tint/resolver: Track evaluation stage

Keep track of the earliest evaluation point for an expression.
Required to properly track what can be assigned to a `const`, `override`, `let`, `var`.

Bug: tint:1601
Bug: chromium:1343242
Change-Id: I301eec21b71e9036dc1bf6c9af8079317d724762
Reviewed-on: https://dawn-review.googlesource.com/c/dawn/+/95949
Kokoro: Kokoro <noreply+kokoro@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Antonio Maiorano <amaiorano@google.com>
Commit-Queue: Ben Clayton <bclayton@google.com>
diff --git a/src/tint/sem/expression.cc b/src/tint/sem/expression.cc
index 4415db5..cdaa2bc 100644
--- a/src/tint/sem/expression.cc
+++ b/src/tint/sem/expression.cc
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 Expression::Expression(const ast::Expression* declaration,
                        const sem::Type* type,
+                       EvaluationStage stage,
                        const Statement* statement,
                        const Constant* constant,
                        bool has_side_effects,
@@ -31,10 +32,12 @@
     : declaration_(declaration),
       source_variable_(source_var),
       type_(type),
+      stage_(stage),
       statement_(statement),
       constant_(std::move(constant)),
       has_side_effects_(has_side_effects) {
     TINT_ASSERT(Semantic, type_);
+    TINT_ASSERT(Semantic, (constant != nullptr) == (stage == EvaluationStage::kConstant));
 }
 
 Expression::~Expression() = default;