Add semantic::Function, use it.

Pull the mutable semantic fields from ast::Function and into a new semantic::Function node.
Have the TypeDeterminer create these semantic::Function nodes.

Bug: tint:390
Change-Id: I237b1bed8709dd9a3cfa24d85d48fc77b7e532da
Reviewed-on: https://dawn-review.googlesource.com/c/tint/+/39902
Reviewed-by: David Neto <dneto@google.com>
Commit-Queue: Ben Clayton <bclayton@google.com>
diff --git a/BUILD.gn b/BUILD.gn
index 23d89b1..8e15afc 100644
--- a/BUILD.gn
+++ b/BUILD.gn
@@ -382,6 +382,7 @@
     "src/semantic/info.h",
     "src/semantic/node.h",
     "src/semantic/sem_expression.cc",
+    "src/semantic/sem_function.cc",
     "src/semantic/sem_info.cc",
     "src/semantic/sem_node.cc",
     "src/semantic/type_mappings.h",
diff --git a/src/CMakeLists.txt b/src/CMakeLists.txt
index 2ab4a49..56a1efb 100644
--- a/src/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -196,6 +196,7 @@
   semantic/info.h
   semantic/node.h
   semantic/sem_expression.cc
+  semantic/sem_function.cc
   semantic/sem_info.cc
   semantic/sem_node.cc
   semantic/type_mappings.h
diff --git a/src/ast/function.cc b/src/ast/function.cc
index f17421a..a2b5ef7 100644
--- a/src/ast/function.cc
+++ b/src/ast/function.cc
@@ -65,161 +65,6 @@
   return PipelineStage::kNone;
 }
 
-void Function::add_referenced_module_variable(Variable* var) {
-  for (const auto* v : referenced_module_vars_) {
-    if (v->symbol() == var->symbol()) {
-      return;
-    }
-  }
-  referenced_module_vars_.push_back(var);
-}
-
-void Function::add_local_referenced_module_variable(Variable* var) {
-  for (const auto* v : local_referenced_module_vars_) {
-    if (v->symbol() == var->symbol()) {
-      return;
-    }
-  }
-  local_referenced_module_vars_.push_back(var);
-}
-
-const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, LocationDecoration*>>
-Function::referenced_location_variables() const {
-  std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, LocationDecoration*>> ret;
-
-  for (auto* var : referenced_module_variables()) {
-    for (auto* deco : var->decorations()) {
-      if (auto* location = deco->As<LocationDecoration>()) {
-        ret.push_back({var, location});
-        break;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  return ret;
-}
-
-const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
-Function::referenced_uniform_variables() const {
-  std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>> ret;
-
-  for (auto* var : referenced_module_variables()) {
-    if (var->storage_class() != StorageClass::kUniform) {
-      continue;
-    }
-
-    BindingDecoration* binding = nullptr;
-    GroupDecoration* group = nullptr;
-    for (auto* deco : var->decorations()) {
-      if (auto* b = deco->As<BindingDecoration>()) {
-        binding = b;
-      } else if (auto* g = deco->As<GroupDecoration>()) {
-        group = g;
-      }
-    }
-    if (binding == nullptr || group == nullptr) {
-      continue;
-    }
-
-    ret.push_back({var, BindingInfo{binding, group}});
-  }
-  return ret;
-}
-
-const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
-Function::referenced_storagebuffer_variables() const {
-  std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>> ret;
-
-  for (auto* var : referenced_module_variables()) {
-    if (var->storage_class() != StorageClass::kStorage) {
-      continue;
-    }
-
-    BindingDecoration* binding = nullptr;
-    GroupDecoration* group = nullptr;
-    for (auto* deco : var->decorations()) {
-      if (auto* b = deco->As<BindingDecoration>()) {
-        binding = b;
-      } else if (auto* s = deco->As<GroupDecoration>()) {
-        group = s;
-      }
-    }
-    if (binding == nullptr || group == nullptr) {
-      continue;
-    }
-
-    ret.push_back({var, BindingInfo{binding, group}});
-  }
-  return ret;
-}
-
-const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, BuiltinDecoration*>>
-Function::referenced_builtin_variables() const {
-  std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, BuiltinDecoration*>> ret;
-
-  for (auto* var : referenced_module_variables()) {
-    for (auto* deco : var->decorations()) {
-      if (auto* builtin = deco->As<BuiltinDecoration>()) {
-        ret.push_back({var, builtin});
-        break;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  return ret;
-}
-
-const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
-Function::referenced_sampler_variables() const {
-  return ReferencedSamplerVariablesImpl(type::SamplerKind::kSampler);
-}
-
-const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
-Function::referenced_comparison_sampler_variables() const {
-  return ReferencedSamplerVariablesImpl(type::SamplerKind::kComparisonSampler);
-}
-
-const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
-Function::referenced_sampled_texture_variables() const {
-  return ReferencedSampledTextureVariablesImpl(false);
-}
-
-const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
-Function::referenced_multisampled_texture_variables() const {
-  return ReferencedSampledTextureVariablesImpl(true);
-}
-
-const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, BuiltinDecoration*>>
-Function::local_referenced_builtin_variables() const {
-  std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, BuiltinDecoration*>> ret;
-
-  for (auto* var : local_referenced_module_variables()) {
-    for (auto* deco : var->decorations()) {
-      if (auto* builtin = deco->As<BuiltinDecoration>()) {
-        ret.push_back({var, builtin});
-        break;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  return ret;
-}
-
-void Function::add_ancestor_entry_point(Symbol ep) {
-  for (const auto& point : ancestor_entry_points_) {
-    if (point == ep) {
-      return;
-    }
-  }
-  ancestor_entry_points_.push_back(ep);
-}
-
-bool Function::HasAncestorEntryPoint(Symbol symbol) const {
-  for (const auto& point : ancestor_entry_points_) {
-    if (point == symbol) {
-      return true;
-    }
-  }
-  return false;
-}
-
 const Statement* Function::get_last_statement() const {
   return body_->last();
 }
@@ -295,73 +140,6 @@
   return out.str();
 }
 
-const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
-Function::ReferencedSamplerVariablesImpl(type::SamplerKind kind) const {
-  std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>> ret;
-
-  for (auto* var : referenced_module_variables()) {
-    auto* unwrapped_type = var->type()->UnwrapIfNeeded();
-    auto* sampler = unwrapped_type->As<type::Sampler>();
-    if (sampler == nullptr || sampler->kind() != kind) {
-      continue;
-    }
-
-    BindingDecoration* binding = nullptr;
-    GroupDecoration* group = nullptr;
-    for (auto* deco : var->decorations()) {
-      if (auto* b = deco->As<BindingDecoration>()) {
-        binding = b;
-      }
-      if (auto* s = deco->As<GroupDecoration>()) {
-        group = s;
-      }
-    }
-    if (binding == nullptr || group == nullptr) {
-      continue;
-    }
-
-    ret.push_back({var, BindingInfo{binding, group}});
-  }
-  return ret;
-}
-
-const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
-Function::ReferencedSampledTextureVariablesImpl(bool multisampled) const {
-  std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>> ret;
-
-  for (auto* var : referenced_module_variables()) {
-    auto* unwrapped_type = var->type()->UnwrapIfNeeded();
-    auto* texture = unwrapped_type->As<type::Texture>();
-    if (texture == nullptr) {
-      continue;
-    }
-
-    auto is_multisampled = texture->Is<type::MultisampledTexture>();
-    auto is_sampled = texture->Is<type::SampledTexture>();
-
-    if ((multisampled && !is_multisampled) || (!multisampled && !is_sampled)) {
-      continue;
-    }
-
-    BindingDecoration* binding = nullptr;
-    GroupDecoration* group = nullptr;
-    for (auto* deco : var->decorations()) {
-      if (auto* b = deco->As<BindingDecoration>()) {
-        binding = b;
-      } else if (auto* s = deco->As<GroupDecoration>()) {
-        group = s;
-      }
-    }
-    if (binding == nullptr || group == nullptr) {
-      continue;
-    }
-
-    ret.push_back({var, BindingInfo{binding, group}});
-  }
-
-  return ret;
-}
-
 Function* FunctionList::Find(Symbol sym) const {
   for (auto* func : *this) {
     if (func->symbol() == sym) {
diff --git a/src/ast/function.h b/src/ast/function.h
index ff72b14..02c6cba 100644
--- a/src/ast/function.h
+++ b/src/ast/function.h
@@ -43,14 +43,6 @@
 /// A Function statement.
 class Function : public Castable<Function, Node> {
  public:
-  /// Information about a binding
-  struct BindingInfo {
-    /// The binding decoration
-    BindingDecoration* binding = nullptr;
-    /// The group decoration
-    GroupDecoration* group = nullptr;
-  };
-
   /// Create a function
   /// @param source the variable source
   /// @param symbol the function symbol
@@ -87,82 +79,9 @@
   /// @returns true if this function is an entry point
   bool IsEntryPoint() const { return pipeline_stage() != PipelineStage::kNone; }
 
