code refactoring: const color values

BUG=
Change-Id: I6f394fd8ae45d30e1e3846b9a7a03f51efb8a475
Reviewed-on: https://dawn-review.googlesource.com/c/dawn/+/13660
Reviewed-by: Corentin Wallez <cwallez@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Austin Eng <enga@chromium.org>
Commit-Queue: Yunchao He <yunchao.he@intel.com>
diff --git a/src/tests/DawnTest.h b/src/tests/DawnTest.h
index 91d64d1..bada502 100644
--- a/src/tests/DawnTest.h
+++ b/src/tests/DawnTest.h
@@ -77,6 +77,13 @@
 };
 std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& stream, const RGBA8& color);
 
+constexpr RGBA8 kZero(0, 0, 0, 0);
+constexpr RGBA8 kBlack(0, 0, 0, 255);
+constexpr RGBA8 kRed(255, 0, 0, 255);
+constexpr RGBA8 kGreen(0, 255, 0, 255);
+constexpr RGBA8 kBlue(0, 0, 255, 255);
+constexpr RGBA8 kWhite(255, 255, 255, 255);
+
 struct DawnTestParam {
     explicit DawnTestParam(dawn_native::BackendType backendType) : backendType(backendType) {
     }
diff --git a/src/tests/end2end/ClipSpaceTests.cpp b/src/tests/end2end/ClipSpaceTests.cpp
index 5354330..e00c4a1 100644
--- a/src/tests/end2end/ClipSpaceTests.cpp
+++ b/src/tests/end2end/ClipSpaceTests.cpp
@@ -95,8 +95,8 @@
     wgpu::Queue queue = device.CreateQueue();
     queue.Submit(1, &commandBuffer);
 
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(255, 0, 0, 255), colorTexture, kSize - 1, kSize - 1);
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), colorTexture, 0, 0);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kRed, colorTexture, kSize - 1, kSize - 1);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, colorTexture, 0, 0);
 }
 
 DAWN_INSTANTIATE_TEST(ClipSpaceTest, D3D12Backend, MetalBackend, OpenGLBackend, VulkanBackend);
diff --git a/src/tests/end2end/CompressedTextureFormatTests.cpp b/src/tests/end2end/CompressedTextureFormatTests.cpp
index e632883..e751029 100644
--- a/src/tests/end2end/CompressedTextureFormatTests.cpp
+++ b/src/tests/end2end/CompressedTextureFormatTests.cpp
@@ -356,9 +356,6 @@
     // RGBA8 formats.
     static std::vector<RGBA8> GetExpectedData(wgpu::TextureFormat bcFormat,
                                               const wgpu::Extent3D& testRegion) {
-        constexpr RGBA8 kRed(255, 0, 0, 255);
-        constexpr RGBA8 kGreen(0, 255, 0, 255);
-        constexpr RGBA8 kBlack(0, 0, 0, 255);
         constexpr RGBA8 kDarkRed(198, 0, 0, 255);
         constexpr RGBA8 kDarkGreen(0, 207, 0, 255);
         constexpr RGBA8 kDarkRedSRGB(144, 0, 0, 255);
diff --git a/src/tests/end2end/CullingTests.cpp b/src/tests/end2end/CullingTests.cpp
index a0ce761..a61e900 100644
--- a/src/tests/end2end/CullingTests.cpp
+++ b/src/tests/end2end/CullingTests.cpp
@@ -90,9 +90,9 @@
         wgpu::Queue queue = device.CreateQueue();
         queue.Submit(1, &commandBuffer);
 
-        constexpr RGBA8 kTopLeftColor = RGBA8(0, 0, 0, 255);
+        constexpr RGBA8 kTopLeftColor = kBlack;
         constexpr RGBA8 kBottomRightColor = RGBA8(3, 3, 0, 255);
-        constexpr RGBA8 kBackgroundColor = RGBA8(0, 0, 255, 255);
+        constexpr RGBA8 kBackgroundColor = kBlue;
 
