Implement Default Struct Layout

Implements https://github.com/gpuweb/gpuweb/pull/1447

SPIR-V Reader is still TODO, but continues to function as the offset
decoration is still supported.

Bug: tint:626
Bug: tint:629
Change-Id: Id574eb3a5c6729559382812de37b23f0c68fd406
Reviewed-on: https://dawn-review.googlesource.com/c/tint/+/43640
Commit-Queue: Ben Clayton <bclayton@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: David Neto <dneto@google.com>
diff --git a/src/resolver/is_storeable_test.cc b/src/resolver/is_storeable_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e11d539
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/resolver/is_storeable_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+// Copyright 2021 The Tint Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "src/resolver/resolver.h"
+
+#include "gmock/gmock.h"
+#include "src/resolver/resolver_test_helper.h"
+
+namespace tint {
+namespace resolver {
+namespace {
+
+using ResolverIsStorableTest = ResolverTest;
+
+TEST_F(ResolverIsStorableTest, Void) {
+  auto* void_ty = ty.void_();
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(r()->IsStorable(void_ty));
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverIsStorableTest, Scalar) {
+  auto* bool_ = ty.bool_();
+  auto* i32 = ty.i32();
+  auto* u32 = ty.u32();
+  auto* f32 = ty.f32();
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(bool_));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(i32));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(u32));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(f32));
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverIsStorableTest, Vector) {
+  auto* vec2_i32 = ty.vec2<int>();
+  auto* vec3_i32 = ty.vec3<int>();
+  auto* vec4_i32 = ty.vec4<int>();
+  auto* vec2_u32 = ty.vec2<unsigned>();
+  auto* vec3_u32 = ty.vec3<unsigned>();
+  auto* vec4_u32 = ty.vec4<unsigned>();
+  auto* vec2_f32 = ty.vec2<float>();
+  auto* vec3_f32 = ty.vec3<float>();
+  auto* vec4_f32 = ty.vec4<float>();
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(vec2_i32));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(vec3_i32));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(vec4_i32));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(vec2_u32));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(vec3_u32));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(vec4_u32));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(vec2_f32));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(vec3_f32));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(vec4_f32));
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverIsStorableTest, Matrix) {
+  auto* mat2x2 = ty.mat2x2<float>();
+  auto* mat2x3 = ty.mat2x3<float>();
+  auto* mat2x4 = ty.mat2x4<float>();
+  auto* mat3x2 = ty.mat3x2<float>();
+  auto* mat3x3 = ty.mat3x3<float>();
+  auto* mat3x4 = ty.mat3x4<float>();
+  auto* mat4x2 = ty.mat4x2<float>();
+  auto* mat4x3 = ty.mat4x3<float>();
+  auto* mat4x4 = ty.mat4x4<float>();
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(mat2x2));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(mat2x3));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(mat2x4));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(mat3x2));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(mat3x3));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(mat3x4));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(mat4x2));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(mat4x3));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(mat4x4));
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverIsStorableTest, Pointer) {
+  auto* ptr_ty = ty.pointer<int>(ast::StorageClass::kPrivate);
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(r()->IsStorable(ptr_ty));
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverIsStorableTest, AliasVoid) {
+  auto* alias = ty.alias("myalias", ty.void_());
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(r()->IsStorable(alias));
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverIsStorableTest, AliasI32) {
+  auto* alias = ty.alias("myalias", ty.i32());
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(alias));
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverIsStorableTest, ArraySizedOfStorable) {
+  auto* arr = ty.array(ty.i32(), 5);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(arr));
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverIsStorableTest, ArrayUnsizedOfStorable) {
+  auto* arr = ty.array<int>();
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(arr));
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverIsStorableTest, Struct_AllMembersStorable) {
+  ast::StructMemberList members{Member("a", ty.i32()), Member("b", ty.f32())};
+  auto* s = create<ast::Struct>(Source{}, members, ast::DecorationList{});
+  auto* s_ty = ty.struct_("mystruct", s);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(r()->IsStorable(s_ty));
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverIsStorableTest, Struct_SomeMembersNonStorable) {
+  auto* ptr_ty = ty.pointer<int>(ast::StorageClass::kPrivate);
+  ast::StructMemberList members{Member("a", ty.i32()), Member("b", ptr_ty)};
+  auto* s = create<ast::Struct>(Source{}, members, ast::DecorationList{});
+  auto* s_ty = ty.struct_("mystruct", s);
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(r()->IsStorable(s_ty));
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+}  // namespace resolver
+}  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/resolver/resolver.cc b/src/resolver/resolver.cc
index 24ea098..ddec567 100644
--- a/src/resolver/resolver.cc
+++ b/src/resolver/resolver.cc
@@ -30,11 +30,14 @@
 #include "src/ast/switch_statement.h"
 #include "src/ast/unary_op_expression.h"
 #include "src/ast/variable_decl_statement.h"
+#include "src/semantic/array.h"
 #include "src/semantic/call.h"
 #include "src/semantic/function.h"
 #include "src/semantic/member_accessor_expression.h"
 #include "src/semantic/statement.h"
+#include "src/semantic/struct.h"
 #include "src/semantic/variable.h"
+#include "src/type/access_control_type.h"
 
