
+     %20 = OpLabel
+     OpLoopMerge %99 %40 None
+     OpBranch %30
+
+     %30 = OpLabel
+     OpBranchConditional %cond %40 %99
+
+     %40 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %20
+
+     %99 = OpLabel
+     OpReturn
+
+     OpFunctionEnd
+  )"));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p->BuildAndParseInternalModuleExceptFunctions()) << p->error();
+  FunctionEmitter fe(p, *spirv_function(100));
+  fe.RegisterBasicBlocks();
+  EXPECT_TRUE(fe.RegisterMerges());
+
+  // Loop header points to continue and merge
+  const auto* bi20 = fe.GetBlockInfo(20);
+  ASSERT_NE(bi20, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi20->merge_for_header, 99u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi20->continue_for_header, 40u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi20->header_for_merge, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi20->header_for_continue, 0u);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(bi20->single_block_loop);
+
+  // Continue block points to header
+  const auto* bi40 = fe.GetBlockInfo(40);
+  ASSERT_NE(bi40, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi40->merge_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi40->continue_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi40->header_for_merge, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi40->header_for_continue, 20u);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(bi40->single_block_loop);
+
+  // Merge block points to the header
+  const auto* bi99 = fe.GetBlockInfo(99);
+  ASSERT_NE(bi99, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi99->merge_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi99->continue_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi99->header_for_merge, 20u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi99->header_for_continue, 0u);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(bi99->single_block_loop);
+}
+
+TEST_F(SpvParserTest,
+       RegisterMerges_GoodLoopMerge_MultiBlockLoop_BranchConditional) {
+  auto* p = parser(test::Assemble(CommonTypes() + R"(
+     %100 = OpFunction %void None %voidfn
+
+     %10 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %20
+
+     %20 = OpLabel
+     OpLoopMerge %99 %40 None
+     OpBranchConditional %cond %30 %99
+
+     %30 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %40
+
+     %40 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %20
+
+     %99 = OpLabel
+     OpReturn
+
+     OpFunctionEnd
+  )"));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p->BuildAndParseInternalModuleExceptFunctions()) << p->error();
+  FunctionEmitter fe(p, *spirv_function(100));
+  fe.RegisterBasicBlocks();
+  EXPECT_TRUE(fe.RegisterMerges());
+
+  // Loop header points to continue and merge
+  const auto* bi20 = fe.GetBlockInfo(20);
+  ASSERT_NE(bi20, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi20->merge_for_header, 99u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi20->continue_for_header, 40u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi20->header_for_merge, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi20->header_for_continue, 0u);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(bi20->single_block_loop);
+
+  // Continue block points to header
+  const auto* bi40 = fe.GetBlockInfo(40);
+  ASSERT_NE(bi40, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi40->merge_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi40->continue_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi40->header_for_merge, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi40->header_for_continue, 20u);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(bi40->single_block_loop);
+
+  // Merge block points to the header
+  const auto* bi99 = fe.GetBlockInfo(99);
+  ASSERT_NE(bi99, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi99->merge_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi99->continue_for_header, 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi99->header_for_merge, 20u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(bi99->header_for_continue, 0u);
+  EXPECT_FALSE(bi99->single_block_loop);
+}
+
+TEST_F(SpvParserTest, RegisterMerges_SelectionMerge_BadTerminator) {
+  auto* p = parser(test::Assemble(CommonTypes() + R"(
+     %100 = OpFunction %void None %voidfn
+
+     %10 = OpLabel
+     OpSelectionMerge %99 None
+     OpBranch %30
+
+     %20 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %99
+
+     %99 = OpLabel
+     OpReturn
+
+     OpFunctionEnd
+  )"));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p->BuildAndParseInternalModuleExceptFunctions()) << p->error();