-  /// Adds the given variable to the list of referenced module variables if it
-  /// is not already included.
-  /// @param var the module variable to add
-  void add_referenced_module_variable(Variable* var);
-  /// Adds the given variable to the list of locally referenced module variables
-  /// if it is not already included.
-  /// @param var the module variable to add
-  void add_local_referenced_module_variable(Variable* var);
-  /// Note: If this function calls other functions, the return will also include
-  /// all of the referenced variables from the callees.
-  /// @returns the referenced module variables
-  const std::vector<Variable*>& referenced_module_variables() const {
-    return referenced_module_vars_;
-  }
-  /// @returns the locally referenced module variables
-  const std::vector<Variable*>& local_referenced_module_variables() const {
-    return local_referenced_module_vars_;
-  }
-  /// Retrieves any referenced location variables
-  /// @returns the <variable, decoration> pair.
-  const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, LocationDecoration*>>
-  referenced_location_variables() const;
-  /// Retrieves any referenced builtin variables
-  /// @returns the <variable, decoration> pair.
-  const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, BuiltinDecoration*>>
-  referenced_builtin_variables() const;
-  /// Retrieves any referenced uniform variables. Note, the variables must be
-  /// decorated with both binding and group decorations.
-  /// @returns the referenced uniforms
-  const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
-  referenced_uniform_variables() const;
-  /// Retrieves any referenced storagebuffer variables. Note, the variables
-  /// must be decorated with both binding and group decorations.
-  /// @returns the referenced storagebuffers
-  const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
-  referenced_storagebuffer_variables() const;
-  /// Retrieves any referenced regular Sampler variables. Note, the
-  /// variables must be decorated with both binding and group decorations.
-  /// @returns the referenced storagebuffers
-  const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
-  referenced_sampler_variables() const;
-  /// Retrieves any referenced comparison Sampler variables. Note, the
-  /// variables must be decorated with both binding and group decorations.
-  /// @returns the referenced storagebuffers
-  const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
-  referenced_comparison_sampler_variables() const;
-  /// Retrieves any referenced sampled textures variables. Note, the
-  /// variables must be decorated with both binding and group decorations.
-  /// @returns the referenced sampled textures
-  const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
-  referenced_sampled_texture_variables() const;
-  /// Retrieves any referenced multisampled textures variables. Note, the
-  /// variables must be decorated with both binding and group decorations.
-  /// @returns the referenced sampled textures
-  const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
-  referenced_multisampled_texture_variables() const;
-
-  /// Retrieves any locally referenced builtin variables
-  /// @returns the <variable, decoration> pairs.
-  const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, BuiltinDecoration*>>
-  local_referenced_builtin_variables() const;
-
-  /// Adds an ancestor entry point
-  /// @param ep the entry point ancestor
-  void add_ancestor_entry_point(Symbol ep);
-  /// @returns the ancestor entry points
-  const std::vector<Symbol>& ancestor_entry_points() const {
-    return ancestor_entry_points_;
-  }
-  /// Checks if the given entry point is an ancestor
-  /// @param sym the entry point symbol
-  /// @returns true if `sym` is an ancestor entry point of this function
-  bool HasAncestorEntryPoint(Symbol sym) const;
-
   /// @returns the function return type.
   type::Type* return_type() const { return return_type_; }
+
   /// @returns a pointer to the last statement of the function or nullptr if
   // function is empty
   const Statement* get_last_statement() const;
@@ -196,20 +115,12 @@
 
  private:
   Function(const Function&) = delete;
-  const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
-  ReferencedSamplerVariablesImpl(type::SamplerKind kind) const;
-  const std::vector<std::pair<Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
-  ReferencedSampledTextureVariablesImpl(bool multisampled) const;
 
   Symbol const symbol_;
   VariableList const params_;
   type::Type* const return_type_;
   BlockStatement* const body_;
-
-  std::vector<Variable*> referenced_module_vars_;        // Semantic info
-  std::vector<Variable*> local_referenced_module_vars_;  // Semantic info
-  std::vector<Symbol> ancestor_entry_points_;            // Semantic info
-  FunctionDecorationList decorations_;                   // Semantic info
+  FunctionDecorationList const decorations_;
 };
 
 /// A list of functions
diff --git a/src/ast/function_test.cc b/src/ast/function_test.cc
index f148bed..a74cb6a 100644
--- a/src/ast/function_test.cc
+++ b/src/ast/function_test.cc
@@ -53,114 +53,6 @@
   EXPECT_EQ(src.range.begin.column, 2u);
 }
 
-TEST_F(FunctionTest, AddDuplicateReferencedVariables) {
-  auto* v = Var("var", StorageClass::kInput, ty.i32());
-  auto* f = Func("func", VariableList{}, ty.void_(), StatementList{},
-                 FunctionDecorationList{});
-
-  f->add_referenced_module_variable(v);
-  ASSERT_EQ(f->referenced_module_variables().size(), 1u);
-  EXPECT_EQ(f->referenced_module_variables()[0], v);
-
-  f->add_referenced_module_variable(v);
-  ASSERT_EQ(f->referenced_module_variables().size(), 1u);
-
-  auto* v2 = Var("var2", StorageClass::kOutput, ty.i32());
-  f->add_referenced_module_variable(v2);
-  ASSERT_EQ(f->referenced_module_variables().size(), 2u);
-  EXPECT_EQ(f->referenced_module_variables()[1], v2);
-}
-
-TEST_F(FunctionTest, GetReferenceLocations) {
-  auto* loc1 = Var("loc1", StorageClass::kInput, ty.i32(), nullptr,
-                   ast::VariableDecorationList{
-                       create<LocationDecoration>(0),
-                   });
-
-  auto* loc2 = Var("loc2", StorageClass::kInput, ty.i32(), nullptr,
-                   ast::VariableDecorationList{
-                       create<LocationDecoration>(1),
-                   });
-
-  auto* builtin1 = Var("builtin1", StorageClass::kInput, ty.i32(), nullptr,
-                       ast::VariableDecorationList{
-                           create<BuiltinDecoration>(Builtin::kPosition),
-                       });
-
-  auto* builtin2 = Var("builtin2", StorageClass::kInput, ty.i32(), nullptr,
-                       ast::VariableDecorationList{
-                           create<BuiltinDecoration>(Builtin::kFragDepth),
-                       });
-
-  auto* f = Func("func", VariableList{}, ty.void_(), StatementList{},
-                 FunctionDecorationList{});
-
-  f->add_referenced_module_variable(loc1);
-  f->add_referenced_module_variable(builtin1);
-  f->add_referenced_module_variable(loc2);
-  f->add_referenced_module_variable(builtin2);
-  ASSERT_EQ(f->referenced_module_variables().size(), 4u);
-
-  auto ref_locs = f->referenced_location_variables();
-  ASSERT_EQ(ref_locs.size(), 2u);
-  EXPECT_EQ(ref_locs[0].first, loc1);
-  EXPECT_EQ(ref_locs[0].second->value(), 0u);
-  EXPECT_EQ(ref_locs[1].first, loc2);
-  EXPECT_EQ(ref_locs[1].second->value(), 1u);
-}
-
-TEST_F(FunctionTest, GetReferenceBuiltins) {
-  auto* loc1 = Var("loc1", StorageClass::kInput, ty.i32(), nullptr,
-                   ast::VariableDecorationList{
-                       create<LocationDecoration>(0),
-                   });
-
-  auto* loc2 = Var("loc2", StorageClass::kInput, ty.i32(), nullptr,
-                   ast::VariableDecorationList{
-                       create<LocationDecoration>(1),
-                   });
-
-  auto* builtin1 = Var("builtin1", StorageClass::kInput, ty.i32(), nullptr,
-                       ast::VariableDecorationList{
-                           create<BuiltinDecoration>(Builtin::kPosition),
-                       });
-
-  auto* builtin2 = Var("builtin2", StorageClass::kInput, ty.i32(), nullptr,
-                       ast::VariableDecorationList{
-                           create<BuiltinDecoration>(Builtin::kFragDepth),
-                       });
-
-  auto* f = Func("func", VariableList{}, ty.void_(), StatementList{},
-                 FunctionDecorationList{});
-
-  f->add_referenced_module_variable(loc1);
-  f->add_referenced_module_variable(builtin1);
-  f->add_referenced_module_variable(loc2);
-  f->add_referenced_module_variable(builtin2);
-  ASSERT_EQ(f->referenced_module_variables().size(), 4u);
-
-  auto ref_locs = f->referenced_builtin_variables();
-  ASSERT_EQ(ref_locs.size(), 2u);
-  EXPECT_EQ(ref_locs[0].first, builtin1);
-  EXPECT_EQ(ref_locs[0].second->value(), Builtin::kPosition);
-  EXPECT_EQ(ref_locs[1].first, builtin2);
-  EXPECT_EQ(ref_locs[1].second->value(), Builtin::kFragDepth);
-}
-
-TEST_F(FunctionTest, AddDuplicateEntryPoints) {
-  auto* f = Func("func", VariableList{}, ty.void_(), StatementList{},
-                 FunctionDecorationList{});
-
-  auto main_sym = Symbols().Get("main");
-  f->add_ancestor_entry_point(main_sym);
-  ASSERT_EQ(1u, f->ancestor_entry_points().size());
-  EXPECT_EQ(main_sym, f->ancestor_entry_points()[0]);
-
-  f->add_ancestor_entry_point(main_sym);
-  ASSERT_EQ(1u, f->ancestor_entry_points().size());
-  EXPECT_EQ(main_sym, f->ancestor_entry_points()[0]);
-}
-
 TEST_F(FunctionTest, IsValid) {
   VariableList params;
   params.push_back(Var("var", StorageClass::kNone, ty.i32()));
diff --git a/src/inspector/inspector.cc b/src/inspector/inspector.cc
index 3c2e7a4..ccfe471 100644
--- a/src/inspector/inspector.cc
+++ b/src/inspector/inspector.cc
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "src/ast/uint_literal.h"
 #include "src/ast/variable.h"
 #include "src/program.h"
+#include "src/semantic/function.h"
 #include "src/type/access_control_type.h"
 #include "src/type/array_type.h"
 #include "src/type/f32_type.h"
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@
     std::tie(entry_point.workgroup_size_x, entry_point.workgroup_size_y,
              entry_point.workgroup_size_z) = func->workgroup_size();
 