 namespace tint {
 namespace resolver {
@@ -59,6 +62,20 @@
   T old_value_;
 };
 
+/// Rounds `value` to the next multiple of `alignment`
+/// Assumes `alignment` is positive.
+template <typename T>
+T RoundUp(T alignment, T value) {
+  return ((value + alignment - 1) / alignment) * alignment;
+}
+
+/// Returns true if `value` is a power-of-two.
+/// Assumes `alignment` is positive.
+template <typename T>
+bool IsPowerOfTwo(T value) {
+  return (value & (value - 1)) == 0;
+}
+
 }  // namespace
 
 Resolver::Resolver(ProgramBuilder* builder)
@@ -98,7 +115,47 @@
   return result;
 }
 
+bool Resolver::IsStorable(type::Type* type) {
+  if (type == nullptr) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (type->is_scalar() || type->Is<type::Vector>() ||
+      type->Is<type::Matrix>()) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (type::Array* array_type = type->As<type::Array>()) {
+    return IsStorable(array_type->type());
+  }
+  if (type::Struct* struct_type = type->As<type::Struct>()) {
+    for (const auto* member : struct_type->impl()->members()) {
+      if (!IsStorable(member->type())) {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (type::Alias* alias_type = type->As<type::Alias>()) {
+    return IsStorable(alias_type->type());
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
 bool Resolver::ResolveInternal() {
+  for (auto* ty : builder_->Types()) {
+    if (auto* str = ty->As<type::Struct>()) {
+      if (!Structure(str)) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (auto* arr = ty->As<type::Array>()) {
+      if (!Array(arr)) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+  }
+
   for (auto* var : builder_->AST().GlobalVariables()) {
     variable_stack_.set_global(var->symbol(), CreateVariableInfo(var));
 
