src/tests/end2end/IndexFormatTests.cpp - dawn - Git at Google

 // Copyright 2017 The Dawn Authors
 //
 // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 // You may obtain a copy of the License at
 //
 //     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 //
 // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.

 #include "tests/DawnTest.h"

 #include "common/Assert.h"
 #include "utils/ComboRenderPipelineDescriptor.h"
 #include "utils/WGPUHelpers.h"

 constexpr uint32_t kRTSize = 400;

 class IndexFormatTest : public DawnTest {
   protected:
     void SetUp() override {
         DawnTest::SetUp();

         renderPass = utils::CreateBasicRenderPass(device, kRTSize, kRTSize);
     }

     utils::BasicRenderPass renderPass;

     wgpu::RenderPipeline MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat format,
         wgpu::PrimitiveTopology primitiveTopology = wgpu::PrimitiveTopology::TriangleStrip) {
         wgpu::ShaderModule vsModule = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
             struct VertexIn {
                 [[location(0)]] pos : vec4<f32>;
                 [[builtin(vertex_index)]] idx : u32;
             };

             [[stage(vertex)]] fn main(input : VertexIn) -> [[builtin(position)]] vec4<f32> {
                 // 0xFFFFFFFE is a designated invalid index used by some tests.
                 if (input.idx == 0xFFFFFFFEu) {
                     return vec4<f32>(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
                 }
                 return input.pos;
             })");

         wgpu::ShaderModule fsModule = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
             [[stage(fragment)]] fn main() -> [[location(0)]] vec4<f32> {
                 return vec4<f32>(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0);
             })");

         utils::ComboRenderPipelineDescriptor descriptor;
         descriptor.vertex.module = vsModule;
         descriptor.cFragment.module = fsModule;
         descriptor.primitive.topology = primitiveTopology;
         descriptor.primitive.stripIndexFormat = format;
         descriptor.vertex.bufferCount = 1;
         descriptor.cBuffers[0].arrayStride = 4 * sizeof(float);
         descriptor.cBuffers[0].attributeCount = 1;
         descriptor.cAttributes[0].format = wgpu::VertexFormat::Float32x4;
         descriptor.cTargets[0].format = renderPass.colorFormat;

         return device.CreateRenderPipeline(&descriptor);
     }
 };

 // Test that the Uint32 index format is correctly interpreted
 TEST_P(IndexFormatTest, Uint32) {
     wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline = MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);

     wgpu::Buffer vertexBuffer = utils::CreateBufferFromData<float>(
         device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Vertex,
         {-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,  // Note Vertices[0] = Vertices[1]
          -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f});
     // If this is interpreted as Uint16, then it would be 0, 1, 0, ... and would draw nothing.
     wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer =
         utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint32_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index, {1, 2, 3});

     wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
     {
         wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
         pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
         pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, vertexBuffer);
         pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
         pass.DrawIndexed(3);
         pass.EndPass();
     }

     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);

     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 100, 300);
 }

 // Test that the Uint16 index format is correctly interpreted
 TEST_P(IndexFormatTest, Uint16) {
     wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline = MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint16);

     wgpu::Buffer vertexBuffer = utils::CreateBufferFromData<float>(
         device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Vertex,
         {-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f});
     // If this is interpreted as uint32, it will have index 1 and 2 be both 0 and render nothing
     wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer =
         utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint16_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index, {1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0});

     wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
     {
         wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
         pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
         pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, vertexBuffer);
         pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint16);
         pass.DrawIndexed(3);
         pass.EndPass();
     }

     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);

     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 100, 300);
 }

 // Test that the index format used is the format of the last set pipeline. This is to
 // prevent a case in D3D12 where the index format would be captured from the last
 // pipeline on SetIndexBuffer.
 TEST_P(IndexFormatTest, ChangePipelineAfterSetIndexBuffer) {
     wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline32 = MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
     wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline16 = MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint16);

     wgpu::Buffer vertexBuffer = utils::CreateBufferFromData<float>(
         device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Vertex,
         {-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,  // Note Vertices[0] = Vertices[1]
          -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f});
     // If this is interpreted as Uint16, then it would be 0, 1, 0, ... and would draw nothing.
     wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer =
         utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint32_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index, {1, 2, 3});

     wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
     {
         wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
         pass.SetPipeline(pipeline16);
         pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, vertexBuffer);
         pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
         pass.SetPipeline(pipeline32);
         pass.DrawIndexed(3);
         pass.EndPass();
     }