         RGBA8 kCCWTriangleTopLeftColor = isCCWTriangleCulled ? kBackgroundColor : kTopLeftColor;
         EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kCCWTriangleTopLeftColor, colorTexture, 0, 0);
diff --git a/src/tests/end2end/IndexFormatTests.cpp b/src/tests/end2end/IndexFormatTests.cpp
index 7bf118d..0404cf7 100644
--- a/src/tests/end2end/IndexFormatTests.cpp
+++ b/src/tests/end2end/IndexFormatTests.cpp
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@
     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);
 
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 100, 300);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 100, 300);
 }
 
 // Test that the Uint16 index format is correctly interpreted
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@
     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);
 
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 100, 300);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 100, 300);
 }
 
 // Test for primitive restart use vertices like in the drawing and draw the following
@@ -164,9 +164,9 @@
     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);
 
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 190, 190);  // A
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 210, 210);  // B
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 0, 0, 0), renderPass.color, 210, 190);      // C
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 190, 190);  // A
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 210, 210);  // B
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kZero, renderPass.color, 210, 190);   // C
 }
 
 // Test use of primitive restart with an Uint16 index format
@@ -206,9 +206,9 @@
     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);
 
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 190, 190);  // A
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 210, 210);  // B
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 0, 0, 0), renderPass.color, 210, 190);      // C
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 190, 190);  // A
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 210, 210);  // B
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kZero, renderPass.color, 210, 190);   // C
 }
 
 // Test that the index format used is the format of the last set pipeline. This is to
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@
     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);
 
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 100, 300);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 100, 300);
 }
 
 // Test that setting the index buffer before the pipeline works, this is important
diff --git a/src/tests/end2end/PrimitiveTopologyTests.cpp b/src/tests/end2end/PrimitiveTopologyTests.cpp
index 81b79d0..6f888a3 100644
--- a/src/tests/end2end/PrimitiveTopologyTests.cpp
+++ b/src/tests/end2end/PrimitiveTopologyTests.cpp
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@
             for (auto& locationSpec : locationSpecs) {
                 for (size_t i = 0; i < locationSpec.count; ++i) {
                     // If this pixel is included, check that it is green. Otherwise, check that it is black
-                    RGBA8 color = locationSpec.include ? RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255) : RGBA8(0, 0, 0, 0);
+                    RGBA8 color = locationSpec.include ? kGreen : kZero;
                     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(color, renderPass.color, locationSpec.locations[i].x, locationSpec.locations[i].y)
                         << "Expected (" << locationSpec.locations[i].x << ", " << locationSpec.locations[i].y << ") to be " << color;
                 }
diff --git a/src/tests/end2end/RenderBundleTests.cpp b/src/tests/end2end/RenderBundleTests.cpp
index e101038..9eec108 100644
--- a/src/tests/end2end/RenderBundleTests.cpp
+++ b/src/tests/end2end/RenderBundleTests.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 #include "utils/WGPUHelpers.h"
 
 constexpr uint32_t kRTSize = 4;
-constexpr RGBA8 kColors[2] = {RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), RGBA8(0, 0, 255, 255)};
+constexpr RGBA8 kColors[2] = {kGreen, kBlue};
 
 // RenderBundleTest tests simple usage of RenderBundles to draw. The implementaiton
 // of RenderBundle is shared significantly with render pass execution which is
diff --git a/src/tests/end2end/RenderPassLoadOpTests.cpp b/src/tests/end2end/RenderPassLoadOpTests.cpp
index 1847521..7a51e28 100644
--- a/src/tests/end2end/RenderPassLoadOpTests.cpp
+++ b/src/tests/end2end/RenderPassLoadOpTests.cpp
@@ -71,14 +71,11 @@
 
             renderTargetView = renderTarget.CreateView();
 
-            RGBA8 zero(0, 0, 0, 0);
-            std::fill(expectZero.begin(), expectZero.end(), zero);
+            std::fill(expectZero.begin(), expectZero.end(), kZero);
 
-            RGBA8 green(0, 255, 0, 255);
-            std::fill(expectGreen.begin(), expectGreen.end(), green);
+            std::fill(expectGreen.begin(), expectGreen.end(), kGreen);
 
-            RGBA8 blue(0, 0, 255, 255);
-            std::fill(expectBlue.begin(), expectBlue.end(), blue);
+            std::fill(expectBlue.begin(), expectBlue.end(), kBlue);
 