@@ -962,6 +1019,204 @@
   }
 }
 
+bool Resolver::DefaultAlignAndSize(type::Type* ty,
+                                   uint32_t& align,
+                                   uint32_t& size) {
+  static constexpr uint32_t vector_size[] = {
+      /* padding */ 0,
+      /* padding */ 0,
+      /*vec2*/ 8,
+      /*vec3*/ 12,
+      /*vec4*/ 16,
+  };
+  static constexpr uint32_t vector_align[] = {
+      /* padding */ 0,
+      /* padding */ 0,
+      /*vec2*/ 8,
+      /*vec3*/ 16,
+      /*vec4*/ 16,
+  };
+
+  ty = ty->UnwrapAliasIfNeeded();
+  if (ty->is_scalar()) {
+    // Note: Also captures booleans, but these are not host-sharable.
+    align = 4;
+    size = 4;
+    return true;
+  } else if (auto* vec = ty->As<type::Vector>()) {
+    if (vec->size() < 2 || vec->size() > 4) {
+      TINT_UNREACHABLE(diagnostics_)
+          << "Invalid vector size: vec" << vec->size();
+      return false;
+    }
+    align = vector_align[vec->size()];
+    size = vector_size[vec->size()];
+    return true;
+  } else if (auto* mat = ty->As<type::Matrix>()) {
+    if (mat->columns() < 2 || mat->columns() > 4 || mat->rows() < 2 ||
+        mat->rows() > 4) {
+      TINT_UNREACHABLE(diagnostics_)
+          << "Invalid matrix size: mat" << mat->columns() << "x" << mat->rows();
+      return false;
+    }
+    align = vector_align[mat->rows()];
+    size = vector_align[mat->rows()] * mat->columns();
+    return true;
+  } else if (auto* s = ty->As<type::Struct>()) {
+    if (auto* sem = Structure(s)) {
+      align = sem->Align();
+      size = sem->Size();
+      return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  } else if (auto* arr = ty->As<type::Array>()) {
+    if (auto* sem = Array(arr)) {
+      align = sem->Align();
+      size = sem->Size();
+      return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+  TINT_UNREACHABLE(diagnostics_) << "Invalid type " << ty->TypeInfo().name;
+  return false;
+}
+
+const semantic::Array* Resolver::Array(type::Array* arr) {
+  if (auto* sem = builder_->Sem().Get(arr)) {
+    // Semantic info already constructed for this array type
+    return sem;
+  }
+
+  // First check the element type is legal
+  auto* el_ty = arr->type();
+  if (!IsStorable(el_ty)) {
+    builder_->Diagnostics().add_error(
+        std::string(el_ty->FriendlyName(builder_->Symbols())) +
+        " cannot be used as an element type of an array");
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  auto create_semantic = [&](uint32_t stride) -> semantic::Array* {
+    uint32_t el_align = 0;
+    uint32_t el_size = 0;
+    if (!DefaultAlignAndSize(arr->type(), el_align, el_size)) {
+      return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    auto align = el_align;
+    // WebGPU requires runtime arrays have at least one element, but the AST
+    // records an element count of 0 for it.
+    auto size = std::max<uint32_t>(arr->size(), 1) * stride;
+    auto* sem = builder_->create<semantic::Array>(arr, align, size, stride);
+    builder_->Sem().Add(arr, sem);
+    return sem;
+  };
+
+  // Look for explicit stride via [[stride(n)]] decoration
+  for (auto* deco : arr->decorations()) {
+    if (auto* stride = deco->As<ast::StrideDecoration>()) {
+      return create_semantic(stride->stride());
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Calculate implicit stride
+  uint32_t el_align = 0;
+  uint32_t el_size = 0;
+  if (!DefaultAlignAndSize(el_ty, el_align, el_size)) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  return create_semantic(RoundUp(el_align, el_size));
+}
+
+const semantic::Struct* Resolver::Structure(type::Struct* str) {
+  if (auto* sem = builder_->Sem().Get(str)) {