+  FunctionEmitter fe(p, *spirv_function(100));
+  fe.RegisterBasicBlocks();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(fe.RegisterMerges());
+  EXPECT_THAT(p->error(), Eq("Selection header 10 does not end in an "
+                             "OpBranchConditional or OpSwitch instruction"));
+}
+
+TEST_F(SpvParserTest, RegisterMerges_LoopMerge_BadTerminator) {
+  auto* p = parser(test::Assemble(CommonTypes() + R"(
+     %100 = OpFunction %void None %voidfn
+
+     %10 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %20
+
+     %20 = OpLabel
+     OpLoopMerge %99 %40 None
+     OpSwitch %selector %99 30 %30
+
+     %30 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %20
+
+     %99 = OpLabel
+     OpReturn
+
+     OpFunctionEnd
+  )"));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p->BuildAndParseInternalModuleExceptFunctions()) << p->error();
+  FunctionEmitter fe(p, *spirv_function(100));
+  fe.RegisterBasicBlocks();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(fe.RegisterMerges());
+  EXPECT_THAT(p->error(), Eq("Loop header 20 does not end in an OpBranch or "
+                             "OpBranchConditional instruction"));
+}
+
+TEST_F(SpvParserTest, RegisterMerges_BadMergeBlock) {
+  auto* p = parser(test::Assemble(CommonTypes() + R"(
+     %100 = OpFunction %void None %voidfn
+
+     %10 = OpLabel
+     OpSelectionMerge %void None
+     OpBranchConditional %cond %30 %99
+
+     %30 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %99
+
+     %99 = OpLabel
+     OpReturn
+
+     OpFunctionEnd
+  )"));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p->BuildAndParseInternalModuleExceptFunctions()) << p->error();
+  FunctionEmitter fe(p, *spirv_function(100));
+  fe.RegisterBasicBlocks();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(fe.RegisterMerges());
+  EXPECT_THAT(p->error(),
+              Eq("Structured header block 10 declares invalid merge block 1"));
+}
+
+TEST_F(SpvParserTest, RegisterMerges_HeaderIsItsOwnMerge) {
+  auto* p = parser(test::Assemble(CommonTypes() + R"(
+     %100 = OpFunction %void None %voidfn
+
+     %10 = OpLabel
+     OpSelectionMerge %10 None
+     OpBranchConditional %cond %30 %99
+
+     %30 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %99
+
+     %99 = OpLabel
+     OpReturn
+
+     OpFunctionEnd
+  )"));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p->BuildAndParseInternalModuleExceptFunctions()) << p->error();
+  FunctionEmitter fe(p, *spirv_function(100));
+  fe.RegisterBasicBlocks();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(fe.RegisterMerges());
+  EXPECT_THAT(p->error(),
+              Eq("Structured header block 10 cannot be its own merge block"));
+}
+
+TEST_F(SpvParserTest, RegisterMerges_MergeReused) {
+  auto* p = parser(test::Assemble(CommonTypes() + R"(
+     %100 = OpFunction %void None %voidfn
+
+     %10 = OpLabel
+     OpSelectionMerge %49 None
+     OpBranchConditional %cond %20 %49
+
+     %20 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %49
+
+     %49 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %50
+
+     %50 = OpLabel
+     OpSelectionMerge %49 None  ; can't reuse merge block
+     OpBranchConditional %cond %60 %99
+
+     %60 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %99
+
+     %99 = OpLabel
+     OpReturn
+
+     OpFunctionEnd
+  )"));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p->BuildAndParseInternalModuleExceptFunctions()) << p->error();
+  FunctionEmitter fe(p, *spirv_function(100));
+  fe.RegisterBasicBlocks();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(fe.RegisterMerges());
+  EXPECT_THAT(
+      p->error(),
+      Eq("Block 49 declared as merge block for more than one header: 10, 50"));
+}
+
+TEST_F(SpvParserTest, RegisterMerges_EntryBlockIsLoopHeader) {
+  auto* p = parser(test::Assemble(CommonTypes() + R"(
+     %100 = OpFunction %void None %voidfn
+
+     %10 = OpLabel
+     OpLoopMerge %99 %30 None
+     OpBranchConditional %cond %10 %99
+
+     %30 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %10
+
+     %99 = OpLabel
+     OpReturn
+
+     OpFunctionEnd
+  )"));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p->BuildAndParseInternalModuleExceptFunctions()) << p->error();
+  FunctionEmitter fe(p, *spirv_function(100));
+  fe.RegisterBasicBlocks();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(fe.RegisterMerges());
+  EXPECT_THAT(p->error(),
+              Eq("Function entry block 10 cannot be a loop header"));
+}
+
+TEST_F(SpvParserTest, RegisterMerges_BadContinueTarget) {
+  auto* p = parser(test::Assemble(CommonTypes() + R"(