     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);

     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 100, 300);
 }

 // Test that setting the index buffer before the pipeline works, this is important
 // for backends where the index format is passed inside the call to SetIndexBuffer
 // because it needs to be done lazily (to query the format from the last pipeline).
 TEST_P(IndexFormatTest, SetIndexBufferBeforeSetPipeline) {
     wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline = MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);

     wgpu::Buffer vertexBuffer = utils::CreateBufferFromData<float>(
         device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Vertex,
         {-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f});
     wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer =
         utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint32_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index, {0, 1, 2});

     wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
     {
         wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
         pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
         pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
         pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, vertexBuffer);
         pass.DrawIndexed(3);
         pass.EndPass();
     }

     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);

     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 100, 300);
 }

 // Test that index buffers of multiple formats can be used with a pipeline that
 // doesn't use strip primitive topology.
 TEST_P(IndexFormatTest, SetIndexBufferDifferentFormats) {
     wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline =
         MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Undefined, wgpu::PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList);

     wgpu::Buffer vertexBuffer = utils::CreateBufferFromData<float>(
         device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Vertex,
         {-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f});
     wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer32 =
         utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint32_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index, {0, 1, 2});
     wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer16 =
         utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint16_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index, {0, 1, 2, 0});

     wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
     {
         wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
         pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer32, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
         pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
         pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, vertexBuffer);
         pass.DrawIndexed(3);
         pass.EndPass();
     }

     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);

     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 100, 300);

     encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
     {
         wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
         pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer16, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint16);
         pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
         pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, vertexBuffer);
         pass.DrawIndexed(3);
         pass.EndPass();
     }

     commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);

     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 100, 300);
 }

 // Tests for primitive restart use vertices like in the drawing and draw the following
 // indices: 0 1 2 PRIM_RESTART 3 4 5. Then A and B should be written but not C.
 //      |--------------|
 //      |      0---1   |
 //      |       \ B|   |
 //      |         \|   |
 //      |  3   C   2   |
 //      |  |\          |
 //      |  |A \        |
 //      |  4---5       |
 //      |--------------|

 class TriangleStripPrimitiveRestartTests : public IndexFormatTest {
   protected:
     wgpu::Buffer mVertexBuffer;

     void SetUp() override {
         IndexFormatTest::SetUp();
         mVertexBuffer = utils::CreateBufferFromData<float>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Vertex,
                                                            {
                                                                0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,  // 0
                                                                1.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,  // 1
                                                                1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,  // 2
                                                                -1.0f, 0.0f,  0.0f, 1.0f,  // 3
                                                                -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,  // 4
                                                                0.0f,  -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,  // 5
                                                            });
     }
 };

 // Test use of primitive restart with an Uint32 index format
 TEST_P(TriangleStripPrimitiveRestartTests, Uint32PrimitiveRestart) {
     wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline = MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);

     wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer =
         utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint32_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index,
                                               {
                                                   0,
                                                   1,
                                                   2,
                                                   0xFFFFFFFFu,
                                                   3,
                                                   4,
                                                   5,
                                               });

     wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
     {
         wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
         pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
         pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, mVertexBuffer);
         pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
         pass.DrawIndexed(7);
         pass.EndPass();
     }

     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);

     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 50, 350);  // A
     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 350, 50);  // B
     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kZero, renderPass.color, 198, 200);  // C
 }

 // Same as the above test, but uses an OOB index to emulate primitive restart being disabled,
 // causing point C to be written to.
 TEST_P(TriangleStripPrimitiveRestartTests, Uint32WithoutPrimitiveRestart) {
     wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline = MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
     wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer =
         utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint32_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index,
                                               {
                                                   0,
                                                   1,
                                                   2,
                                                   // Not a valid index.
                                                   0xFFFFFFFEu,
                                                   3,
                                                   4,
                                                   5,
                                               });

     wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
     {
         wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
         pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
         pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, mVertexBuffer);
         pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
         pass.DrawIndexed(7);
         pass.EndPass();
     }

     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);

     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 50, 350);   // A
     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 350, 50);   // B
     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 198, 200);  // C
 }