+    // Semantic info already constructed for this structure type
+    return sem;
+  }
+
+  semantic::StructMemberList sem_members;
+  sem_members.reserve(str->impl()->members().size());
+
+  // Calculate the effective size and alignment of each field, and the overall
+  // size of the structure.
+  // For size, use the size attribute if provided, otherwise use the default
+  // size for the type.
+  // For alignment, use the alignment attribute if provided, otherwise use the
+  // default alignment for the member type.
+  // Diagnostic errors are raised if a basic rule is violated.
+  // Validation of storage-class rules requires analysing the actual variable
+  // usage of the structure, and so is performed as part of the variable
+  // validation.
+  // TODO(crbug.com/tint/628): Actually implement storage-class validation.
+  uint32_t struct_size = 0;
+  uint32_t struct_align = 1;
+
+  for (auto* member : str->impl()->members()) {
+    // First check the member type is legal
+    if (!IsStorable(member->type())) {
+      builder_->Diagnostics().add_error(
+          std::string(member->type()->FriendlyName(builder_->Symbols())) +
+          " cannot be used as the type of a structure member");
+      return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    uint32_t offset = struct_size;
+    uint32_t align = 0;
+    uint32_t size = 0;
+    if (!DefaultAlignAndSize(member->type(), align, size)) {
+      return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    for (auto* deco : member->decorations()) {
+      if (auto* o = deco->As<ast::StructMemberOffsetDecoration>()) {
+        // [DEPRECATED]
+        if (o->offset() < struct_size) {
+          diagnostics_.add_error("offsets must be in ascending order",
+                                 o->source());
+          return nullptr;
+        }
+        offset = o->offset();
+        align = 1;
+      } else if (auto* a = deco->As<ast::StructMemberAlignDecoration>()) {
+        if (a->align() <= 0 || !IsPowerOfTwo(a->align())) {
+          diagnostics_.add_error(
+              "align value must be a positive, power-of-two integer",
+              a->source());
+          return nullptr;
+        }
+        align = a->align();
+      } else if (auto* s = deco->As<ast::StructMemberSizeDecoration>()) {
+        if (s->size() < size) {
+          diagnostics_.add_error(
+              "size must be at least as big as the type's size (" +
+                  std::to_string(size) + ")",
+              s->source());
+          return nullptr;
+        }
+        size = s->size();
+      }
+    }
+
+    offset = RoundUp(align, offset);
+
+    auto* sem_member =
+        builder_->create<semantic::StructMember>(member, offset, size);
+    builder_->Sem().Add(member, sem_member);
+    sem_members.emplace_back(sem_member);
+
+    struct_size = offset + size;
+    struct_align = std::max(struct_align, align);
+  }
+
+  struct_size = RoundUp(struct_align, struct_size);
+
+  auto* sem = builder_->create<semantic::Struct>(str, std::move(sem_members),
+                                                 struct_align, struct_size);
+  builder_->Sem().Add(str, sem);
+  return sem;
+}
+
 template <typename F>
 bool Resolver::BlockScope(BlockInfo::Type type, F&& callback) {
   BlockInfo block_info(type, current_block_);
diff --git a/src/resolver/resolver.h b/src/resolver/resolver.h
index b2e5bae..485bff8 100644
--- a/src/resolver/resolver.h
+++ b/src/resolver/resolver.h
@@ -42,8 +42,12 @@
 class Variable;
 }  // namespace ast
 namespace semantic {
+class Array;
 class Statement;
 }  // namespace semantic
+namespace type {
+class Struct;
+}  // namespace type
 