-    for (auto* var : func->referenced_module_variables()) {
+    for (auto* var : program_->Sem().Get(func)->ReferencedModuleVariables()) {
       auto name = program_->Symbols().NameFor(var->symbol());
       if (var->HasBuiltinDecoration()) {
         continue;
@@ -185,10 +186,11 @@
 
   std::vector<ResourceBinding> result;
 
-  for (auto& ruv : func->referenced_uniform_variables()) {
+  auto* func_sem = program_->Sem().Get(func);
+  for (auto& ruv : func_sem->ReferencedUniformVariables()) {
     ResourceBinding entry;
     ast::Variable* var = nullptr;
-    ast::Function::BindingInfo binding_info;
+    semantic::Function::BindingInfo binding_info;
     std::tie(var, binding_info) = ruv;
     if (!var->type()->Is<type::AccessControl>()) {
       continue;
@@ -235,10 +237,11 @@
 
   std::vector<ResourceBinding> result;
 
-  for (auto& rs : func->referenced_sampler_variables()) {
+  auto* func_sem = program_->Sem().Get(func);
+  for (auto& rs : func_sem->ReferencedSamplerVariables()) {
     ResourceBinding entry;
     ast::Variable* var = nullptr;
-    ast::Function::BindingInfo binding_info;
+    semantic::Function::BindingInfo binding_info;
     std::tie(var, binding_info) = rs;
 
     entry.bind_group = binding_info.group->value();
@@ -259,10 +262,11 @@
 
   std::vector<ResourceBinding> result;
 
-  for (auto& rcs : func->referenced_comparison_sampler_variables()) {
+  auto* func_sem = program_->Sem().Get(func);
+  for (auto& rcs : func_sem->ReferencedComparisonSamplerVariables()) {
     ResourceBinding entry;
     ast::Variable* var = nullptr;
-    ast::Function::BindingInfo binding_info;
+    semantic::Function::BindingInfo binding_info;
     std::tie(var, binding_info) = rcs;
 
     entry.bind_group = binding_info.group->value();
@@ -307,11 +311,12 @@
     return {};
   }
 
+  auto* func_sem = program_->Sem().Get(func);
   std::vector<ResourceBinding> result;
-  for (auto& rsv : func->referenced_storagebuffer_variables()) {
+  for (auto& rsv : func_sem->ReferencedStoragebufferVariables()) {
     ResourceBinding entry;
     ast::Variable* var = nullptr;
-    ast::Function::BindingInfo binding_info;
+    semantic::Function::BindingInfo binding_info;
     std::tie(var, binding_info) = rsv;
 
     auto* ac_type = var->type()->As<type::AccessControl>();
@@ -347,13 +352,14 @@
   }
 
   std::vector<ResourceBinding> result;
+  auto* func_sem = program_->Sem().Get(func);
   auto& referenced_variables =
-      multisampled_only ? func->referenced_multisampled_texture_variables()
-                        : func->referenced_sampled_texture_variables();
+      multisampled_only ? func_sem->ReferencedMultisampledTextureVariables()
+                        : func_sem->ReferencedSampledTextureVariables();
   for (auto& ref : referenced_variables) {
     ResourceBinding entry;
     ast::Variable* var = nullptr;
-    ast::Function::BindingInfo binding_info;
+    semantic::Function::BindingInfo binding_info;
     std::tie(var, binding_info) = ref;
 
     entry.bind_group = binding_info.group->value();
diff --git a/src/semantic/expression.h b/src/semantic/expression.h
index 40b15e4..76052be 100644
--- a/src/semantic/expression.h
+++ b/src/semantic/expression.h
@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@
 
 #include "src/semantic/node.h"
 