             // draws a blue quad on the right half of the screen
             const char* vsSource = R"(
diff --git a/src/tests/end2end/RenderPassTests.cpp b/src/tests/end2end/RenderPassTests.cpp
index 6d7660f..8ea5b22 100644
--- a/src/tests/end2end/RenderPassTests.cpp
+++ b/src/tests/end2end/RenderPassTests.cpp
@@ -76,10 +76,6 @@
       // This test is consistently failing on OpenGL and flaky on Metal.
       return;
     }
-    constexpr RGBA8 kRed(255, 0, 0, 255);
-    constexpr RGBA8 kGreen(0, 255, 0, 255);
-
-    constexpr RGBA8 kBlue(0, 0, 255, 255);
 
     wgpu::Texture renderTarget1 = CreateDefault2DTexture();
     wgpu::Texture renderTarget2 = CreateDefault2DTexture();
@@ -165,8 +161,6 @@
     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);
 
-    constexpr RGBA8 kRed(255, 0, 0, 255);
-    constexpr RGBA8 kBlue(0, 0, 255, 255);
     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kBlue, renderTarget, 2, kRTSize - 1);
     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kRed, renderTarget, kRTSize - 1, 1);
 }
diff --git a/src/tests/end2end/SamplerTests.cpp b/src/tests/end2end/SamplerTests.cpp
index bfcc1e7..1d5fa84 100644
--- a/src/tests/end2end/SamplerTests.cpp
+++ b/src/tests/end2end/SamplerTests.cpp
@@ -108,10 +108,8 @@
         // Create a 2x2 checkerboard texture, with black in the top left and bottom right corners.
         const uint32_t rowPixels = kTextureRowPitchAlignment / sizeof(RGBA8);
         RGBA8 data[rowPixels * 2];
-        RGBA8 black(0, 0, 0, 255);
-        RGBA8 white(255, 255, 255, 255);
-        data[0] = data[rowPixels + 1] = black;
-        data[1] = data[rowPixels] = white;
+        data[0] = data[rowPixels + 1] = kBlack;
+        data[1] = data[rowPixels] = kWhite;
 
         wgpu::Buffer stagingBuffer =
             utils::CreateBufferFromData(device, data, sizeof(data), wgpu::BufferUsage::CopySrc);
@@ -164,12 +162,10 @@
         RGBA8 expectedU3(u.mExpected3, u.mExpected3, u.mExpected3, 255);
         RGBA8 expectedV2(v.mExpected2, v.mExpected2, v.mExpected2, 255);
         RGBA8 expectedV3(v.mExpected3, v.mExpected3, v.mExpected3, 255);
-        RGBA8 black(0, 0, 0, 255);
-        RGBA8 white(255, 255, 255, 255);
-        EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(black, mRenderPass.color, 0, 0);
-        EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(white, mRenderPass.color, 0, 1);
-        EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(white, mRenderPass.color, 1, 0);
-        EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(black, mRenderPass.color, 1, 1);
+        EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kBlack, mRenderPass.color, 0, 0);
+        EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kWhite, mRenderPass.color, 0, 1);
+        EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kWhite, mRenderPass.color, 1, 0);
+        EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kBlack, mRenderPass.color, 1, 1);
         EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(expectedU2, mRenderPass.color, 2, 0);
         EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(expectedU3, mRenderPass.color, 3, 0);
         EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(expectedV2, mRenderPass.color, 0, 2);
diff --git a/src/tests/end2end/ScissorTests.cpp b/src/tests/end2end/ScissorTests.cpp
index b2c00c0..ebcf2e3 100644
--- a/src/tests/end2end/ScissorTests.cpp
+++ b/src/tests/end2end/ScissorTests.cpp
@@ -64,10 +64,10 @@
     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);
 
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 0, 0);
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 0, 99);
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 99, 0);
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 99, 99);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 0, 0);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 0, 99);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 99, 0);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 99, 99);
 }
 
 // Test setting the scissor to something larger than the attachments.
@@ -87,10 +87,10 @@
     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);
 
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 0, 0);
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 0, 99);
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 99, 0);
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 99, 99);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 0, 0);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 0, 99);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 99, 0);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 99, 99);
 }
 