 namespace resolver {
 
@@ -63,6 +67,10 @@
   /// @returns true if the resolver was successful
   bool Resolve();
 
+  /// @param type the given type
+  /// @returns true if the given type is storable.
+  static bool IsStorable(type::Type* type);
+
  private:
   /// Structure holding semantic information about a variable.
   /// Used to build the semantic::Variable nodes at the end of resolving.
@@ -141,41 +149,6 @@
   /// @returns true on success, false on error
   bool ResolveInternal();
 
-  /// Resolves functions
-  /// @param funcs the functions to check
-  /// @returns true on success, false on error
-  bool Functions(const ast::FunctionList& funcs);
-  /// Resolves a function. Requires all dependency
-  /// (callee) functions to have DetermineFunction() called on them first.
-  /// @param func the function to check
-  /// @returns true on success, false on error
-  bool Function(ast::Function* func);
-  /// Resolves a block statement
-  /// @param stmt the block statement
-  /// @returns true if determination was successful
-  bool BlockStatement(const ast::BlockStatement* stmt);
-  /// Resolves the list of statements
-  /// @param stmts the statements to resolve
-  /// @returns true on success, false on error
-  bool Statements(const ast::StatementList& stmts);
-  /// Resolves a statement
-  /// @param stmt the statement to check
-  /// @returns true on success, false on error
-  bool Statement(ast::Statement* stmt);
-  /// Resolves an expression list
-  /// @param list the expression list to check
-  /// @returns true on success, false on error
-  bool Expressions(const ast::ExpressionList& list);
-  /// Resolves an expression
-  /// @param expr the expression to check
-  /// @returns true on success, false on error
-  bool Expression(ast::Expression* expr);
-  /// Resolves the storage class for variables. This assumes that it is only
-  /// called for things in function scope, not module scope.
-  /// @param stmt the statement to check
-  /// @returns false on error
-  bool VariableStorageClass(ast::Statement* stmt);
-
   /// Creates the nodes and adds them to the semantic::Info mappings of the
   /// ProgramBuilder.
   void CreateSemanticNodes() const;
@@ -195,20 +168,43 @@
 
   void set_referenced_from_function_if_needed(VariableInfo* var, bool local);
 
-  bool ArrayAccessor(ast::ArrayAccessorExpression* expr);
-  bool Binary(ast::BinaryExpression* expr);
-  bool Bitcast(ast::BitcastExpression* expr);
-  bool Call(ast::CallExpression* expr);
-  bool CaseStatement(ast::CaseStatement* stmt);
-  bool Constructor(ast::ConstructorExpression* expr);
-  bool Identifier(ast::IdentifierExpression* expr);
-  bool IfStatement(ast::IfStatement* stmt);
-  bool IntrinsicCall(ast::CallExpression* call,
-                     semantic::IntrinsicType intrinsic_type);
-  bool MemberAccessor(ast::MemberAccessorExpression* expr);
-  bool UnaryOp(ast::UnaryOpExpression* expr);
+  // AST and Type traversal methods
+  // Each return true on success, false on failure.
+  bool ArrayAccessor(ast::ArrayAccessorExpression*);
+  bool Binary(ast::BinaryExpression*);
+  bool Bitcast(ast::BitcastExpression*);
+  bool BlockStatement(const ast::BlockStatement*);
+  bool Call(ast::CallExpression*);
+  bool CaseStatement(ast::CaseStatement*);
+  bool Constructor(ast::ConstructorExpression*);
+  bool Expression(ast::Expression*);
+  bool Expressions(const ast::ExpressionList&);
+  bool Function(ast::Function*);
+  bool Functions(const ast::FunctionList&);
+  bool Identifier(ast::IdentifierExpression*);
+  bool IfStatement(ast::IfStatement*);
+  bool IntrinsicCall(ast::CallExpression*, semantic::IntrinsicType);
+  bool MemberAccessor(ast::MemberAccessorExpression*);
+  bool Statement(ast::Statement*);
+  bool Statements(const ast::StatementList&);
+  bool UnaryOp(ast::UnaryOpExpression*);
+  bool VariableDeclStatement(const ast::VariableDeclStatement*);
+  bool VariableStorageClass(ast::Statement*);
 
-  bool VariableDeclStatement(const ast::VariableDeclStatement* stmt);
+  /// @returns the semantic information for the array `arr`, building it if it
+  /// hasn't been constructed already. If an error is raised, nullptr is
+  /// returned.
+  const semantic::Array* Array(type::Array*);
+
+  /// @returns the semantic information for the structure `str`, building it if
+  /// it hasn't been constructed already. If an error is raised, nullptr is
+  /// returned.
+  const semantic::Struct* Structure(type::Struct* str);
+
+  /// @param align the output default alignment in bytes for the type `ty`
+  /// @param size the output default size in bytes for the type `ty`
+  /// @returns true on success, false on error
+  bool DefaultAlignAndSize(type::Type* ty, uint32_t& align, uint32_t& size);
 