-#include "src/semantic/type_mappings.h"
-
 namespace tint {
 
 // Forward declarations
diff --git a/src/semantic/function.h b/src/semantic/function.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0c75113
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/semantic/function.h
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+// Copyright 2021 The Tint Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0(the "License");
+
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#ifndef SRC_SEMANTIC_FUNCTION_H_
+#define SRC_SEMANTIC_FUNCTION_H_
+
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "src/semantic/node.h"
+#include "src/type/sampler_type.h"
+
+namespace tint {
+
+// Forward declarations
+namespace ast {
+class BindingDecoration;
+class GroupDecoration;
+class Variable;
+class LocationDecoration;
+class BuiltinDecoration;
+}  // namespace ast
+namespace type {
+class Type;
+}  // namespace type
+
+namespace semantic {
+
+/// Function holds the semantic information for function nodes.
+class Function : public Castable<Function, Node> {
+ public:
+  /// Information about a binding
+  struct BindingInfo {
+    /// The binding decoration
+    ast::BindingDecoration* binding = nullptr;
+    /// The group decoration
+    ast::GroupDecoration* group = nullptr;
+  };
+
+  /// Constructor
+  /// @param referenced_module_vars the referenced module variables
+  /// @param local_referenced_module_vars the locally referenced module
+  /// variables
+  /// @param ancestor_entry_points the ancestor entry points
+  explicit Function(std::vector<ast::Variable*> referenced_module_vars,
+                    std::vector<ast::Variable*> local_referenced_module_vars,
+                    std::vector<Symbol> ancestor_entry_points);
+
+  /// Destructor
+  ~Function() override;
+
+  /// Note: If this function calls other functions, the return will also include
+  /// all of the referenced variables from the callees.
+  /// @returns the referenced module variables
+  const std::vector<ast::Variable*>& ReferencedModuleVariables() const {
+    return referenced_module_vars_;
+  }
+  /// @returns the locally referenced module variables
+  const std::vector<ast::Variable*>& LocalReferencedModuleVariables() const {
+    return local_referenced_module_vars_;
+  }
+  /// @returns the ancestor entry points
+  const std::vector<Symbol>& AncestorEntryPoints() const {
+    return ancestor_entry_points_;
+  }
+  /// Retrieves any referenced location variables
+  /// @returns the <variable, decoration> pair.
+  const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, ast::LocationDecoration*>>
+  ReferencedLocationVariables() const;
+
+  /// Retrieves any referenced builtin variables
+  /// @returns the <variable, decoration> pair.
+  const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, ast::BuiltinDecoration*>>
+  ReferencedBuiltinVariables() const;
+
+  /// Retrieves any referenced uniform variables. Note, the variables must be
+  /// decorated with both binding and group decorations.
+  /// @returns the referenced uniforms
+  const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, BindingInfo>>
+  ReferencedUniformVariables() const;
+
+  /// Retrieves any referenced storagebuffer variables. Note, the variables
+  /// must be decorated with both binding and group decorations.
+  /// @returns the referenced storagebuffers
+  const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, BindingInfo>>
+  ReferencedStoragebufferVariables() const;
+
+  /// Retrieves any referenced regular Sampler variables. Note, the
+  /// variables must be decorated with both binding and group decorations.
+  /// @returns the referenced storagebuffers
+  const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, BindingInfo>>
+  ReferencedSamplerVariables() const;
+
+  /// Retrieves any referenced comparison Sampler variables. Note, the
+  /// variables must be decorated with both binding and group decorations.
+  /// @returns the referenced storagebuffers
+  const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, BindingInfo>>
+  ReferencedComparisonSamplerVariables() const;
+
+  /// Retrieves any referenced sampled textures variables. Note, the
+  /// variables must be decorated with both binding and group decorations.
+  /// @returns the referenced sampled textures
+  const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, BindingInfo>>
+  ReferencedSampledTextureVariables() const;
+
+  /// Retrieves any referenced multisampled textures variables. Note, the
+  /// variables must be decorated with both binding and group decorations.
+  /// @returns the referenced sampled textures
+  const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, BindingInfo>>
+  ReferencedMultisampledTextureVariables() const;
+
+  /// Retrieves any locally referenced builtin variables
+  /// @returns the <variable, decoration> pairs.
+  const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, ast::BuiltinDecoration*>>
+  LocalReferencedBuiltinVariables() const;
+
+  /// Checks if the given entry point is an ancestor
+  /// @param sym the entry point symbol
+  /// @returns true if `sym` is an ancestor entry point of this function
+  bool HasAncestorEntryPoint(Symbol sym) const;
+
+ private:
+  const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, BindingInfo>>
+  ReferencedSamplerVariablesImpl(type::SamplerKind kind) const;
+  const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, BindingInfo>>
+  ReferencedSampledTextureVariablesImpl(bool multisampled) const;
+
+  std::vector<ast::Variable*> const referenced_module_vars_;
+  std::vector<ast::Variable*> const local_referenced_module_vars_;
+  std::vector<Symbol> const ancestor_entry_points_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace semantic
+}  // namespace tint
+
+#endif  // SRC_SEMANTIC_FUNCTION_H_
diff --git a/src/semantic/sem_function.cc b/src/semantic/sem_function.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5613697
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/semantic/sem_function.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+// Copyright 2021 The Tint Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "src/semantic/function.h"
+
+#include "src/ast/binding_decoration.h"
+#include "src/ast/builtin_decoration.h"
+#include "src/ast/group_decoration.h"
+#include "src/ast/location_decoration.h"
+#include "src/ast/variable.h"
+#include "src/ast/variable_decoration.h"
+#include "src/type/multisampled_texture_type.h"
+#include "src/type/sampled_texture_type.h"
+#include "src/type/texture_type.h"
+
+TINT_INSTANTIATE_CLASS_ID(tint::semantic::Function);
+
+namespace tint {
+namespace semantic {
+
+Function::Function(std::vector<ast::Variable*> referenced_module_vars,
+                   std::vector<ast::Variable*> local_referenced_module_vars,
+                   std::vector<Symbol> ancestor_entry_points)
+    : referenced_module_vars_(std::move(referenced_module_vars)),
+      local_referenced_module_vars_(std::move(local_referenced_module_vars)),
+      ancestor_entry_points_(std::move(ancestor_entry_points)) {}
+
+Function::~Function() = default;
+
+const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, ast::LocationDecoration*>>
+Function::ReferencedLocationVariables() const {
+  std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, ast::LocationDecoration*>> ret;
+
+  for (auto* var : ReferencedModuleVariables()) {
+    for (auto* deco : var->decorations()) {
+      if (auto* location = deco->As<ast::LocationDecoration>()) {
+        ret.push_back({var, location});
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return ret;
+}
+
+const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
+Function::ReferencedUniformVariables() const {
+  std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>> ret;
+
+  for (auto* var : ReferencedModuleVariables()) {
+    if (var->storage_class() != ast::StorageClass::kUniform) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    ast::BindingDecoration* binding = nullptr;
+    ast::GroupDecoration* group = nullptr;
+    for (auto* deco : var->decorations()) {
+      if (auto* b = deco->As<ast::BindingDecoration>()) {
+        binding = b;
+      } else if (auto* g = deco->As<ast::GroupDecoration>()) {
+        group = g;
+      }
+    }
+    if (binding == nullptr || group == nullptr) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    ret.push_back({var, BindingInfo{binding, group}});
+  }
+  return ret;
+}
+
+const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
+Function::ReferencedStoragebufferVariables() const {
+  std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>> ret;
+
+  for (auto* var : ReferencedModuleVariables()) {
+    if (var->storage_class() != ast::StorageClass::kStorage) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    ast::BindingDecoration* binding = nullptr;
+    ast::GroupDecoration* group = nullptr;
+    for (auto* deco : var->decorations()) {
+      if (auto* b = deco->As<ast::BindingDecoration>()) {
+        binding = b;
+      } else if (auto* s = deco->As<ast::GroupDecoration>()) {
+        group = s;
+      }
+    }
+    if (binding == nullptr || group == nullptr) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    ret.push_back({var, BindingInfo{binding, group}});
+  }
+  return ret;
+}
+
+const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, ast::BuiltinDecoration*>>
+Function::ReferencedBuiltinVariables() const {
+  std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, ast::BuiltinDecoration*>> ret;
+
+  for (auto* var : ReferencedModuleVariables()) {
+    for (auto* deco : var->decorations()) {
+      if (auto* builtin = deco->As<ast::BuiltinDecoration>()) {
+        ret.push_back({var, builtin});
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return ret;
+}
+
+const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
+Function::ReferencedSamplerVariables() const {
+  return ReferencedSamplerVariablesImpl(type::SamplerKind::kSampler);
+}
+
+const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
+Function::ReferencedComparisonSamplerVariables() const {
+  return ReferencedSamplerVariablesImpl(type::SamplerKind::kComparisonSampler);
+}
+
+const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
+Function::ReferencedSampledTextureVariables() const {
+  return ReferencedSampledTextureVariablesImpl(false);
+}
+
+const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
+Function::ReferencedMultisampledTextureVariables() const {
+  return ReferencedSampledTextureVariablesImpl(true);
+}
+
+const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, ast::BuiltinDecoration*>>
+Function::LocalReferencedBuiltinVariables() const {
+  std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, ast::BuiltinDecoration*>> ret;
+
+  for (auto* var : LocalReferencedModuleVariables()) {
+    for (auto* deco : var->decorations()) {
+      if (auto* builtin = deco->As<ast::BuiltinDecoration>()) {
+        ret.push_back({var, builtin});
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return ret;
+}
+
+bool Function::HasAncestorEntryPoint(Symbol symbol) const {
+  for (const auto& point : ancestor_entry_points_) {
+    if (point == symbol) {
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
+Function::ReferencedSamplerVariablesImpl(type::SamplerKind kind) const {
+  std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>> ret;
+
+  for (auto* var : ReferencedModuleVariables()) {
+    auto* unwrapped_type = var->type()->UnwrapIfNeeded();
+    auto* sampler = unwrapped_type->As<type::Sampler>();
+    if (sampler == nullptr || sampler->kind() != kind) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    ast::BindingDecoration* binding = nullptr;
+    ast::GroupDecoration* group = nullptr;
+    for (auto* deco : var->decorations()) {
+      if (auto* b = deco->As<ast::BindingDecoration>()) {
+        binding = b;
+      }
+      if (auto* s = deco->As<ast::GroupDecoration>()) {
+        group = s;
+      }
+    }
+    if (binding == nullptr || group == nullptr) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    ret.push_back({var, BindingInfo{binding, group}});
+  }
+  return ret;
+}
+
+const std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>>
+Function::ReferencedSampledTextureVariablesImpl(bool multisampled) const {
+  std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, Function::BindingInfo>> ret;
+
+  for (auto* var : ReferencedModuleVariables()) {
+    auto* unwrapped_type = var->type()->UnwrapIfNeeded();
+    auto* texture = unwrapped_type->As<type::Texture>();
+    if (texture == nullptr) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    auto is_multisampled = texture->Is<type::MultisampledTexture>();
+    auto is_sampled = texture->Is<type::SampledTexture>();
+
+    if ((multisampled && !is_multisampled) || (!multisampled && !is_sampled)) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    ast::BindingDecoration* binding = nullptr;
+    ast::GroupDecoration* group = nullptr;
+    for (auto* deco : var->decorations()) {
+      if (auto* b = deco->As<ast::BindingDecoration>()) {
+        binding = b;
+      } else if (auto* s = deco->As<ast::GroupDecoration>()) {
+        group = s;
+      }
+    }
+    if (binding == nullptr || group == nullptr) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    ret.push_back({var, BindingInfo{binding, group}});
+  }
+
+  return ret;
+}
+
+}  // namespace semantic
+}  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/semantic/sem_function_test.cc b/src/semantic/sem_function_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..49eb8b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/semantic/sem_function_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+// Copyright 2021 The Tint Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "src/semantic/function.h"
+
+#include "src/ast/builtin_decoration.h"
+#include "src/ast/location_decoration.h"
+#include "src/semantic/test_helper.h"
+
+namespace tint {
+namespace semantic {
+namespace {
+
+using FunctionTest = TestHelper;
+
+TEST_F(FunctionTest, GetReferenceLocations) {
+  auto* loc1 = Var("loc1", ast::StorageClass::kInput, ty.i32(), nullptr,
+                   ast::VariableDecorationList{
+                       create<ast::LocationDecoration>(0),
+                   });
+
+  auto* loc2 = Var("loc2", ast::StorageClass::kInput, ty.i32(), nullptr,
+                   ast::VariableDecorationList{
+                       create<ast::LocationDecoration>(1),
+                   });
+
+  auto* builtin1 =
+      Var("builtin1", ast::StorageClass::kInput, ty.i32(), nullptr,
+          ast::VariableDecorationList{
+              create<ast::BuiltinDecoration>(ast::Builtin::kPosition),
+          });
+
+  auto* builtin2 =
+      Var("builtin2", ast::StorageClass::kInput, ty.i32(), nullptr,
+          ast::VariableDecorationList{
+              create<ast::BuiltinDecoration>(ast::Builtin::kFragDepth),
+          });
+
+  auto* f = create<Function>(
+      /* referenced_module_vars */ std::vector<ast::Variable*>{loc1, builtin1,
+                                                               loc2, builtin2},
+      /* local_referenced_module_vars */ std::vector<ast::Variable*>{},
+      /* ancestor_entry_points */ std::vector<Symbol>{});
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(f->ReferencedModuleVariables().size(), 4u);
+
+  auto ref_locs = f->ReferencedLocationVariables();
+  ASSERT_EQ(ref_locs.size(), 2u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(ref_locs[0].first, loc1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(ref_locs[0].second->value(), 0u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(ref_locs[1].first, loc2);
+  EXPECT_EQ(ref_locs[1].second->value(), 1u);
+}
+
+TEST_F(FunctionTest, GetReferenceBuiltins) {
+  auto* loc1 = Var("loc1", ast::StorageClass::kInput, ty.i32(), nullptr,
+                   ast::VariableDecorationList{
+                       create<ast::LocationDecoration>(0),
+                   });
+
+  auto* loc2 = Var("loc2", ast::StorageClass::kInput, ty.i32(), nullptr,
+                   ast::VariableDecorationList{
+                       create<ast::LocationDecoration>(1),
+                   });
+
+  auto* builtin1 =
+      Var("builtin1", ast::StorageClass::kInput, ty.i32(), nullptr,
+          ast::VariableDecorationList{
+              create<ast::BuiltinDecoration>(ast::Builtin::kPosition),
+          });
+
+  auto* builtin2 =
+      Var("builtin2", ast::StorageClass::kInput, ty.i32(), nullptr,
+          ast::VariableDecorationList{
+              create<ast::BuiltinDecoration>(ast::Builtin::kFragDepth),
+          });
+
+  auto* f = create<Function>(
+      /* referenced_module_vars */ std::vector<ast::Variable*>{loc1, builtin1,
+                                                               loc2, builtin2},
+      /* local_referenced_module_vars */ std::vector<ast::Variable*>{},
+      /* ancestor_entry_points */ std::vector<Symbol>{});
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(f->ReferencedModuleVariables().size(), 4u);
+
+  auto ref_locs = f->ReferencedBuiltinVariables();
+  ASSERT_EQ(ref_locs.size(), 2u);
+  EXPECT_EQ(ref_locs[0].first, builtin1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(ref_locs[0].second->value(), ast::Builtin::kPosition);
+  EXPECT_EQ(ref_locs[1].first, builtin2);
+  EXPECT_EQ(ref_locs[1].second->value(), ast::Builtin::kFragDepth);
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+}  // namespace semantic
+}  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/semantic/test_helper.h b/src/semantic/test_helper.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0a32422
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/semantic/test_helper.h
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// Copyright 2020 The Tint Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#ifndef SRC_SEMANTIC_TEST_HELPER_H_
+#define SRC_SEMANTIC_TEST_HELPER_H_
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "src/program_builder.h"
+
+namespace tint {
+namespace semantic {
+
+/// Helper class for testing
+template <typename BASE>
+class TestHelperBase : public BASE, public ProgramBuilder {};
+using TestHelper = TestHelperBase<testing::Test>;
+
+template <typename T>
+using TestParamHelper = TestHelperBase<testing::TestWithParam<T>>;
+
+}  // namespace semantic
+}  // namespace tint
+
+#endif  // SRC_SEMANTIC_TEST_HELPER_H_
diff --git a/src/semantic/type_mappings.h b/src/semantic/type_mappings.h
index 4c59bd3..ac099a8 100644
--- a/src/semantic/type_mappings.h
+++ b/src/semantic/type_mappings.h
@@ -23,12 +23,14 @@
 namespace ast {
 