 // Test use of primitive restart with an Uint16 index format
 TEST_P(TriangleStripPrimitiveRestartTests, Uint16PrimitiveRestart) {
     wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline = MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint16);

     wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer =
         utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint16_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index,
                                               {
                                                   0,
                                                   1,
                                                   2,
                                                   0xFFFFu,
                                                   3,
                                                   4,
                                                   5,
                                                   // This value is for padding.
                                                   0xFFFFu,
                                               });

     wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
     {
         wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
         pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
         pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, mVertexBuffer);
         pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint16);
         pass.DrawIndexed(7);
         pass.EndPass();
     }

     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);

     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 50, 350);  // A
     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 350, 50);  // B
     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kZero, renderPass.color, 198, 200);  // C
 }

 // Tests for primitive restart use vertices like in the drawing and draw the following
 // indices: 0 1 PRIM_RESTART 2 3. Then 1 and 2 should be written but not A.
 //      |--------------|
 //      |      3      0|
 //      |      |      ||
 //      |      |      ||
 //      |      2  A   1|
 //      |              |
 //      |              |
 //      |              |
 //      |--------------|

 class LineStripPrimitiveRestartTests : public IndexFormatTest {
   protected:
   protected:
     wgpu::Buffer mVertexBuffer;

     void SetUp() override {
         IndexFormatTest::SetUp();
         mVertexBuffer = utils::CreateBufferFromData<float>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Vertex,
                                                            {
                                                                1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,  // 0
                                                                1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,  // 1
                                                                0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,  // 2
                                                                0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f   // 3
                                                            });
     }
 };

 TEST_P(LineStripPrimitiveRestartTests, Uint32PrimitiveRestart) {
     wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline =
         MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32, wgpu::PrimitiveTopology::LineStrip);

     wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer = utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint32_t>(
         device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index, {0, 1, 0xFFFFFFFFu, 2, 3});

     wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
     {
         wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
         pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
         pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, mVertexBuffer);
         pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
         pass.DrawIndexed(5);
         pass.EndPass();
     }

     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);

     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 399, 199);  // 1
     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 199, 199);  // 2
     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kZero, renderPass.color, 300, 199);   // A
 }

 // Same as the above test, but uses an OOB index to emulate primitive restart being disabled,
 // causing point A to be written to.
 TEST_P(LineStripPrimitiveRestartTests, Uint32WithoutPrimitiveRestart) {
     wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline =
         MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32, wgpu::PrimitiveTopology::LineStrip);

     wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer =
         utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint32_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index,
                                               {0, 1,  // Not a valid index
                                                0xFFFFFFFEu, 2, 3});

     wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
     {
         wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
         pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
         pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, mVertexBuffer);
         pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
         pass.DrawIndexed(5);
         pass.EndPass();
     }

     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);

     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 399, 199);  // 1
     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 199, 199);  // 2
     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 300, 199);  // A
 }

 TEST_P(LineStripPrimitiveRestartTests, Uint16PrimitiveRestart) {
     wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline =
         MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint16, wgpu::PrimitiveTopology::LineStrip);

     wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer =
         utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint16_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index,
                                               {0, 1, 0xFFFFu, 2, 3,  // This value is for padding.
                                                0xFFFFu});

     wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
     {
         wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
         pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
         pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, mVertexBuffer);
         pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint16);
         pass.DrawIndexed(5);
         pass.EndPass();
     }

     wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
     queue.Submit(1, &commands);

     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 399, 199);  // 1
     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 199, 199);  // 2
     EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kZero, renderPass.color, 300, 199);   // A
 }

 DAWN_INSTANTIATE_TEST(IndexFormatTest,
                       D3D12Backend(),
                       MetalBackend(),
                       OpenGLBackend(),
                       OpenGLESBackend(),
                       VulkanBackend());
 DAWN_INSTANTIATE_TEST(TriangleStripPrimitiveRestartTests,
                       D3D12Backend(),
                       MetalBackend(),
                       OpenGLBackend(),
                       OpenGLESBackend(),
                       VulkanBackend());
 DAWN_INSTANTIATE_TEST(LineStripPrimitiveRestartTests,
                       D3D12Backend(),
                       MetalBackend(),
                       OpenGLBackend(),
                       OpenGLESBackend(),
                       VulkanBackend());
	// Copyright 2017 The Dawn Authors
	//
	// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
	// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
	// You may obtain a copy of the License at
	//
	// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
	//
	// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
	// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
	// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
	// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
	// limitations under the License.