   VariableInfo* CreateVariableInfo(ast::Variable*);
 
diff --git a/src/resolver/struct_layout_test.cc b/src/resolver/struct_layout_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..53dd37b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/resolver/struct_layout_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,333 @@
+// Copyright 2021 The Tint Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "src/resolver/resolver.h"
+
+#include "gmock/gmock.h"
+#include "src/resolver/resolver_test_helper.h"
+#include "src/semantic/struct.h"
+
+namespace tint {
+namespace resolver {
+namespace {
+
+using ResolverStructLayoutTest = ResolverTest;
+
+TEST_F(ResolverStructLayoutTest, Scalars) {
+  auto* s = Structure("S", {
+                               Member("a", ty.f32()),
+                               Member("b", ty.u32()),
+                               Member("c", ty.i32()),
+                           });
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
+
+  auto* sem = Sem().Get(s);
+  ASSERT_NE(sem, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Size(), 12u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Align(), 4u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(sem->Members().size(), 3u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Offset(), 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Size(), 4u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[1]->Offset(), 4u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[1]->Size(), 4u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[2]->Offset(), 8u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[2]->Size(), 4u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverStructLayoutTest, Alias) {
+  auto* s = Structure("S", {
+                               Member("a", ty.alias("a", ty.f32())),
+                               Member("b", ty.alias("b", ty.f32())),
+                           });
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
+
+  auto* sem = Sem().Get(s);
+  ASSERT_NE(sem, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Size(), 8u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Align(), 4u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(sem->Members().size(), 2u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Offset(), 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Size(), 4u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[1]->Offset(), 4u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[1]->Size(), 4u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverStructLayoutTest, ImplicitStrideArrayStaticSize) {
+  auto* s = Structure("S", {
+                               Member("a", ty.array<i32, 3>()),
+                               Member("b", ty.array<f32, 5>()),
+                               Member("c", ty.array<f32, 1>()),
+                           });
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
+
+  auto* sem = Sem().Get(s);
+  ASSERT_NE(sem, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Size(), 36u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Align(), 4u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(sem->Members().size(), 3u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Offset(), 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Size(), 12u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[1]->Offset(), 12u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[1]->Size(), 20u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[2]->Offset(), 32u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[2]->Size(), 4u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverStructLayoutTest, ExplicitStrideArrayStaticSize) {
+  auto* s = Structure("S", {
+                               Member("a", ty.array<i32, 3>(/*stride*/ 8)),
+                               Member("b", ty.array<f32, 5>(/*stride*/ 16)),
+                               Member("c", ty.array<f32, 1>(/*stride*/ 32)),
+                           });
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
+
+  auto* sem = Sem().Get(s);
+  ASSERT_NE(sem, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Size(), 136u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Align(), 4u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(sem->Members().size(), 3u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Offset(), 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Size(), 24u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[1]->Offset(), 24u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[1]->Size(), 80u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[2]->Offset(), 104u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[2]->Size(), 32u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverStructLayoutTest, ImplicitStrideArrayRuntimeSized) {
+  auto* s = Structure("S", {
+                               Member("c", ty.array<f32>()),
+                           });
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
+
+  auto* sem = Sem().Get(s);
+  ASSERT_NE(sem, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Size(), 4u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Align(), 4u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(sem->Members().size(), 1u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Offset(), 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Size(), 4u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverStructLayoutTest, ExplicitStrideArrayRuntimeSized) {
+  auto* s = Structure("S", {
+                               Member("c", ty.array<f32>(/*stride*/ 32)),
+                           });
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
+
+  auto* sem = Sem().Get(s);