 class Expression;
+class Function;
 
 }  // namespace ast
 
 namespace semantic {
 
 class Expression;
+class Function;
 
 /// TypeMappings is a struct that holds dummy `operator()` methods that's used
 /// by SemanticNodeTypeFor to map AST node types to their corresponding semantic
@@ -38,6 +40,7 @@
 struct TypeMappings {
   //! @cond Doxygen_Suppress
   semantic::Expression* operator()(ast::Expression*);
+  semantic::Function* operator()(ast::Function*);
   //! @endcond
 };
 
diff --git a/src/transform/first_index_offset.cc b/src/transform/first_index_offset.cc
index 64b25dc..fec1068 100644
--- a/src/transform/first_index_offset.cc
+++ b/src/transform/first_index_offset.cc
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
 #include "src/clone_context.h"
 #include "src/program.h"
 #include "src/program_builder.h"
+#include "src/semantic/function.h"
 #include "src/type/struct_type.h"
 #include "src/type/u32_type.h"
 #include "src/type_determiner.h"
@@ -143,9 +144,10 @@
             if (buffer_var == nullptr) {
               return nullptr;  // no transform need, just clone func
             }
+            auto* func_sem = in->Sem().Get(func);
             ast::StatementList statements;
             for (const auto& data :
-                 func->local_referenced_builtin_variables()) {
+                 func_sem->LocalReferencedBuiltinVariables()) {
               if (data.second->value() == ast::Builtin::kVertexIndex) {
                 statements.emplace_back(CreateFirstIndexOffset(
                     in->Symbols().NameFor(vertex_index_sym), kFirstVertexName,
diff --git a/src/type_determiner.cc b/src/type_determiner.cc
index d31cfc1..6172384 100644
--- a/src/type_determiner.cc
+++ b/src/type_determiner.cc
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@
 #include "src/ast/variable_decl_statement.h"
 #include "src/program_builder.h"
 #include "src/semantic/expression.h"
+#include "src/semantic/function.h"
 #include "src/type/array_type.h"
 #include "src/type/bool_type.h"
 #include "src/type/depth_texture_type.h"
@@ -97,9 +98,9 @@
     return;
   }
 
-  current_function_->add_referenced_module_variable(var);
+  current_function_->referenced_module_vars.Add(var);
   if (local) {
-    current_function_->add_local_referenced_module_variable(var);
+    current_function_->local_referenced_module_vars.Add(var);
   }
 }
 
@@ -145,11 +146,14 @@
     }
   }
 
+  CreateSemanticFunctions();
+
   return true;
 }
 
 void TypeDeterminer::set_entry_points(const Symbol& fn_sym, Symbol ep_sym) {
-  symbol_to_function_[fn_sym]->add_ancestor_entry_point(ep_sym);
+  auto* info = symbol_to_function_.at(fn_sym);
+  info->ancestor_entry_points.Add(ep_sym);
 
   for (const auto& callee : caller_to_callee_[fn_sym]) {
     set_entry_points(callee, ep_sym);
@@ -166,9 +170,11 @@
 }
 
 bool TypeDeterminer::DetermineFunction(ast::Function* func) {
-  symbol_to_function_[func->symbol()] = func;
+  auto* info = function_infos_.Create<FunctionInfo>(func);
+  symbol_to_function_[func->symbol()] = info;
+  function_to_info_.emplace(func, info);
 
-  current_function_ = func;
+  current_function_ = info;
 
   variable_stack_.push_scope();
   for (auto* param : func->params()) {
@@ -409,19 +415,20 @@
       }
     } else {
       if (current_function_) {
-        caller_to_callee_[current_function_->symbol()].push_back(
+        caller_to_callee_[current_function_->declaration->symbol()].push_back(
             ident->symbol());
 
-        auto* callee_func = builder_->AST().Functions().Find(ident->symbol());
-        if (callee_func == nullptr) {
+        auto callee_func_it = symbol_to_function_.find(ident->symbol());
+        if (callee_func_it == symbol_to_function_.end()) {
           set_error(expr->source(),
                     "unable to find called function: " +
                         builder_->Symbols().NameFor(ident->symbol()));
           return false;
         }
+        auto* callee_func = callee_func_it->second;
 
         // We inherit any referenced variables from the callee.
-        for (auto* var : callee_func->referenced_module_variables()) {
+        for (auto* var : callee_func->referenced_module_vars) {
           set_referenced_from_function_if_needed(var, false);
         }
       }
@@ -828,7 +835,7 @@
 
   auto iter = symbol_to_function_.find(symbol);
   if (iter != symbol_to_function_.end()) {
-    SetType(expr, iter->second->return_type());
+    SetType(expr, iter->second->declaration->return_type());
     return true;
   }
 
@@ -1204,4 +1211,25 @@
                              builder_->create<semantic::Expression>(type));
 }
 