	#include "tests/DawnTest.h"

	#include "common/Assert.h"
	#include "utils/ComboRenderPipelineDescriptor.h"
	#include "utils/WGPUHelpers.h"

	constexpr uint32_t kRTSize = 400;

	class IndexFormatTest : public DawnTest {
	protected:
	void SetUp() override {
	DawnTest::SetUp();

	renderPass = utils::CreateBasicRenderPass(device, kRTSize, kRTSize);
	}

	utils::BasicRenderPass renderPass;

	wgpu::RenderPipeline MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat format,
	wgpu::PrimitiveTopology primitiveTopology = wgpu::PrimitiveTopology::TriangleStrip) {
	wgpu::ShaderModule vsModule = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
	struct VertexIn {
	[[location(0)]] pos : vec4<f32>;
	[[builtin(vertex_index)]] idx : u32;
	};

	[[stage(vertex)]] fn main(input : VertexIn) -> [[builtin(position)]] vec4<f32> {
	// 0xFFFFFFFE is a designated invalid index used by some tests.
	if (input.idx == 0xFFFFFFFEu) {
	return vec4<f32>(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
	}
	return input.pos;
	})");

	wgpu::ShaderModule fsModule = utils::CreateShaderModule(device, R"(
	[[stage(fragment)]] fn main() -> [[location(0)]] vec4<f32> {
	return vec4<f32>(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0);
	})");

	utils::ComboRenderPipelineDescriptor descriptor;
	descriptor.vertex.module = vsModule;
	descriptor.cFragment.module = fsModule;
	descriptor.primitive.topology = primitiveTopology;
	descriptor.primitive.stripIndexFormat = format;
	descriptor.vertex.bufferCount = 1;
	descriptor.cBuffers[0].arrayStride = 4 * sizeof(float);
	descriptor.cBuffers[0].attributeCount = 1;
	descriptor.cAttributes[0].format = wgpu::VertexFormat::Float32x4;
	descriptor.cTargets[0].format = renderPass.colorFormat;

	return device.CreateRenderPipeline(&descriptor);
	}
	};

	// Test that the Uint32 index format is correctly interpreted
	TEST_P(IndexFormatTest, Uint32) {
	wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline = MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);

	wgpu::Buffer vertexBuffer = utils::CreateBufferFromData<float>(
	device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Vertex,
	{-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // Note Vertices[0] = Vertices[1]
	-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f});
	// If this is interpreted as Uint16, then it would be 0, 1, 0, ... and would draw nothing.
	wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer =
	utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint32_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index, {1, 2, 3});

	wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
	{
	wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
	pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
	pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, vertexBuffer);
	pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
	pass.DrawIndexed(3);
	pass.EndPass();
	}

	wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
	queue.Submit(1, &commands);

	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 100, 300);
	}

	// Test that the Uint16 index format is correctly interpreted
	TEST_P(IndexFormatTest, Uint16) {
	wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline = MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint16);

	wgpu::Buffer vertexBuffer = utils::CreateBufferFromData<float>(
	device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Vertex,
	{-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f});
	// If this is interpreted as uint32, it will have index 1 and 2 be both 0 and render nothing
	wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer =
	utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint16_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index, {1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0});

	wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
	{
	wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
	pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
	pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, vertexBuffer);
	pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint16);
	pass.DrawIndexed(3);
	pass.EndPass();
	}

	wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
	queue.Submit(1, &commands);

	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 100, 300);
	}

	// Test that the index format used is the format of the last set pipeline. This is to
	// prevent a case in D3D12 where the index format would be captured from the last
	// pipeline on SetIndexBuffer.
	TEST_P(IndexFormatTest, ChangePipelineAfterSetIndexBuffer) {
	wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline32 = MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
	wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline16 = MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint16);

	wgpu::Buffer vertexBuffer = utils::CreateBufferFromData<float>(
	device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Vertex,
	{-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // Note Vertices[0] = Vertices[1]
	-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f});
	// If this is interpreted as Uint16, then it would be 0, 1, 0, ... and would draw nothing.
	wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer =
	utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint32_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index, {1, 2, 3});

	wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
	{
	wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
	pass.SetPipeline(pipeline16);
	pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, vertexBuffer);
	pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
	pass.SetPipeline(pipeline32);
	pass.DrawIndexed(3);
	pass.EndPass();
	}

	wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
	queue.Submit(1, &commands);