+  ASSERT_NE(sem, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Size(), 32u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Align(), 4u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(sem->Members().size(), 1u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Offset(), 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Size(), 32u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverStructLayoutTest, ImplicitStrideArrayOfExplicitStrideArray) {
+  auto* inner = ty.array<i32, 2>(/*stride*/ 16);  // size: 32
+  auto* outer = ty.array(inner, 12);              // size: 12 * 32
+  auto* s = Structure("S", {
+                               Member("c", outer),
+                           });
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
+
+  auto* sem = Sem().Get(s);
+  ASSERT_NE(sem, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Size(), 384u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Align(), 4u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(sem->Members().size(), 1u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Offset(), 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Size(), 384u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverStructLayoutTest, ImplicitStrideArrayOfStructure) {
+  auto* inner = Structure("Inner", {
+                                       Member("a", ty.vec2<i32>()),
+                                       Member("b", ty.vec3<i32>()),
+                                       Member("c", ty.vec4<i32>()),
+                                   });  // size: 48
+  auto* outer = ty.array(inner, 12);    // size: 12 * 48
+  auto* s = Structure("S", {
+                               Member("c", outer),
+                           });
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
+
+  auto* sem = Sem().Get(s);
+  ASSERT_NE(sem, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Size(), 576u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Align(), 16u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(sem->Members().size(), 1u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Offset(), 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Size(), 576u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverStructLayoutTest, Vector) {
+  auto* s = Structure("S", {
+                               Member("a", ty.vec2<i32>()),
+                               Member("b", ty.vec3<i32>()),
+                               Member("c", ty.vec4<i32>()),
+                           });
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
+
+  auto* sem = Sem().Get(s);
+  ASSERT_NE(sem, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Size(), 48u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Align(), 16u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(sem->Members().size(), 3u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Offset(), 0u);  // vec2
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Size(), 8u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[1]->Offset(), 16u);  // vec3
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[1]->Size(), 12u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[2]->Offset(), 32u);  // vec4
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[2]->Size(), 16u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverStructLayoutTest, Matrix) {
+  auto* s = Structure("S", {
+                               Member("a", ty.mat2x2<i32>()),
+                               Member("b", ty.mat2x3<i32>()),
+                               Member("c", ty.mat2x4<i32>()),
+                               Member("d", ty.mat3x2<i32>()),
+                               Member("e", ty.mat3x3<i32>()),
+                               Member("f", ty.mat3x4<i32>()),
+                               Member("g", ty.mat4x2<i32>()),
+                               Member("h", ty.mat4x3<i32>()),
+                               Member("i", ty.mat4x4<i32>()),
+                           });
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
+
+  auto* sem = Sem().Get(s);
+  ASSERT_NE(sem, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Size(), 368u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Align(), 16u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(sem->Members().size(), 9u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Offset(), 0u);  // mat2x2
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Size(), 16u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[1]->Offset(), 16u);  // mat2x3
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[1]->Size(), 32u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[2]->Offset(), 48u);  // mat2x4
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[2]->Size(), 32u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[3]->Offset(), 80u);  // mat3x2
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[3]->Size(), 24u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[4]->Offset(), 112u);  // mat3x3
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[4]->Size(), 48u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[5]->Offset(), 160u);  // mat3x4
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[5]->Size(), 48u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[6]->Offset(), 208u);  // mat4x2
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[6]->Size(), 32u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[7]->Offset(), 240u);  // mat4x3
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[7]->Size(), 64u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[8]->Offset(), 304u);  // mat4x4
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[8]->Size(), 64u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverStructLayoutTest, NestedStruct) {
+  auto* inner = Structure("Inner", {
+                                       Member("a", ty.mat3x3<i32>()),