 // Test setting a partial scissor (not empty, not full attachment)
@@ -116,11 +116,11 @@
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);
 
     // Test the two opposite corners of the scissor box. With one pixel inside and on outside
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 0, 0, 0), renderPass.color, kX - 1, kY - 1);
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, kX, kY);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kZero, renderPass.color, kX - 1, kY - 1);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, kX, kY);
 
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 0, 0, 0), renderPass.color, kX + kW, kY + kH);
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, kX + kW - 1, kY + kH - 1);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kZero, renderPass.color, kX + kW, kY + kH);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, kX + kW - 1, kY + kH - 1);
 }
 
 // Test that the scissor setting doesn't get inherited between renderpasses
@@ -146,10 +146,10 @@
     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);
 
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 0, 0);
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 0, 99);
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 99, 0);
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 99, 99);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 0, 0);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 0, 99);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 99, 0);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 99, 99);
 }
 
 DAWN_INSTANTIATE_TEST(ScissorTest, D3D12Backend, MetalBackend, OpenGLBackend, VulkanBackend);
diff --git a/src/tests/end2end/VertexFormatTests.cpp b/src/tests/end2end/VertexFormatTests.cpp
index 0286c97..f82c808 100644
--- a/src/tests/end2end/VertexFormatTests.cpp
+++ b/src/tests/end2end/VertexFormatTests.cpp
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@
         wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
         queue.Submit(1, &commands);
 
-        EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 0, 0);
+        EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 0, 0);
     }
 };
 
diff --git a/src/tests/end2end/VertexStateTests.cpp b/src/tests/end2end/VertexStateTests.cpp
index a2edad4..8b8051d 100644
--- a/src/tests/end2end/VertexStateTests.cpp
+++ b/src/tests/end2end/VertexStateTests.cpp
@@ -221,9 +221,9 @@
                 unsigned int x = kRTCellOffset + kRTCellSize * triangle;
                 unsigned int y = kRTCellOffset + kRTCellSize * instance;
                 if (triangle < triangles && instance < instances) {
-                    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, x, y);
+                    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, x, y);
                 } else {
-                    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 0, 0, 0), renderPass.color, x, y);
+                    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kZero, renderPass.color, x, y);
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -572,7 +572,7 @@
     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);
 
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 1, 1);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 1, 1);
 }
 
 DAWN_INSTANTIATE_TEST(OptionalVertexStateTest,
diff --git a/src/tests/end2end/ViewportOrientationTests.cpp b/src/tests/end2end/ViewportOrientationTests.cpp
index 95357da..3a764bf 100644
--- a/src/tests/end2end/ViewportOrientationTests.cpp
+++ b/src/tests/end2end/ViewportOrientationTests.cpp
@@ -58,10 +58,10 @@
     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);
 
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 0, 0);
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 0, 0, 0), renderPass.color, 0, 1);
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 0, 0, 0), renderPass.color, 1, 0);
-    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 0, 0, 0), renderPass.color, 1, 1);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kGreen, renderPass.color, 0, 0);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kZero, renderPass.color, 0, 1);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kZero, renderPass.color, 1, 0);
+    EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kZero, renderPass.color, 1, 1);
 }
 
 DAWN_INSTANTIATE_TEST(ViewportOrientationTests, D3D12Backend, MetalBackend, OpenGLBackend, VulkanBackend);
diff --git a/src/tests/end2end/ViewportTests.cpp b/src/tests/end2end/ViewportTests.cpp
index 35c201c..ed13f54 100644
--- a/src/tests/end2end/ViewportTests.cpp
+++ b/src/tests/end2end/ViewportTests.cpp
@@ -156,9 +156,9 @@
         queue.Submit(1, &commandBuffer);
 
         constexpr RGBA8 kColor[ColorTypeCount] = {
-            RGBA8(255, 0, 0, 255),  // top-left triangle is red
-            RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255),  // bottom-right triangle is green
-            RGBA8(0, 0, 255, 255),  // background is blue
+            kRed,  // top-left triangle is red
+            kGreen,  // bottom-right triangle is green
+            kBlue,  // background is blue
         };
 
         EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(kColor[info.topLeftPoint], colorTexture1, 0, 0);