+void TypeDeterminer::CreateSemanticFunctions() const {
+  for (auto it : function_to_info_) {
+    auto* func = it.first;
+    auto* info = it.second;
+    if (builder_->Sem().Get(func)) {
+      // ast::Function already has a semantic::Function node.
+      // This is likely via explicit call to DetermineXXX() in test.
+      continue;
+    }
+    builder_->Sem().Add(func, builder_->create<semantic::Function>(
+                                  info->referenced_module_vars,
+                                  info->local_referenced_module_vars,
+                                  info->ancestor_entry_points));
+  }
+}
+
+TypeDeterminer::FunctionInfo::FunctionInfo(ast::Function* decl)
+    : declaration(decl) {}
+
+TypeDeterminer::FunctionInfo::~FunctionInfo() = default;
+
 }  // namespace tint
diff --git a/src/type_determiner.h b/src/type_determiner.h
index 663b588..6f7e3f3 100644
--- a/src/type_determiner.h
+++ b/src/type_determiner.h
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 
 #include <string>
 #include <unordered_map>
+#include <unordered_set>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "src/ast/module.h"
@@ -98,6 +99,10 @@
   /// @returns false on error
   bool DetermineStorageTextureSubtype(type::StorageTexture* tex);
 
+  /// Creates the semantic::Function nodes and adds them to the semantic::Info
+  /// of the ProgramBuilder.
+  void CreateSemanticFunctions() const;
+
   /// Testing method to set a given variable into the type stack
   /// @param var the variable to set
   void RegisterVariableForTesting(ast::Variable* var) {
@@ -123,6 +128,37 @@
   bool SetIntrinsicIfNeeded(ast::IdentifierExpression* ident);
 
  private:
+  template <typename T>
+  struct UniqueVector {
+    using ConstIterator = typename std::vector<T>::const_iterator;
+
+    void Add(const T& val) {
+      if (set.count(val) == 0) {
+        vector.emplace_back(val);
+        set.emplace(val);
+      }
+    }
+    ConstIterator begin() const { return vector.begin(); }
+    ConstIterator end() const { return vector.end(); }
+    operator const std::vector<T> &() const { return vector; }
+
+   private:
+    std::vector<T> vector;
+    std::unordered_set<T> set;
+  };
+
+  /// Structure holding semantic information about a function.
+  /// Used to build the semantic::Function nodes at the end of resolving.
+  struct FunctionInfo {
+    explicit FunctionInfo(ast::Function* decl);
+    ~FunctionInfo();
+
+    ast::Function* const declaration;
+    UniqueVector<ast::Variable*> referenced_module_vars;
+    UniqueVector<ast::Variable*> local_referenced_module_vars;
+    UniqueVector<Symbol> ancestor_entry_points;
+  };
+
   void set_error(const Source& src, const std::string& msg);
   void set_referenced_from_function_if_needed(ast::Variable* var, bool local);
   void set_entry_points(const Symbol& fn_sym, Symbol ep_sym);
@@ -153,8 +189,10 @@
   ProgramBuilder* builder_;
   std::string error_;
   ScopeStack<ast::Variable*> variable_stack_;
-  std::unordered_map<Symbol, ast::Function*> symbol_to_function_;
-  ast::Function* current_function_ = nullptr;
+  std::unordered_map<Symbol, FunctionInfo*> symbol_to_function_;
+  std::unordered_map<ast::Function*, FunctionInfo*> function_to_info_;
+  FunctionInfo* current_function_ = nullptr;
+  BlockAllocator<FunctionInfo> function_infos_;
 
   // Map from caller functions to callee functions.
   std::unordered_map<Symbol, std::vector<Symbol>> caller_to_callee_;
diff --git a/src/type_determiner_test.cc b/src/type_determiner_test.cc
index 8559765..2c749d9 100644
--- a/src/type_determiner_test.cc
+++ b/src/type_determiner_test.cc
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@
 #include "src/ast/variable_decl_statement.h"
 #include "src/program_builder.h"
 #include "src/semantic/expression.h"
+#include "src/semantic/function.h"
 #include "src/type/alias_type.h"
 #include "src/type/array_type.h"
 #include "src/type/bool_type.h"
@@ -659,7 +660,10 @@
   // Register the function
   EXPECT_TRUE(td()->Determine());
 
-  const auto& vars = func->referenced_module_variables();
+  auto* func_sem = Sem().Get(func);
+  ASSERT_NE(func_sem, nullptr);
+
+  const auto& vars = func_sem->ReferencedModuleVariables();
   ASSERT_EQ(vars.size(), 5u);
   EXPECT_EQ(vars[0], out_var);
   EXPECT_EQ(vars[1], in_var);
@@ -700,7 +704,10 @@
   // Register the function
   EXPECT_TRUE(td()->Determine());
 
-  const auto& vars = func2->referenced_module_variables();
+  auto* func2_sem = Sem().Get(func2);
+  ASSERT_NE(func2_sem, nullptr);
+
+  const auto& vars = func2_sem->ReferencedModuleVariables();
   ASSERT_EQ(vars.size(), 5u);
   EXPECT_EQ(vars[0], out_var);
   EXPECT_EQ(vars[1], in_var);
@@ -726,7 +733,10 @@
   // Register the function
   EXPECT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
 
-  EXPECT_EQ(func->referenced_module_variables().size(), 0u);
+  auto* func_sem = Sem().Get(func);
+  ASSERT_NE(func_sem, nullptr);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(func_sem->ReferencedModuleVariables().size(), 0u);
 }
 
 TEST_F(TypeDeterminerTest, Expr_MemberAccessor_Struct) {
@@ -2284,22 +2294,33 @@
   // Register the functions and calculate the callers
   ASSERT_TRUE(td()->Determine()) << td()->error();
 
-  const auto& b_eps = func_b->ancestor_entry_points();
+  auto* func_b_sem = Sem().Get(func_b);
+  auto* func_a_sem = Sem().Get(func_a);
+  auto* func_c_sem = Sem().Get(func_c);
+  auto* ep_1_sem = Sem().Get(ep_1);
+  auto* ep_2_sem = Sem().Get(ep_2);
+  ASSERT_NE(func_b_sem, nullptr);
+  ASSERT_NE(func_a_sem, nullptr);
+  ASSERT_NE(func_c_sem, nullptr);
+  ASSERT_NE(ep_1_sem, nullptr);
+  ASSERT_NE(ep_2_sem, nullptr);
+
+  const auto& b_eps = func_b_sem->AncestorEntryPoints();
   ASSERT_EQ(2u, b_eps.size());
   EXPECT_EQ(Symbols().Register("ep_1"), b_eps[0]);
   EXPECT_EQ(Symbols().Register("ep_2"), b_eps[1]);
 
-  const auto& a_eps = func_a->ancestor_entry_points();
+  const auto& a_eps = func_a_sem->AncestorEntryPoints();
   ASSERT_EQ(1u, a_eps.size());
   EXPECT_EQ(Symbols().Register("ep_1"), a_eps[0]);
 
-  const auto& c_eps = func_c->ancestor_entry_points();
+  const auto& c_eps = func_c_sem->AncestorEntryPoints();
   ASSERT_EQ(2u, c_eps.size());
   EXPECT_EQ(Symbols().Register("ep_1"), c_eps[0]);
   EXPECT_EQ(Symbols().Register("ep_2"), c_eps[1]);
 
-  EXPECT_TRUE(ep_1->ancestor_entry_points().empty());
-  EXPECT_TRUE(ep_2->ancestor_entry_points().empty());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(ep_1_sem->AncestorEntryPoints().empty());
+  EXPECT_TRUE(ep_2_sem->AncestorEntryPoints().empty());
 }
 
 using TypeDeterminerTextureIntrinsicTest =
diff --git a/src/writer/hlsl/generator_impl.cc b/src/writer/hlsl/generator_impl.cc
index 0904082..62e52e5 100644
--- a/src/writer/hlsl/generator_impl.cc
+++ b/src/writer/hlsl/generator_impl.cc
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
 #include "src/ast/variable_decl_statement.h"
 #include "src/program_builder.h"
 #include "src/semantic/expression.h"
+#include "src/semantic/function.h"
 #include "src/type/access_control_type.h"
 #include "src/type/alias_type.h"
 #include "src/type/array_type.h"
@@ -591,15 +592,17 @@
 
   out << name << "(";
 
+  auto* func_sem = builder_.Sem().Get(func);
+
   bool first = true;
-  if (has_referenced_in_var_needing_struct(func)) {
+  if (has_referenced_in_var_needing_struct(func_sem)) {
     auto var_name = current_ep_var_name(VarType::kIn);
     if (!var_name.empty()) {
       out << var_name;
       first = false;
     }
   }
-  if (has_referenced_out_var_needing_struct(func)) {
+  if (has_referenced_out_var_needing_struct(func_sem)) {
     auto var_name = current_ep_var_name(VarType::kOut);
     if (!var_name.empty()) {
       if (!first) {
@@ -1223,15 +1226,16 @@
   return true;
 }
 