+                                   });
+  auto* s = Structure("S", {
+                               Member("a", ty.i32()),
+                               Member("b", inner),
+                               Member("c", ty.i32()),
+                           });
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
+
+  auto* sem = Sem().Get(s);
+  ASSERT_NE(sem, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Size(), 80u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Align(), 16u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(sem->Members().size(), 3u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Offset(), 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Size(), 4u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[1]->Offset(), 16u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[1]->Size(), 48u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[2]->Offset(), 64u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[2]->Size(), 4u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverStructLayoutTest, SizeDecorations) {
+  auto* inner = Structure("Inner", {
+                                       Member("a", ty.f32(), {MemberSize(8)}),
+                                       Member("b", ty.f32(), {MemberSize(16)}),
+                                       Member("c", ty.f32(), {MemberSize(8)}),
+                                   });
+  auto* s = Structure("S", {
+                               Member("a", ty.f32(), {MemberSize(4)}),
+                               Member("b", ty.u32(), {MemberSize(8)}),
+                               Member("c", inner),
+                               Member("d", ty.i32(), {MemberSize(32)}),
+                           });
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
+
+  auto* sem = Sem().Get(s);
+  ASSERT_NE(sem, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Size(), 76u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Align(), 4u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(sem->Members().size(), 4u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Offset(), 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Size(), 4u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[1]->Offset(), 4u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[1]->Size(), 8u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[2]->Offset(), 12u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[2]->Size(), 32u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[3]->Offset(), 44u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[3]->Size(), 32u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverStructLayoutTest, AlignDecorations) {
+  auto* inner = Structure("Inner", {
+                                       Member("a", ty.f32(), {MemberAlign(8)}),
+                                       Member("b", ty.f32(), {MemberAlign(16)}),
+                                       Member("c", ty.f32(), {MemberAlign(4)}),
+                                   });
+  auto* s = Structure("S", {
+                               Member("a", ty.f32(), {MemberAlign(4)}),
+                               Member("b", ty.u32(), {MemberAlign(8)}),
+                               Member("c", inner),
+                               Member("d", ty.i32(), {MemberAlign(32)}),
+                           });
+
+  ASSERT_TRUE(r()->Resolve()) << r()->error();
+
+  auto* sem = Sem().Get(s);
+  ASSERT_NE(sem, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Size(), 96u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Align(), 32u);
+  ASSERT_EQ(sem->Members().size(), 4u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Offset(), 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[0]->Size(), 4u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[1]->Offset(), 8u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[1]->Size(), 4u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[2]->Offset(), 16u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[2]->Size(), 32u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[3]->Offset(), 64u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(sem->Members()[3]->Size(), 4u);
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+}  // namespace resolver
+}  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/resolver/validation_test.cc b/src/resolver/validation_test.cc
index 87c111e..f3d3cbd 100644
--- a/src/resolver/validation_test.cc
+++ b/src/resolver/validation_test.cc
@@ -556,6 +556,38 @@
             "12:34 error: break statement must be in a loop or switch case");
 }
 
+TEST_F(ResolverValidationTest, NonPOTStructMemberAlignDecoration) {
+  Structure("S", {
+                     Member("a", ty.f32(), {MemberAlign(Source{{12, 34}}, 3)}),
+                 });
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(r()->Resolve());
+  EXPECT_EQ(
+      r()->error(),
+      "12:34 error: align value must be a positive, power-of-two integer");
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverValidationTest, ZeroStructMemberAlignDecoration) {
+  Structure("S", {
+                     Member("a", ty.f32(), {MemberAlign(Source{{12, 34}}, 0)}),
+                 });
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(r()->Resolve());
+  EXPECT_EQ(
+      r()->error(),
+      "12:34 error: align value must be a positive, power-of-two integer");
+}
+
+TEST_F(ResolverValidationTest, ZeroStructMemberSizeDecoration) {
+  Structure("S", {
+                     Member("a", ty.f32(), {MemberSize(Source{{12, 34}}, 0)}),
+                 });
+
+  EXPECT_FALSE(r()->Resolve());
+  EXPECT_EQ(r()->error(),
+            "12:34 error: size must be at least as big as the type's size (4)");
+}
+
 }  // namespace
 }  // namespace resolver
 }  // namespace tint