+     %100 = OpFunction %void None %voidfn
+
+     %10 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %20
+
+     %20 = OpLabel
+     OpLoopMerge %99 %999 None
+     OpBranchConditional %cond %20 %99
+
+     %99 = OpLabel
+     OpReturn
+
+     OpFunctionEnd
+  )"));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p->BuildAndParseInternalModuleExceptFunctions()) << p->error();
+  FunctionEmitter fe(p, *spirv_function(100));
+  fe.RegisterBasicBlocks();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(fe.RegisterMerges());
+  EXPECT_THAT(p->error(),
+              Eq("Structured header 20 declares invalid continue target 999"));
+}
+
+TEST_F(SpvParserTest, RegisterMerges_MergeSameAsContinue) {
+  auto* p = parser(test::Assemble(CommonTypes() + R"(
+     %100 = OpFunction %void None %voidfn
+
+     %10 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %20
+
+     %20 = OpLabel
+     OpLoopMerge %50 %50 None
+     OpBranchConditional %cond %20 %99
+
+
+     %50 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %20
+
+     %99 = OpLabel
+     OpReturn
+
+     OpFunctionEnd
+  )"));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p->BuildAndParseInternalModuleExceptFunctions()) << p->error();
+  FunctionEmitter fe(p, *spirv_function(100));
+  fe.RegisterBasicBlocks();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(fe.RegisterMerges());
+  EXPECT_THAT(p->error(),
+              Eq("Invalid structured header block 20: declares block 50 as "
+                 "both its merge block and continue target"));
+}
+
+TEST_F(SpvParserTest, RegisterMerges_ContinueReused) {
+  auto* p = parser(test::Assemble(CommonTypes() + R"(
+     %100 = OpFunction %void None %voidfn
+
+     %10 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %20
+
+     %20 = OpLabel
+     OpLoopMerge %49 %40 None
+     OpBranchConditional %cond %30 %49
+
+     %30 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %40
+
+     %40 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %20
+
+     %49 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %50
+
+     %50 = OpLabel
+     OpLoopMerge %99 %40 None
+     OpBranchConditional %cond %60 %99
+
+     %60 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %70
+
+     %70 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %50
+
+     %99 = OpLabel
+     OpReturn
+
+     OpFunctionEnd
+  )"));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p->BuildAndParseInternalModuleExceptFunctions()) << p->error();
+  FunctionEmitter fe(p, *spirv_function(100));
+  fe.RegisterBasicBlocks();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(fe.RegisterMerges());
+  EXPECT_THAT(p->error(), Eq("Block 40 declared as continue target for more "
+                             "than one header: 20, 50"));
+}
+
+TEST_F(SpvParserTest, RegisterMerges_SingleBlockLoop_NotItsOwnContinue) {
+  auto* p = parser(test::Assemble(CommonTypes() + R"(
+     %100 = OpFunction %void None %voidfn
+
+     %10 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %20
+
+     %20 = OpLabel
+     OpLoopMerge %99 %30 None
+     OpBranchConditional %cond %20 %99
+
+     %30 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %20
+
+     %99 = OpLabel
+     OpReturn
+
+     OpFunctionEnd
+  )"));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p->BuildAndParseInternalModuleExceptFunctions()) << p->error();
+  FunctionEmitter fe(p, *spirv_function(100));
+  fe.RegisterBasicBlocks();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(fe.RegisterMerges());
+  EXPECT_THAT(
+      p->error(),
+      Eq("Block 20 branches to itself but is not its own continue target"));
+}
+
+TEST_F(SpvParserTest, RegisterMerges_NotSingleBlockLoop_IsItsOwnContinue) {
+  auto* p = parser(test::Assemble(CommonTypes() + R"(
+     %100 = OpFunction %void None %voidfn
+
+     %10 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %20
+
+     %20 = OpLabel
+     OpLoopMerge %99 %20 None
+     OpBranchConditional %cond %30 %99
+
+     %30 = OpLabel
+     OpBranch %20
+
+     %99 = OpLabel
+     OpReturn
+
+     OpFunctionEnd
+  )"));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p->BuildAndParseInternalModuleExceptFunctions()) << p->error();
+  FunctionEmitter fe(p, *spirv_function(100));
+  fe.RegisterBasicBlocks();
+  EXPECT_FALSE(fe.RegisterMerges());
+  EXPECT_THAT(p->error(), Eq("Loop header block 20 declares itself as its own "
+                             "continue target, but does not branch to itself"));
+}
+
 TEST_F(SpvParserTest, ComputeBlockOrder_OneBlock) {
   auto* p = parser(test::Assemble(CommonTypes() + R"(
      %100 = OpFunction %void None %voidfn