-bool GeneratorImpl::has_referenced_in_var_needing_struct(ast::Function* func) {
-  for (auto data : func->referenced_location_variables()) {
+bool GeneratorImpl::has_referenced_in_var_needing_struct(
+    const semantic::Function* func) {
+  for (auto data : func->ReferencedLocationVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     if (var->storage_class() == ast::StorageClass::kInput) {
       return true;
     }
   }
 
-  for (auto data : func->referenced_builtin_variables()) {
+  for (auto data : func->ReferencedBuiltinVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     if (var->storage_class() == ast::StorageClass::kInput) {
       return true;
@@ -1240,15 +1244,16 @@
   return false;
 }
 
-bool GeneratorImpl::has_referenced_out_var_needing_struct(ast::Function* func) {
-  for (auto data : func->referenced_location_variables()) {
+bool GeneratorImpl::has_referenced_out_var_needing_struct(
+    const semantic::Function* func) {
+  for (auto data : func->ReferencedLocationVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     if (var->storage_class() == ast::StorageClass::kOutput) {
       return true;
     }
   }
 
-  for (auto data : func->referenced_builtin_variables()) {
+  for (auto data : func->ReferencedBuiltinVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     if (var->storage_class() == ast::StorageClass::kOutput) {
       return true;
@@ -1257,8 +1262,9 @@
   return false;
 }
 
-bool GeneratorImpl::has_referenced_var_needing_struct(ast::Function* func) {
-  for (auto data : func->referenced_location_variables()) {
+bool GeneratorImpl::has_referenced_var_needing_struct(
+    const semantic::Function* func) {
+  for (auto data : func->ReferencedLocationVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     if (var->storage_class() == ast::StorageClass::kOutput ||
         var->storage_class() == ast::StorageClass::kInput) {
@@ -1266,7 +1272,7 @@
     }
   }
 
-  for (auto data : func->referenced_builtin_variables()) {
+  for (auto data : func->ReferencedBuiltinVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     if (var->storage_class() == ast::StorageClass::kOutput ||
         var->storage_class() == ast::StorageClass::kInput) {
@@ -1284,14 +1290,16 @@
     return true;
   }
 
+  auto* func_sem = builder_.Sem().Get(func);
+
   // TODO(dsinclair): This could be smarter. If the input/outputs for multiple
   // entry points are the same we could generate a single struct and then have
   // this determine it's the same struct and just emit once.
-  bool emit_duplicate_functions = func->ancestor_entry_points().size() > 0 &&
-                                  has_referenced_var_needing_struct(func);
+  bool emit_duplicate_functions = func_sem->AncestorEntryPoints().size() > 0 &&
+                                  has_referenced_var_needing_struct(func_sem);
 
   if (emit_duplicate_functions) {
-    for (const auto& ep_sym : func->ancestor_entry_points()) {
+    for (const auto& ep_sym : func_sem->AncestorEntryPoints()) {
       if (!EmitFunctionInternal(out, func, emit_duplicate_functions, ep_sym)) {
         return false;
       }
@@ -1394,7 +1402,10 @@
     std::unordered_set<Symbol>& emitted_globals) {
   std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, ast::VariableDecoration*>> in_variables;
   std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, ast::VariableDecoration*>> outvariables;
-  for (auto data : func->referenced_location_variables()) {
+  auto* func_sem = builder_.Sem().Get(func);
+  auto func_sym = func->symbol();
+
+  for (auto data : func_sem->ReferencedLocationVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     auto* deco = data.second;
 
@@ -1405,7 +1416,7 @@
     }
   }
 
-  for (auto data : func->referenced_builtin_variables()) {
+  for (auto data : func_sem->ReferencedBuiltinVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     auto* deco = data.second;
 
@@ -1417,7 +1428,7 @@
   }
 
   bool emitted_uniform = false;
-  for (auto data : func->referenced_uniform_variables()) {
+  for (auto data : func_sem->ReferencedUniformVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     // TODO(dsinclair): We're using the binding to make up the buffer number but
     // we should instead be using a provided mapping that uses both buffer and
@@ -1471,7 +1482,7 @@
   }
 
   bool emitted_storagebuffer = false;
-  for (auto data : func->referenced_storagebuffer_variables()) {
+  for (auto data : func_sem->ReferencedStoragebufferVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     auto* binding = data.second.binding;
 
@@ -1500,10 +1511,10 @@
   }
 
   if (!in_variables.empty()) {
-    auto in_struct_name = generate_name(
-        builder_.Symbols().NameFor(func->symbol()) + "_" + kInStructNameSuffix);
+    auto in_struct_name = generate_name(builder_.Symbols().NameFor(func_sym) +
+                                        "_" + kInStructNameSuffix);
     auto in_var_name = generate_name(kTintStructInVarPrefix);
-    ep_sym_to_in_data_[func->symbol()] = {in_struct_name, in_var_name};
+    ep_sym_to_in_data_[func_sym] = {in_struct_name, in_var_name};
 
     make_indent(out);
     out << "struct " << in_struct_name << " {" << std::endl;
@@ -1547,11 +1558,10 @@
   }
 
   if (!outvariables.empty()) {
-    auto outstruct_name =
-        generate_name(builder_.Symbols().NameFor(func->symbol()) + "_" +
-                      kOutStructNameSuffix);
+    auto outstruct_name = generate_name(builder_.Symbols().NameFor(func_sym) +
+                                        "_" + kOutStructNameSuffix);
     auto outvar_name = generate_name(kTintStructOutVarPrefix);
-    ep_sym_to_out_data_[func->symbol()] = {outstruct_name, outvar_name};
+    ep_sym_to_out_data_[func_sym] = {outstruct_name, outvar_name};
 
     make_indent(out);
     out << "struct " << outstruct_name << " {" << std::endl;
diff --git a/src/writer/hlsl/generator_impl.h b/src/writer/hlsl/generator_impl.h
index 07f65c6..24089ae 100644
--- a/src/writer/hlsl/generator_impl.h
+++ b/src/writer/hlsl/generator_impl.h
@@ -356,16 +356,16 @@
   /// Determines if the function needs the input struct passed to it.
   /// @param func the function to check
   /// @returns true if there are input struct variables used in the function
-  bool has_referenced_in_var_needing_struct(ast::Function* func);
+  bool has_referenced_in_var_needing_struct(const semantic::Function* func);
   /// Determines if the function needs the output struct passed to it.
   /// @param func the function to check
   /// @returns true if there are output struct variables used in the function
-  bool has_referenced_out_var_needing_struct(ast::Function* func);
+  bool has_referenced_out_var_needing_struct(const semantic::Function* func);
   /// Determines if any used program variable requires an input or output
   /// struct.
   /// @param func the function to check
   /// @returns true if an input or output struct is required.
-  bool has_referenced_var_needing_struct(ast::Function* func);
+  bool has_referenced_var_needing_struct(const semantic::Function* func);
 
   /// @returns the namer for testing
   Namer* namer_for_testing() { return &namer_; }
diff --git a/src/writer/msl/generator_impl.cc b/src/writer/msl/generator_impl.cc
index beb90f1..0f9d249 100644
--- a/src/writer/msl/generator_impl.cc
+++ b/src/writer/msl/generator_impl.cc
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@
 #include "src/ast/variable_decl_statement.h"
 #include "src/program.h"
 #include "src/semantic/expression.h"
+#include "src/semantic/function.h"
 #include "src/type/access_control_type.h"
 #include "src/type/alias_type.h"
 #include "src/type/array_type.h"
@@ -504,7 +505,8 @@
     }
   }
 
-  for (const auto& data : func->referenced_builtin_variables()) {
+  auto* func_sem = program_->Sem().Get(func);
+  for (const auto& data : func_sem->ReferencedBuiltinVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     if (var->storage_class() != ast::StorageClass::kInput) {
       continue;
@@ -516,7 +518,7 @@
     out_ << program_->Symbols().NameFor(var->symbol());
   }
 
-  for (const auto& data : func->referenced_uniform_variables()) {
+  for (const auto& data : func_sem->ReferencedUniformVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     if (!first) {
       out_ << ", ";
@@ -525,7 +527,7 @@
     out_ << program_->Symbols().NameFor(var->symbol());
   }
 
-  for (const auto& data : func->referenced_storagebuffer_variables()) {
+  for (const auto& data : func_sem->ReferencedStoragebufferVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     if (!first) {
       out_ << ", ";
@@ -1021,10 +1023,13 @@
 }
 
 bool GeneratorImpl::EmitEntryPointData(ast::Function* func) {
+  auto* func_sem = program_->Sem().Get(func);
+
   std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, uint32_t>> in_locations;
   std::vector<std::pair<ast::Variable*, ast::VariableDecoration*>>
       out_variables;
-  for (auto data : func->referenced_location_variables()) {
+
+  for (auto data : func_sem->ReferencedLocationVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     auto* deco = data.second;
 