	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 100, 300);
	}

	// Test that setting the index buffer before the pipeline works, this is important
	// for backends where the index format is passed inside the call to SetIndexBuffer
	// because it needs to be done lazily (to query the format from the last pipeline).
	TEST_P(IndexFormatTest, SetIndexBufferBeforeSetPipeline) {
	wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline = MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);

	wgpu::Buffer vertexBuffer = utils::CreateBufferFromData<float>(
	device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Vertex,
	{-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f});
	wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer =
	utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint32_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index, {0, 1, 2});

	wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
	{
	wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
	pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
	pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
	pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, vertexBuffer);
	pass.DrawIndexed(3);
	pass.EndPass();
	}

	wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
	queue.Submit(1, &commands);

	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 100, 300);
	}

	// Test that index buffers of multiple formats can be used with a pipeline that
	// doesn't use strip primitive topology.
	TEST_P(IndexFormatTest, SetIndexBufferDifferentFormats) {
	wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline =
	MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Undefined, wgpu::PrimitiveTopology::TriangleList);

	wgpu::Buffer vertexBuffer = utils::CreateBufferFromData<float>(
	device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Vertex,
	{-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f});
	wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer32 =
	utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint32_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index, {0, 1, 2});
	wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer16 =
	utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint16_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index, {0, 1, 2, 0});

	wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
	{
	wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
	pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer32, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
	pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
	pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, vertexBuffer);
	pass.DrawIndexed(3);
	pass.EndPass();
	}

	wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
	queue.Submit(1, &commands);

	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 100, 300);

	encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
	{
	wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
	pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer16, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint16);
	pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
	pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, vertexBuffer);
	pass.DrawIndexed(3);
	pass.EndPass();
	}

	commands = encoder.Finish();
	queue.Submit(1, &commands);

	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8(0, 255, 0, 255), renderPass.color, 100, 300);
	}

	// Tests for primitive restart use vertices like in the drawing and draw the following
	// indices: 0 1 2 PRIM_RESTART 3 4 5. Then A and B should be written but not C.
	// \|--------------\|
	// \| 0---1 \|
	// \| \ B\| \|
	// \| \\| \|
	// \| 3 C 2 \|
	// \| \|\ \|
	// \| \|A \ \|
	// \| 4---5 \|
	// \|--------------\|

	class TriangleStripPrimitiveRestartTests : public IndexFormatTest {
	protected:
	wgpu::Buffer mVertexBuffer;

	void SetUp() override {
	IndexFormatTest::SetUp();
	mVertexBuffer = utils::CreateBufferFromData<float>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Vertex,
	{
	0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // 0
	1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // 1
	1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // 2
	-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // 3
	-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // 4
	0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // 5
	});
	}
	};

	// Test use of primitive restart with an Uint32 index format
	TEST_P(TriangleStripPrimitiveRestartTests, Uint32PrimitiveRestart) {
	wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline = MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);

	wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer =
	utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint32_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index,
	{
	0,
	1,
	2,
	0xFFFFFFFFu,
	3,
	4,
	5,
	});

	wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
	{
	wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
	pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
	pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, mVertexBuffer);
	pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
	pass.DrawIndexed(7);
	pass.EndPass();
	}

	wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
	queue.Submit(1, &commands);

	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 50, 350); // A
	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 350, 50); // B
	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kZero, renderPass.color, 198, 200); // C
	}

	// Same as the above test, but uses an OOB index to emulate primitive restart being disabled,
	// causing point C to be written to.
	TEST_P(TriangleStripPrimitiveRestartTests, Uint32WithoutPrimitiveRestart) {
	wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline = MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
	wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer =
	utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint32_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index,
	{
	0,
	1,
	2,
	// Not a valid index.
	0xFFFFFFFEu,
	3,
	4,
	5,
	});

	wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
	{
	wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
	pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
	pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, mVertexBuffer);
	pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
	pass.DrawIndexed(7);
	pass.EndPass();
	}

	wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
	queue.Submit(1, &commands);

	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 50, 350); // A
	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 350, 50); // B
	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 198, 200); // C
	}

	// Test use of primitive restart with an Uint16 index format
	TEST_P(TriangleStripPrimitiveRestartTests, Uint16PrimitiveRestart) {
	wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline = MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint16);

	wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer =
	utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint16_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index,
	{
	0,
	1,
	2,
	0xFFFFu,
	3,
	4,
	5,
	// This value is for padding.
	0xFFFFu,
	});

	wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
	{
	wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
	pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
	pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, mVertexBuffer);
	pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint16);
	pass.DrawIndexed(7);
	pass.EndPass();
	}

	wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
	queue.Submit(1, &commands);