@@ -1035,7 +1040,7 @@
     }
   }
 
-  for (auto data : func->referenced_builtin_variables()) {
+  for (auto data : func_sem->ReferencedBuiltinVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     auto* deco = data.second;
 
@@ -1183,7 +1188,8 @@
 }
 
 bool GeneratorImpl::has_referenced_in_var_needing_struct(ast::Function* func) {
-  for (auto data : func->referenced_location_variables()) {
+  auto* func_sem = program_->Sem().Get(func);
+  for (auto data : func_sem->ReferencedLocationVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     if (var->storage_class() == ast::StorageClass::kInput) {
       return true;
@@ -1193,14 +1199,16 @@
 }
 
 bool GeneratorImpl::has_referenced_out_var_needing_struct(ast::Function* func) {
-  for (auto data : func->referenced_location_variables()) {
+  auto* func_sem = program_->Sem().Get(func);
+
+  for (auto data : func_sem->ReferencedLocationVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     if (var->storage_class() == ast::StorageClass::kOutput) {
       return true;
     }
   }
 
-  for (auto data : func->referenced_builtin_variables()) {
+  for (auto data : func_sem->ReferencedBuiltinVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     if (var->storage_class() == ast::StorageClass::kOutput) {
       return true;
@@ -1215,6 +1223,8 @@
 }
 
 bool GeneratorImpl::EmitFunction(ast::Function* func) {
+  auto* func_sem = program_->Sem().Get(func);
+
   make_indent();
 
   // Entry points will be emitted later, skip for now.
@@ -1225,11 +1235,11 @@
   // TODO(dsinclair): This could be smarter. If the input/outputs for multiple
   // entry points are the same we could generate a single struct and then have
   // this determine it's the same struct and just emit once.
-  bool emit_duplicate_functions = func->ancestor_entry_points().size() > 0 &&
+  bool emit_duplicate_functions = func_sem->AncestorEntryPoints().size() > 0 &&
                                   has_referenced_var_needing_struct(func);
 
   if (emit_duplicate_functions) {
-    for (const auto& ep_sym : func->ancestor_entry_points()) {
+    for (const auto& ep_sym : func_sem->AncestorEntryPoints()) {
       if (!EmitFunctionInternal(func, emit_duplicate_functions, ep_sym)) {
         return false;
       }
@@ -1249,6 +1259,8 @@
 bool GeneratorImpl::EmitFunctionInternal(ast::Function* func,
                                          bool emit_duplicate_functions,
                                          Symbol ep_sym) {
+  auto* func_sem = program_->Sem().Get(func);
+
   auto name = func->symbol().to_str();
   if (!EmitType(func->return_type(), "")) {
     return false;
@@ -1294,7 +1306,7 @@
     }
   }
 
-  for (const auto& data : func->referenced_builtin_variables()) {
+  for (const auto& data : func_sem->ReferencedBuiltinVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     if (var->storage_class() != ast::StorageClass::kInput) {
       continue;
@@ -1311,7 +1323,7 @@
     out_ << "& " << program_->Symbols().NameFor(var->symbol());
   }
 
-  for (const auto& data : func->referenced_uniform_variables()) {
+  for (const auto& data : func_sem->ReferencedUniformVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     if (!first) {
       out_ << ", ";
@@ -1326,7 +1338,7 @@
     out_ << "& " << program_->Symbols().NameFor(var->symbol());
   }
 
-  for (const auto& data : func->referenced_storagebuffer_variables()) {
+  for (const auto& data : func_sem->ReferencedStoragebufferVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     if (!first) {
       out_ << ", ";
@@ -1404,6 +1416,8 @@
 }
 
 bool GeneratorImpl::EmitEntryPointFunction(ast::Function* func) {
+  auto* func_sem = program_->Sem().Get(func);
+
   make_indent();
 
   current_ep_sym_ = func->symbol();
@@ -1431,7 +1445,7 @@
     first = false;
   }
 
-  for (auto data : func->referenced_builtin_variables()) {
+  for (auto data : func_sem->ReferencedBuiltinVariables()) {
     auto* var = data.first;
     if (var->storage_class() != ast::StorageClass::kInput) {
       continue;
@@ -1457,7 +1471,7 @@
          << "]]";
   }
 
-  for (auto data : func->referenced_uniform_variables()) {
+  for (auto data : func_sem->ReferencedUniformVariables()) {
     if (!first) {
       out_ << ", ";
     }
@@ -1485,7 +1499,7 @@
          << binding->value() << ")]]";
   }
 
-  for (auto data : func->referenced_storagebuffer_variables()) {
+  for (auto data : func_sem->ReferencedStoragebufferVariables()) {
     if (!first) {
       out_ << ", ";
     }
diff --git a/src/writer/spirv/builder.cc b/src/writer/spirv/builder.cc
index d9b936f..645c6b4 100644
--- a/src/writer/spirv/builder.cc
+++ b/src/writer/spirv/builder.cc
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@
 #include "src/ast/variable_decl_statement.h"
 #include "src/program.h"
 #include "src/semantic/expression.h"
+#include "src/semantic/function.h"
 #include "src/type/access_control_type.h"
 #include "src/type/alias_type.h"
 #include "src/type/array_type.h"
@@ -457,7 +458,8 @@
       Operand::Int(stage), Operand::Int(id),
       Operand::String(builder_.Symbols().NameFor(func->symbol()))};
 
-  for (const auto* var : func->referenced_module_variables()) {
+  auto* func_sem = builder_.Sem().Get(func);
+  for (const auto* var : func_sem->ReferencedModuleVariables()) {
     // For SPIR-V 1.3 we only output Input/output variables. If we update to
     // SPIR-V 1.4 or later this should be all variables.
     if (var->storage_class() != ast::StorageClass::kInput &&
@@ -496,7 +498,8 @@
          Operand::Int(x), Operand::Int(y), Operand::Int(z)});
   }
 
-  for (auto builtin : func->referenced_builtin_variables()) {
+  auto* func_sem = builder_.Sem().Get(func);
+  for (auto builtin : func_sem->ReferencedBuiltinVariables()) {
     if (builtin.second->value() == ast::Builtin::kFragDepth) {
       push_execution_mode(
           spv::Op::OpExecutionMode,
diff --git a/src/writer/spirv/builder_function_decoration_test.cc b/src/writer/spirv/builder_function_decoration_test.cc
index d904ca7..71e8291 100644
--- a/src/writer/spirv/builder_function_decoration_test.cc
+++ b/src/writer/spirv/builder_function_decoration_test.cc
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #include "src/ast/stage_decoration.h"
 #include "src/ast/variable.h"
 #include "src/ast/workgroup_decoration.h"
+#include "src/semantic/function.h"
 #include "src/type_determiner.h"
 #include "src/writer/spirv/builder.h"
 #include "src/writer/spirv/spv_dump.h"
@@ -153,12 +154,6 @@
   AST().AddGlobalVariable(v_out);
   AST().AddGlobalVariable(v_wg);
 
-  td.RegisterVariableForTesting(v_in);
-  td.RegisterVariableForTesting(v_out);
-  td.RegisterVariableForTesting(v_wg);
-
-  ASSERT_TRUE(td.DetermineFunction(func)) << td.error();
-
   spirv::Builder& b = Build();
 
   EXPECT_TRUE(b.GenerateGlobalVariable(v_in)) << b.error();
@@ -285,8 +280,6 @@
            },
            ast::FunctionDecorationList{});
 
-  func->add_referenced_module_variable(fragdepth);
-
   spirv::Builder& b = Build();
 
   ASSERT_TRUE(b.GenerateExecutionModes(func, 3)) << b.error();
diff --git a/src/writer/wgsl/generator_impl.cc b/src/writer/wgsl/generator_impl.cc
index eeb4dcd..7410675 100644
--- a/src/writer/wgsl/generator_impl.cc
+++ b/src/writer/wgsl/generator_impl.cc
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@
 #include "src/ast/variable_decl_statement.h"
 #include "src/ast/workgroup_decoration.h"
 #include "src/program.h"
+#include "src/semantic/function.h"
 #include "src/type/access_control_type.h"
 #include "src/type/alias_type.h"
 #include "src/type/array_type.h"
@@ -146,7 +147,7 @@
   }
 
   bool found_func_variable = false;
-  for (auto* var : func->referenced_module_variables()) {
+  for (auto* var : program_->Sem().Get(func)->ReferencedModuleVariables()) {
     if (!EmitVariable(var)) {
       return false;
     }
@@ -157,7 +158,8 @@
   }
 
   for (auto* f : program_->AST().Functions()) {
-    if (!f->HasAncestorEntryPoint(program_->Symbols().Get(name))) {
+    auto* f_sem = program_->Sem().Get(f);
+    if (!f_sem->HasAncestorEntryPoint(program_->Symbols().Get(name))) {
       continue;
     }