	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 50, 350); // A
	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 350, 50); // B
	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kZero, renderPass.color, 198, 200); // C
	}

	// Tests for primitive restart use vertices like in the drawing and draw the following
	// indices: 0 1 PRIM_RESTART 2 3. Then 1 and 2 should be written but not A.
	// \|--------------\|
	// \| 3 0\|
	// \| \| \|\|
	// \| \| \|\|
	// \| 2 A 1\|
	// \| \|
	// \| \|
	// \| \|
	// \|--------------\|

	class LineStripPrimitiveRestartTests : public IndexFormatTest {
	protected:
	protected:
	wgpu::Buffer mVertexBuffer;

	void SetUp() override {
	IndexFormatTest::SetUp();
	mVertexBuffer = utils::CreateBufferFromData<float>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Vertex,
	{
	1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // 0
	1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // 1
	0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // 2
	0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f // 3
	});
	}
	};

	TEST_P(LineStripPrimitiveRestartTests, Uint32PrimitiveRestart) {
	wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline =
	MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32, wgpu::PrimitiveTopology::LineStrip);

	wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer = utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint32_t>(
	device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index, {0, 1, 0xFFFFFFFFu, 2, 3});

	wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
	{
	wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
	pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
	pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, mVertexBuffer);
	pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
	pass.DrawIndexed(5);
	pass.EndPass();
	}

	wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
	queue.Submit(1, &commands);

	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 399, 199); // 1
	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 199, 199); // 2
	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kZero, renderPass.color, 300, 199); // A
	}

	// Same as the above test, but uses an OOB index to emulate primitive restart being disabled,
	// causing point A to be written to.
	TEST_P(LineStripPrimitiveRestartTests, Uint32WithoutPrimitiveRestart) {
	wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline =
	MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32, wgpu::PrimitiveTopology::LineStrip);

	wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer =
	utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint32_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index,
	{0, 1, // Not a valid index
	0xFFFFFFFEu, 2, 3});

	wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
	{
	wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
	pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
	pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, mVertexBuffer);
	pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint32);
	pass.DrawIndexed(5);
	pass.EndPass();
	}

	wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
	queue.Submit(1, &commands);

	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 399, 199); // 1
	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 199, 199); // 2
	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 300, 199); // A
	}

	TEST_P(LineStripPrimitiveRestartTests, Uint16PrimitiveRestart) {
	wgpu::RenderPipeline pipeline =
	MakeTestPipeline(wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint16, wgpu::PrimitiveTopology::LineStrip);

	wgpu::Buffer indexBuffer =
	utils::CreateBufferFromData<uint16_t>(device, wgpu::BufferUsage::Index,
	{0, 1, 0xFFFFu, 2, 3, // This value is for padding.
	0xFFFFu});

	wgpu::CommandEncoder encoder = device.CreateCommandEncoder();
	{
	wgpu::RenderPassEncoder pass = encoder.BeginRenderPass(&renderPass.renderPassInfo);
	pass.SetPipeline(pipeline);
	pass.SetVertexBuffer(0, mVertexBuffer);
	pass.SetIndexBuffer(indexBuffer, wgpu::IndexFormat::Uint16);
	pass.DrawIndexed(5);
	pass.EndPass();
	}

	wgpu::CommandBuffer commands = encoder.Finish();
	queue.Submit(1, &commands);

	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 399, 199); // 1
	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kGreen, renderPass.color, 199, 199); // 2
	EXPECT_PIXEL_RGBA8_EQ(RGBA8::kZero, renderPass.color, 300, 199); // A
	}

	DAWN_INSTANTIATE_TEST(IndexFormatTest,
	D3D12Backend(),
	MetalBackend(),
	OpenGLBackend(),
	OpenGLESBackend(),
	VulkanBackend());
	DAWN_INSTANTIATE_TEST(TriangleStripPrimitiveRestartTests,
	D3D12Backend(),
	MetalBackend(),
	OpenGLBackend(),
	OpenGLESBackend(),
	VulkanBackend());
	DAWN_INSTANTIATE_TEST(LineStripPrimitiveRestartTests,
	D3D12Backend(),
	MetalBackend(),
	OpenGLBackend(),
	OpenGLESBackend(),
	VulkanBackend());